Irin haka encyclical (Encyclia) yana da alaƙar kai tsaye ga dangin orchid. Ya haɗu da nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 160 waɗanda lithophytes da epiphytes suke wakilta. A cikin yanayi, ana iya samun su a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
Siffofin halayyar wannan dabi'ar sune: yanayin alamomi na girma (wannan shine lokacin da karami ya girma a gindin tsohuwar), gajeren rhizomes (gurguwar jirgi), bifacial (wani lokacin guda ɗaya, uku da ganye huɗu) siffofin siffa mai launin lu'u-lu'u ko kuma tsallake. Ganyayyaki mai kauri mai launin fata suna da fiɗa kamar yadda yake a sarari ko lanceolate, yayin da farantin da kanshi ya ɗan danƙaɗaɗa tare da tsakiyar jijiya.
A shuka blooms tsawon isa. Don haka, fure na iya wuce tsawon makonni ko watanni da yawa. A cikin nau'ikan daban-daban, tsararrakin apical na iya bambanta. Don haka, a cikin wasu nau'in akwai furanni guda ɗaya na girman girman, yayin da wasu suna da wadataccen furanni masu yawa, ƙwararrun ƙananan ƙirar inflorescences a cikin goga. Furannin zygomorphic da aka zayyana suna da sepals 3 (sepals) da kuma ciyawa 2 na fure (petals), waɗanda suke kunkuntar kuma suna da launi iri ɗaya da sihiri. Babban lebe mai faffadan lebe guda uku (gas na Gaskiya na Gaskiya) na uku kyauta duk tsawon shi yana da launi mai bambantawa. Abun gefen ɓangarorin gefen suna yawanci a kewayen shafin, koyaya, ba a haɗa su ba.
Orchid care encyclical a gida
Wannan inji yana da cikakkiyar fassara kuma ya dace da namo da duk gogewa da nochids.
Haske
Wannan asalin halittar orchids yana buƙatar haske mai haske sosai. A matsayinka na mai mulki, yakamata a warwatse a wannan yanayin, amma akwai wasu nau'ikan da zasu iya jure hasken rana kai tsaye. Amma duk da wannan, irin waɗannan furanni suna buƙatar shawo daga zafin rana, in ba haka ba ƙone na zai bayyana a farfajiya.
Zai fi kyau a sanya tukunyar fure a kan windowsill windows na kudu, yamma da gabas da gabas. Ko da wane taga inji take, kaka da damuna zata buƙaci ƙarin haske tare da phytolamps na musamman, kuma sa'o'in hasken rana ya kamata daga 10 zuwa 12 hours.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Yawancin nau'in suna buƙatar yanayin zafi-matsakaici ko matsakaici mai zafi. A wannan yanayin, shuka dole ne ya tabbatar da bambanci a cikin yanayin yau da kullun. Don haka, kuna buƙatar gwada saboda a duk shekara zafin jiki a cikin rana shine digiri 18-22, kuma da dare - daga digiri 13 zuwa 16. Growararrun masu noman abinci suna ba da shawarar cewa samfuran encyclines suna ba da bambanci a cikin yanayin yau da kullun na kimanin 5 digiri.
A karkashin yanayin yanayi mai kyau, a cikin lokacin dumi (Mayu-Oktoba), ana bada shawarar orchid don canjawa zuwa titin. Koyaya, tana buƙatar samun kariya daga iskar gas, hasken rana kai tsaye da hazo. A kan titi yafi sauƙi don kula da yawan zafin jiki da ake buƙata.
Cakuda ƙasa
Don haɓaka irin wannan orchid, ana amfani da toshe da tukwane. Don cika tukunya da amfani da sphagnum, haushi tare da ƙananan gawayi. An ɗauki babban yanki na haushi na pine azaman toshe. A farfajiya, kuna buƙatar gyara tsarin tushen da rhizome na fure, yayin da ya kamata a nannade su da babban ɓawon fure mai ƙura da yawa.
Yadda ake ruwa
Duk shekara zagaye, ana shuka shayar da yalwa kuma sau da yawa. Watering ya kamata a yi kawai bayan haushi ya kusan bushewa. A farfajiya na tushen tsarin akwai wata matsanancin farin ciki na velamen, sabili da haka yana iya yin tsayayya da matsanancin fari (kar a yi lokacin bushewa sosai). An bada shawara don shayar da encycline ba a cikin hanyar da ta saba ba, amma nutsar da tukunya (toshe) a cikin kwano cike da ruwa mai dumin zafi na minti 20-30. Zazzabi ruwan ya zama kusan digiri 30-35. Wannan lokacin ya isa ga danshi da Tushen da za a cike shi da danshi. Bayan wannan, dole ne a cire shuka kuma a jira har sai yawan ɓarin ruwan ya lalace. Sannan a sanya shi a inda ya saba.
Ya kamata a shayar da shi musamman tare da ruwa mai laushi. Ana iya tace ko kuma a bar ta ta zauna lafiya.
Haushi
A shuka ba ya bukatar wuce haddi high zafi. Ingantaccen zafi yakamata ya kasance tsakanin kashi 50 zuwa 70. Don haɓaka yanayin zafi, zaku iya zuba lãka da aka shimfiɗa a cikin kwanon rufi kuma ku ɗanɗaɗa ruwa kaɗan, ko kuma ku saka wani bulo na buɗe cike da ruwa a gefensa. Idan gumi ba shi da ƙasa sosai, to, zaku iya amfani da iskar zafi ko janareto. Gardenerswararrun lambu shawara, akalla sau ɗaya a rana don moisten wata shuka, haushi, da gansakuka daga sprayer.
Taki
Irin wannan orchid yana buƙatar ciyar da shi duk shekara. Ana yin su sau 1 a cikin makonni biyu ko uku. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman domin orchids, a shafa su a ruwa domin ban ruwa, kuma a ɗauki kashi da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Siffofin Juyawa
Dasawa kawai kamar yadda ya cancanta. Don haka, ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar idan ƙarfin ko toshe ya zama ƙarami ko kuma game da acidification na substrate da bazuwar ta.
Lokacin hutawa
Sauran lokacin wannan shuka. Ba ya buƙatar sa don yawan fure da ci gaba na al'ada. A cikin yanayin yayin da kyakkyawan fure mai lafiya ba a samar da tsararraki guda ɗaya ba a cikin watanni 12, zai zama dole don ƙirƙirar halin damuwa a cikin sa. Don yin wannan, gaba daya dakatar da yin ruwa don kwanaki 11-14, kuma tsallake hanyoyin aikace-aikacen takin da yawa.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Lokacin da girma a cikin gida, ana iya yada wannan orchid ta hanyar rarraba rhizome. Ya kamata a tuna cewa kowace rarrabawa dole ne ya kasance yana da pan alaƙa guda uku.
Suna yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba kawai a karkashin yanayin masana'antu, suna kuma amfani da hanyar cloning (yaduwar meristem).
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Wani ɗan itacen gizo gizo-gizo zai iya rayuwa a kan shuka. Idan an sami wannan kwaro, to furen ya kamata ya yi wanka mai ɗumi (kimanin digiri 45), yayin yana wanke furen.
Zai iya yin rashin lafiya idan ya sabawa ka'idodin kulawa. Don haka, rot na iya bayyana sakamakon yawan ruwa da yawa, idan an shayar da su sosai - Tushen zai bushe, hasken rana kai tsaye na iya barin ƙonewa a kan ganye. Hakanan, idan babu hasken mara kyau, to babu makawa zaka iya ganin fure.
Batun bidiyo
Babban nau'ikan
Yawancin nau'in encyclia sun shahara tsakanin lambu, amma irin wannan nau'in shuka ya fi yawa cikin buƙatu.
Fergararran ƙwayoyin cuta (Encyclia adenocaula)
Wannan shine mafi kyawun kallon dukkanin wakilan wannan dabi'ar. Furen da kansa yana da girman matsakaici, pseudobulbs mai tsayi a tsayi zai iya kaiwa daga 5 zuwa 7 santimita. Ganyen suna da tsayi daga 30 zuwa 50 santimita. Falon-nisan tsayin mita yana da yawa. Furannin furanni masu kamshi mai dumbin girma (har zuwa santimita 10 a diamita) ana fentin su da launi mai laushi, mai ruwan hoda. Sepals da petals suna da nau'i mai kunkuntar-lanceolate. Leɓanin triangular yana da fadi sosai, duk da haka, a tsakiyar lobe, sassan sassan na gefen suna lanƙwasa ƙasa, don haka ya sami sifar da aka ɗaure ta gefe. A tsakiyar lebe akwai shuɗi launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, kuma a gindinta akwai ƙaramin dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara.
Encyclia kyanwa (Encyclia alata)
Wannan tsiro ya sami saɓanin sanannun tsire saboda furanni masu ƙanshi da rashin kulawa. Ya yi girma babba. Don haka, daji na iya isa tsayin mita 1.5, da faɗin mita 0.5. Yawancin farfajirai suna da tsawon su kamar bushes ɗin da kansu. Furanni suna da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, saboda haka a cikin diamita sun kai ba santimita 5-6.5. Takaddun shuɗi mai launin rawaya-kore mai rawaya mai launin rawaya masu launin shuɗi da furanni suna da fade ko siffar obovate. A cikin sashinsu na sama akwai ƙananan ƙananan wuraren launin launi. A lebe masu girma ne sosai-bangaren rawaya gefen sassan suna da fadi da siffar m. A ɓangaren ɓangaren kusurwa uku na lebe akwai lanƙwaran bugun kwano mai ɗorewa, kuma gefen bangonsa yana fenti mai launin rawaya mai arziki.
Bract encyclia (Encyclia bractescens)
Wannan nau'in dwarf ya shahara sosai. Ya bambanta a cikin abin da zai iya samar da quite m da m kore mazauna. Tsayin pseudobulbs na balagagge ya kasance daga santimita 2 zuwa 3, kuma ganyen siffar layi-lanceolate yana da tsawon santimita 40. Peduncles suna ɗaukar furanni da yawa kuma sun, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sa tashi sama da ganye. Flowersananan furanni masu ƙanshi suna da diamita na 2.5 santimita kawai. Ishwararren launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi da furanni suna da sifar lanceolate. Lebe mai faɗin yadudduka fade-kamar fenti farar fata. A farfaɗinta akwai kwarjini mai ɗimbin launuka na shuɗi.
