Fiye da orchids

Masanin ilimin halitta D. Hooker ne ya fara gano wannan tsiro, lokacin da a cikin 1818 aka aiko masa da wani kunshin da moss ɗin Brazil a Ingila, kuma an yi amfani da Cattleya spongiformis azaman kayan rufi. Wanene zai yi tunanin cewa furen da ake kula da shi sosai ba zai yiwu ya zama sanannen mashahurin orchid a gidajenmu ba!

Kowane aji yana da tsari na musamman.

Itace na fi so na cikin gida sune orchids. Kamar yadda dakin ke nutsuwa da tsirransu da furanni, ya yi kama da an jigilar da shi zuwa ƙasashen ƙetaren, zuwa ƙasarsu - zuwa ga mambobin ruwa. Cattleya ya mamaye wani yanki na musamman tsakanin orchids, wanda na sami mutane da yawa.

Abu ne mai sauki mu kula da shanya - babban abinda yake shine a tuna cewa kowanne iri daban-daban na bukatar tsarin kulawa na musamman. Bayan haka, nau'ikan Cattleya sun bambanta ba kawai a cikin siffar da launi na furanni da ganye ba, har ma a lokacin furanni, dormancy da zazzabi na tabbatarwa.

Ton Dalton Holland Baptista

Muna yin jagora da ganyayyaki

Da farko dai game da wurin. Wannan itace tsire-tsire mai daukar hoto, yana son walƙiya mai haske, musamman ma bazara da bazara. Don shanu, na ƙaddara wani wuri a kan windows windows, amma ban manta da inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Gabaɗaya, don fahimtar ko suna da isasshen haske, kawai kalli ganyayyaki: ya kamata su zama haske kore, ba shakka, ba tare da kunar rana a jiki ba.

Hakanan yana da kyau mutum yayi iko da tsawon hasken rana, saboda idan ya wuce tsawon awanni 10, toshewar Cattleya yayi muni. Amma a nan, kuma, dole ne suyi bincike tare da peculiarity na iri-iri.

Zazzabi na al'ada

Cattleya yana haɓaka mafi kyau, kuma musamman fure, tare da canjin zafin jiki. Hakanan za'a iya ƙirƙirar su ta wucin gadi - bambancin zazzabi a cikin lokacin rana da dare ya kamata ya zama kusan 5-7 °. Don haka, a lokacin bazara, yawancin nau'ikan suna jin daɗin girma a zazzabi na kimanin 22-28 ° a lokacin rana da kimanin 17 ° da dare. A cikin hunturu, idan akwai wani lokaci mai yawan gaske, zazzabi ya sauka zuwa 16-18 ° a lokacin rana da 12 ° dare. Amma tuna, bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da 10 ° ba! Amma wannan, sake, bai shafi dukkan jinsin ba. Misali, nau'in Alpine, kamar Cattleya Bowring, suna jin daɗin yanayin ƙarancin zafi: 22-24 ° a lokacin rani, da 10-12 ° a cikin hunturu.

Cattleya zai ji daɗin zama a cikin ɗakin idan yanayin tsare-tsaren suna da kusanci da na halitta. Misali, a cikin mahaifarta ana ruwan sama sau da yawa a rana, wanda ke nuna cewa ya fi kyau a shayar da shi a wannan lokacin. Guda ɗaya ya shafi fesawa - safe da maraice suna kwaikwayon raɓa.

Idan aka kalli nau'ikan Cattleya, idanu kawai suke gudana - wane irin zaɓi ne? Har yanzu, saboda a dabi'a akwai kusan nau'ikan 65 daga cikin waɗannan orchids. Kuma tunda suna soyayya da masu noman fure, masu shayarwa sun sha batar da fiye da dubunnan iri. Za mu yi suna kawai, kaɗan daga cikin shahararrun su.

• Sautin abu biyu Cattleya (Cattleya bicotor): Height - 30-60 cm. Furanni - diamita game da 10 cm, launin ruwan kasa-kore, launin ruwan kasa-shuɗi, leɓe mai lebe mai haske tare da gefuna masu haske. Flowering - kaka-hunturu.
• Cattleya bowringiana: Height - har zuwa 30-70 cm. Furanni - diamita 5-7 cm, ruwan hoda, shunayya, lebe mai launin shuɗi tare da launin rawaya. Flowering - kaka-hunturu.
• Cattleya Trianaei: Height - har zuwa cm 50. Furanni - diamita 15-20 cm, farin-ruwan hoda, rasberi mai haske tare da farin iyaka. Flowering - hunturu-bazara.
• Cattleya Forbesii (Cattleya forbesii): Height -10-20 cm Furanni - diamita 10 cm, zaitun-kore, mai launin shuɗi-kore, lebe fari tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Flowing - kaka-kaka.
• Cattleya dowiana: Height - har zuwa cm 25 Furanni - furanni - 15 cm, rawaya mai launin shuɗi, lebe rasberi-shuɗi tare da jijiyoyin shuɗi. Flowing - kaka-kaka.

Ruwa da abinci

Babban mahimmancin waɗannan orchids shine babban zafi. A cikin dakin da shanu ke girma, yakamata ya kasance akalla 60%. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tire na musamman tare da pebbles rigar. A lokacin rani, shuka yana buƙatar yawan yin shayarwa (kusan sau biyu a mako) da maimaitawa (maimaitawa sau biyu a rana). A cikin kaka, Na rage shayarwa zuwa matsakaici, kuma a cikin hunturu, lokacin da akwai lokacin hutawa, Ina gabaɗaya cikin yanayin bushewa matsakaici. Ba na mantawa game da ciyar. A lokacin haɓaka aiki, haɓaka buds da fure, Ina ciyar da Cattleya sau biyu a mako tare da takin mai magani don orchids.

Ba mu canzawa da muhimmanci ba

Cattleya baya son ɗaukar hoto, saboda haka yakamata a yi hakan fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2-3. Dalilin shi na iya zama bazuwar ma'adinai: yana farawa, daɗaɗa, ko Tushen, wanda ya girma kusa da pseudobulbs, ya zama tsawon lokaci cewa dasawa yana da mahimmanci.

Muna shirya canji daga cakuda peat, gansakuka na sphagnum kuma ƙara yanki guda na haushi. Ko kawai je kantin sayar da fure ku sayi cakuda don orchids.

Juya cikin kyau a hankali, yin hankali kada ka lalata asalinsu. Kar a manta yin magudanar ruwa mai kyau.

Ba kowa ba ne yayi ritaya

Na ambaci lokacin cattleya na Cattleya sau da yawa, amma yana da mahimmanci a ƙara da cewa nesa da kowane nau'in yana faruwa a lokaci guda. A wasu, lokacin mai lalacewa yana faruwa sau biyu a shekara (kafin da bayan fure), amma akwai nau'ikan da yake ɓace gabaɗaya. Don haka, kafin ku fara wannan orchid mai ban mamaki a gida, kar ku manta da sanin kanku da halaye iri-iri, kuma ku tuna cewa kowannensu yana buƙatar tsarin kula da juna.

Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su:

• L. N. Gorozheeva, Vichug, Yankin Ivanovo