Furen fure irin su Aubrieta shima ana kiranta mai ruwa. Yana da dangantaka da HALITTAR na creeping abadagame herbaceous fure shuke-shuke, waxanda suke da Perennials kuma suna cikin kabeji iyali. Wannan halittar tana hade da kusan nau'ikan 12. Irin wannan furanni ana yinsa a cikin lambunan dutse, da kuma a duk ƙasashen Turai a matsayin tsirrai na shuka. A karkashin yanayi na yanayi, ana iya samun itacen taɓo a Italiya, Asia orarama, a kudancin Faransa, da kuma a Kudancin Amurka, inda ya fi son girma a kan koguna da kan dutse. An ba da sunan Latin don tsire-tsire don girmamawa ga Baƙon Faransa Claude Aubrier, wanda ya kasance mai fasaha kuma ya yi aiki a cikin nau'ikan zane-zanen Botanical. A Rasha, ana kiran wannan fure fure mai kararrawa mara komai. A lokacin fure, wannan tsiron yayi kama da sassakaffen kafet. Wannan fure yana da fasali guda, kyawawan ganyen sa ba su bushe koda a cikin hunturu.
Abubuwan Aubret
Plaan ƙaramin faranti waɗanda aka kafa a jerin suna da furen biza, kazalika da faifan obovate ko siffar ruɓi. Kushinsu yana aiki ko kaffara. -An ƙaramar fure-furen furen launin tsere sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni huɗu-furen furanni tare da santimita santimita da shunayya, shuɗi, shuɗi ko ruwan hoda-ja. Flowing yana da yawa kuma yana daga rabi na biyu na bazara zuwa farkon lokacin bazara. Idan ka samar da kulawa da kyau, to kuwa a lokacin kaka ne, barbara zata sake yin fure. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da bayyanar fayel, a cikinsu akwai tsaba masu launin shudi masu launi.
Da ke ƙasa za a bayyana yadda ake shuka yadda yakamata, girma da yaduwar irin wannan fure. Da kuma yadda ake kare kai daga cutarwa da cutarwa.
Girma aski daga tsaba
Abu ne mai sauki a yada wannan shuka da tsaba, yayin da za'a iya girma duka ta hanyar seedlings kuma a hanyar seedling. Amma idan ana yin shuka iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude a watan Satumba ko Mayu, sakamakon haka, wannan na iya haifar da rarrabuwar ire-ire. A wannan batun, masana sun ba da shawarar haɓakar uban tazara gabaɗaya ta hanyar shuka. Furen irin wannan shuka da aka shuka daga tsaba ana iya lura dashi kawai a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa. Ana sayar da tsaba na Aubrit a cikin dukkanin kantin sayar da kayan sana'a.
Seeding
Ana yin shuka ne a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Fabrairu kimanin makonni 8-10 kafin farkon zafi. Shuka da tsaba irin wannan fure kai tsaye a cikin tukwane dabam. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da tukwanen peat-humus ko allunan peat, ana shuka seedlings a cikin ƙasa buɗe kai tsaye a cikin waɗannan kwantena. Da farko, sanyaya tukunyar tukunya ko kwamfutar hannu, sannan a sanya tsaba 2 ko 3 a farfajiya. Tun daga sama ya kamata a yayyafa su da yashi (0.3-0.5 cm) cm yashi. Danshi yashi daga atomizer wanda aka tarwatsa shi, sannan kuma sanya kwantena a karkashin gilashin ko fim. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na iska don amfanin gona shine digiri 18-21.
Yadda ake kulawa da shuki
Kula da tsire-tsire masu sauki ne. Don haka, suna buƙatar shirya iska a kowace rana, da kuma shayar da su lokacin da ya cancanta. Za'a iya ganin 'ya'yan farko na seedlings bayan kwanaki 20-30, bayan wannan dole ne a cire mafaka gaba ɗaya. Yana da Dole a ruwa da shuka a hankali, saboda seedlings amsa musamman barnatar da wuce kima moistened substrate. A cikin abin da ya faru cewa 'yan seedlings ba su da ƙarfi, kuma haɓakarsu ba ta da sauƙi, ana ba da shawarar yin takin takaddun takaddun ma'adinai rabin wata kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude, yayin da maida hankali ne mafita zai zama mai rauni.
Zaba
Aubrieta ya danganta da mummunar rikitarwa ga dasawa, a wannan batun, lokacin da aka girma ta hanyar shuka, ana ɗaukar hoto ba a ɗauka ba. Abin da ya sa ana ba da shawarar an shuka irin wannan shuka a cikin kwantena daban (ƙarin bayani game da wannan an bayyana shi a sama).
Yin aski a waje
Wani lokaci ne saukowa
An ba da shawarar dasa waɗannan furanni a cikin ƙasa kawai bayan barazanar sanyi ta wuce, kuma a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan lokacin ya faɗi a cikin rabin na biyu na Mayu. Don dasawa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar shafi a hankali. A lokacin da zabar wani shafi, ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa ga yawa kuma mai wuce yarda tasiri flowering na karfi, tana bukatar matsakaicin yawan adadin hasken rana kai tsaye. Lokacin zabar ƙasa, ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa irin wannan furanni suna girma da haɓaka mafi kyau, ƙasa mafi ƙarancin ƙasa a shafin. Don haka, wannan tsiron ya girma sosai tsakanin slabs kankare da matakan dutse. Koyaya, ya kamata a tuna cewa ƙasa tana buƙatar sako-sako, ruwa mai-kyau, kuma abun da yakamata ya haɗa da ƙaramin peat ko ash. Hakanan ya fi kyau idan ƙasa ta tsaka tsaki ko kuma alkaline ɗan kadan, pH 6.0-7.0.
Yadda ake shuka
Furen fure kamar su Aubriet da lambu ke ɗaukar filastik ne sosai. A wannan batun, ana iya dasa shi daidai yadda kuke so, yayin da zaku iya ƙirƙirar lambun dutse ko kowane fure. Girman zurfin dasa fossa ya dogara da tsawon tushen tsirar, yayin da faɗaɗinta ya kamata ya zama sau 2 a faɗin tukunyar da aure ke tsiro. Lokacin dasa shuki, ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa nisa tsakanin bushes ya kamata aƙalla 5 cm. A cikin taron cewa fureka tayi girma a cikin kwandon da aka yi da yumbu ko filastik, to nan da nan kafin dasa shuki tukunya ya kamata a nutse cikin ruwa gaba daya. Jira har kumburin iska ya fara fitowa daga ƙasa. Bayan haka, a hankali cire tsire tare da dunƙule dunƙule ku sanya shi a cikin ramin da aka shirya. Lokacin da aka dasa shuki, zai zama dole don haɗa ƙasa, kuma yayyafa farjinta da ciyawa (wani yanki mai yashi mai santimita biyar), sannan a hankali zuba shi.
Yadda ake kulawa a gonar
Watse
Abu ne mai sauqi ka kula da gashin ka kuma ba zai dauki lokaci mai yawa ba. Bayan furanni manya ne, suna buƙatar a shayar dasu kawai lokacin da lokacin bushewar isasshen lokacin bushewa ya shigo. A wannan yanayin, idan sau da yawa kuma sau da yawa ana shayar da shaving a cikin yanayi na al'ada don lokacin bazara, to, kuna iya haifar da saurin haɓakar ɗanyen Greenery, yayin da furanni zai kasance mai sauƙi. Ya kamata a shayar da samari matasa sau da yawa fiye da tsofaffi, amma a wannan yanayin, wanda ya isa ya yi hankali sosai. Ana shawarar bada ruwa ta hanyar yafa. Bayan an shayar da tabarau ko ruwan sama ya shude, tilas ne a kwance farfajiyar kasa, kuma duk ciyawa da ciyawa ya kamata a cire.
Taki
A lokacin tsawon girma na shuka, ana bada shawara ga yayyafa farfajiya tare da ciyawa sau 2 ko sau 3. Don wannan, ana amfani da yashi, yayin da kauri ya kamata ya kasance daga 3 zuwa 5 santimita. An ciyar da Aubrietu tare da bayani na cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai na tsire-tsire na perennial. A wannan yanayin, ana yin sutturar miya a cikin bazara kafin a fara fure, da kuma lokacin kaka.
Mai jan tsami
Bayan yawan nutsuwa a cikin bazara, dole ne a yanke shi kusan zuwa matakin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, aiki mai girma na matasa mai tushe tare da ganye na launin launi zai fara. A bango daga aurite, sauran tsire-tsire na fure za su yi kama da kyan gani. Bayan wani lokaci, zai sake yin fure.
Yadda ake yaduwa
Dasa shuka da andaukaka yana da sauƙi, babban abu shine kar a manta da ka'idodi don kulawa da shi. Ana iya yada shi cikin sauƙi sauƙaƙe ta hanyar ƙwaya da hanyar iri. Game da yadda ake girma irin wannan fure ta hanyar shuka, wanda aka bayyana a sama. Koyaya, yan lambu suna da kwarewa sosai suna shuka aski kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude. Kafin yin shuka, kasar gona iri dole ne a shirya. Don yin wannan, sun tona shi zuwa zurfin 15 santimita, suna cire duwatsun kuma cire ciyayi kuma suna amfani da takin gargajiya, alli (lemun tsami) da itacen ash, sannan kuma a sanyaya shi. Dole ne a sanya tsaba a kai tsaye a saman ƙasa, yayin da bai kamata a shuka su da yawa ba. Ba sa buƙatar zurfafa, kawai zuba a yashi a saman tsaba, kauri wanda ya kamata ya zama daga 3 zuwa 5 santimita. Sa'an nan amfanin gona bukatar a shayar a hankali tare da ruwa can. Idan an aiwatar da shuka a cikin bazara, to, seedlings na farko zai bayyana a cikin makonni 1.5-3, kuma idan a watan Satumba - kawai lokacin lokacin bazara na gaba ya zo.
Haka ma, wannan abu ne mai sauqi qwarai ka yadu da wannan shuka ta qwaya. A tsakiyar lokacin bazara, an datse wannan fure, bayan wannan zaka sami adadin kayan dasawa. Kamar yadda ake yanke itace, zaka iya amfani da harbe wanda akan babu furanni. Suna buƙatar a dasa su a cikin greenhouse a cikin cakuda ƙasa, wanda ya haɗa da yashi da peat (1: 1). A ƙarshen lokacin rani, tushen yakamata ya yanke, kuma ana iya dasa su a cikin dindindin a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Kafin farkon sanyi hunturu, tsire-tsire matasa suna da tushe sosai kuma suna da ƙarfi. A cikin taron cewa a cikin yankinku a cikin hunturu akwai sanyi mai tsananin sanyi ko kuma dusar ƙanƙara kaɗan ta faɗi a wannan lokacin na shekara, to, ba za a iya dasa tsiron a cikin ƙasa ba, amma an bar shi a cikin kore har sai lokacin bazara.
Hakanan, ana iya yada fure ta hanyar rarraba daji. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan hanya a lokacin bazara ko kaka. Aubrieta bai yarda da wannan haifuwa wacce ke da sauqi ba. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar tono daji kuma ku rarraba shi cikin sassa da yawa, yayin da akan kowane rabo yakamata ya kasance akwai tushen da ƙanƙanfan ci gaba. Bayan wannan, an dasa masu rabawa a cikin rijiyoyin daban. Amma ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa duk ƙoƙarin ku na iya zama gabaɗaya, kuma ƙaurar dasa ta wannan hanyar na iya mutu. Saboda haka, lambu lambu goge fi son Resort zuwa zuriyar hanyar haifuwa ko zuwa cuttings.
Cutar da kwari
Aubrieta yana da tsayayyar tsayayya da cututtuka daban-daban da kwari masu cutarwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yana da sauƙi a kula da shi. A wasu halaye, tsirrai na iya kamuwa da cutar mildew, yayin da farin zubin ya fito a faranti da furanni. Irin wannan cuta ta jikin fungal ce, kuma yayin da take haɓaka, wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ya sami launin ruwan kasa. Wani daji da ya kamu da irin wannan cuta ya rasa kamannin sa, abin da yake haɓaka ya zama ya zama mai rauni. Yankunan da abin ya shafa na fure ya zama baƙar fata ya mutu, yayin da daji da kansa ke zama ƙasa da lokacin sanyi. Don warkar da mildew powdery, za'a iya amfani da sullar colloidal, kuma dole a bi umarnin kan kunshin samfurin.
Babban haɗarin dukkanin ƙananan kwari masu lahani don aski shine aphids. Wannan kwari ne mai tsotsa wanda ke amfani da ruwan tsirrai don abinci mai gina jiki. Aphid mai rarrabawa ne na cututtuka masu haɗari. Kuna iya kawar da irin waɗannan kwari masu haɗari tare da taimakon Karbofos, Biotlin, Fufanon ko Arrivo. Dangane da matsayin kamuwa da cuta na bushes, ana iya buƙatar jiyya 1-4.
Gabaɗaya, irin wannan fure, yafi son girma tsakanin duwatsu, da wuya yayi rashin lafiya.
Yadda ake kulawa da shekaru da yawa na aski bayan fure
Tarin iri
Lokacin yada irin wannan fure ta hanyar tsaba da aka tattara da kansu, dole ne a tuna cewa bazai iya riƙe duk haruffan jinsin mahaifin ba. Koyaya, idan har yanzu kuna son tattara tsaba, to, lokacin da atha shewal din ya lalace a cikin bazara, ya zama dole ku bar 2 ko 3 mai tushe tare da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar a lokacin yankan. Jira har sai tsaba su yi duhu kuma a datsa murfin a hankali. Choƙarinsu, kuma ku zo da tsaba a cikin dakin kuma ku ripen. Ana iya shuka irin waɗannan tsaba kafin hunturu ta wannan hanyar kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama.
Ana shirin hunturu
Bayan lokacin bazara, masana suna ba da shawarar yanke duk mai tushe na wannan shuka. Koyaya, bayan an gama fure na biyu, wannan ba lallai bane. Ya kamata a bar tushe da furanni na tsawon hunturu, kuma za a buƙaci a yanke su kawai da farkon lokacin bazara. Wadannan furanni perennial sosai jure hunturu ba tare da tsari. Amma ya kamata a lura cewa idan hunturu ya yi tsauri kuma ba dusar ƙanƙara ba, to kuwa ƙwanƙwasa na iya mutu, a wannan batun, masu girbi na fure sun ba da shawarar cika furanni tare da busasshen ganye ko kuma rufe su da cinya.
Iri da nau'in aubriet tare da hoto da sunaye
Akwai nau'ikan dabi'a 12 na dabi'a, yayin da wasu daga cikinsu ke girma daga lambu. Da wuya, zaku iya haɗuwa a cikin lambunan tsakiyar latitude irin su nau'in: farin auret, Croatian auret, m auret, da Kolumk's auret. Koyaya, akwai nau'ikan da suka fi shahara, kuma za'a bayyana su a ƙasa.
Aubrieta deltoidea, ko Auret deltoid
Tsawon wannan tsiro na tsirowar ganye zai iya kaiwa santimita 15. Fararren launin ganye da launin toka-launin toka na daɗin ƙira suna da haƙarƙari 1 ko 2 akan kowane gefen. Sako-sako marassa karfi na nau'in launin tsere ya ƙunshi ƙananan furanni (diamita game da milimita 10), waɗanda aka fentin su a cikin lilac ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. A watan Mayu, aubriet fara fure. Tsawon lokacin da ya tsiro sama da makonni 4 kenan. An fara wannan nau'in tun daga 1710, ana kiranta da "Lilac bush". Yana da nau'ikan Bougainville da yawa, tsayinta na daji ya kai santimita 20, furanni ana fentin masu launin shuɗi, yayin da cibiyar ke da launin ruwan lemo. Godiya ga masu shayarwa, wani irin al'adar auret ya bayyana, wanda shine mafi shahara tsakanin yan lambu, yayin da suka ɗauki auren deltoid auret a matsayin tushen.
Aubrieta al'adu (Aubrieta x cultorum), ko kuma a matasan Aubrieta
Wannan rukunin tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su wuce santimita 20 ba ga tsawo kuma suna da ikon cin nasara a ƙarƙashin murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Leafaramin ganye ya kasance yana kusa da bakin daga. Girman diamita na furanni masu ruwan shuɗi ko Lilac ya kai santimita 1. Zuwa yau, nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan nau'in na iya samun furanni biyu, biyu da kuma furanni masu sauƙi. Suna iya yaduwa cikin sauƙin zuriya. Akwai nau'ikan da za a iya girma a cikin tukwane a gida, akwai kuma dacewa don yankan.
Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan al'adun obrita:
- Cascading. Furen furanni na irin wannan tsinkaye za a iya fentin su da shuɗi, ruwan hoda, shuɗi, turquoise ko ja, yayin da suke da ƙaramin tsakiyar rawaya. Takardun takardu masu launin kore-launin toka a duk shekara suna da launi iri ɗaya.
- Enchant Maroko. Isan daji kyakkyawa ne kuma yana da fa'ida. Furanni suna da girman girman (kusan 15 mm a diamita). Launinsu na iya bambanta daga ruwan hoda da ja zuwa shuɗi.
- Cote d'Azur. Irin wannan shuka yana da kyawawan furanni azure masu launi-fure. Flim ya ci gaba har tsawon watanni 2 na bazara. A watan Satumba, an sake maimaita fure, wanda yake ci gaba har zuwa farkon lokacin sanyi.
- Manyan ruwa. Wannan cakuda mai hade ne, wanda ya hada da tsirrai masu launuka daban-daban, watau: ruwan hoda, shunayya, ruwan lemo, ja, da sauransu. Tsawon irin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu tsaurin hunturu baya wuce santimita 15. Furanni suna da girman santimita.
Har ila yau, 'yan lambu suna farin ciki don yin shuka irin nau'in aubriet kamar Carnival, Dr. Mules, Don, Gloriosa, Wanda, Blue King, Sarauniya, Royal Keskade, Triumph, da sauransu.
