Yadda za a tsara da kuma datsa gooseberries?

Maganar ainihin "pruning" wani lokaci yana firgita ga mai lambu: ba kowa ba ne ya yanke shawarar aiki tare da mai ɗan sa ko gani, kuma don mafi yawan ɓangare, saboda dalili ɗaya kawai, jin tsoron cutar da shuka. Amma, a zahiri, yana yiwuwa a cutar da itace mafi yawa ko bishiya ba ta hanyar sarewa ba, amma ta rashin shi. Ba tare da sare kambi da itacen apple tare da pear ba, kuma currants tare da gooseberries, zai yi kauri, girma harbe waɗanda basu da cikakkiyar amfani ga shuka, saya harbe bushe da tsufa, kuma a sakamakon haka, amfanin gona zai iya keɓance shi kaɗai a kan kambin, yana raguwa sosai, kuma shuka da kanta zai ƙara fara rauni kuma za a iya shafar kwari.

Wataƙila, kowa ya ji jumlar: "daji ya tsufa, don haka ba shi da lafiya," a zahiri, zai fi daidai a faɗi "an ƙaddamar da daji sosai, saboda haka ba shi da lafiya." Don haka, saboda babu wasu '' bishiyoyi '' guzberi bushes akan rukunin yanar gizonku, zamu gaya muku yadda, yaushe kuma me yasa za ku gudanar da wannan ko wannan nau'in pruning.

Samuwar gooseberries a kan trellis.

A ina zan fara cropping?

Abincin farko da yakamata ya kamata a yi shi nan da nan bayan saukar da guzberi a kan makircin. Tabbas, lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, yana da kyau a jira har sai lokacin bazara, amma lokacin dasa shuki a cikin bazara, hakan bashi da wata ma'ana a jinkirta girki. Dole ne a taqaita fitar da sabon tsiron guzberi seedling saboda kawai wani ɓangare tare da hudu ko biyar buds an bar daga kowane shoot, ba.

Kada ku ji tsoro, busheshen guzberi zai duba mummuna, amma za su yi godiya a gare ku: bayan duk, irin wannan pruning zai ba da damar ƙirƙirar sabon harbe wanda zai sa daji kamar yadda ya yiwu kuma, a saboda haka, zai haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa a farkon shekarun fruiting, idan aka kwatanta da guzberi bushes, wanda ba a hura irin wannan kayan gona ba.

Mafi kyawun lokacin datse gooseberries shine farkon bazara, yawanci Maris ko farkon Afrilu, kafin a buɗe ayoyin. Amma ba cewa guzberi ta farka tashi da wuri, da shi, dole ne ko ta yaya hada da narkewar dusar ƙanƙara da kuma lokacin da farkon kakar girma da kuma lokacin da za a datsa a cikin wannan kankanin lokaci.

Amma idan ba ku da lokaci, to yana da kyau, ana iya yin girki a faɗo, babban abu shine a fara yin girki a wannan lokacin kawai bayan ƙarshen ganye, lokacin da tsire-tsire sun riga sun shiga matakin ɓoye. A lokacin da pruning guzberi harbe, kana bukatar ka yi kokarin yanke da su sama da toho, wanda aka miƙa a waje na kambi: daga gare shi a nan gaba, da harba zai yi girma ba a tsakiyar daji, thickening shi, amma fita.

Guzberi daji.

Menene zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙirƙirar daji guzberi?

Guzberi ba itacen itacen apple ba ne, babu dunbin da yawa, yawanci uku ne kawai. Zabi na farko shine tsari na daji na talakawa, wato, irin shuka da aka saba da ita irin ta daji, galibi yadawo tare da bude cibiyar kambi. Zabi na biyu - wannan shine guzberi a kan kara, yayi kama da ƙaramin itace mai rassa a saman. Zaɓin na uku shine ƙirƙirar trellis, a wannan yanayin, bayan dasa shuki a cikin bishiyoyi a jere, an shirya trellis - an sanya ginshiƙai biyu tare da iyakokin layin kuma layuka biyu ko uku na madaidaiciyar waya suna shimfiɗa a tsakãninsu. A kan wannan waya an ƙirƙiri harbe guzberi, an kafa ta ta musamman.

Yaya kyau ne siffar guzberi da aka saba? Abu ne mai sauki kamar yadda zai yiwu. Menene amfanin ingantaccen irin guzberi? Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire a cikin yanki guda za'a iya dasa su, kuma kowane abu, irin wannan tsire-tsire suna kama da sabon abu, kyawawan abubuwa. Abvantbuwan amfãni daga trellis? Tsire-tsire suna buɗe, ba masu kauri ba, ba za su iya yin rashin lafiya ba, ana ɗanɗana kwari da kwari, ana buɗe kambi, an ɗora 'ya'yan itatuwa da zafin rana, sabili da haka sun fi girma, kuma mafi dadi.

Stambar Guzberi

Bayyanar - daji a kan kafa, ƙaramin itace. A waje, yana da ban sha'awa kuma yana da alama kamar cimma wannan ta hanyar cropping yana da wuya. A zahiri, wannan ba haka bane. Da farko, kuna buƙatar dasa daji iri na guzberi a wani wuri wanda ya dace da ku da shuka. Abu na gaba, ya kamata ka zaɓi babban adadin harbe mafi kauri, mafi ƙarfi da wanda aka jagoranta zuwa sama. Wannan shine farkon harbe gooseberries a gaba wanda zai taka rawar biyu daga cikin akwati da kambi.

Lokacin da ka zaɓi wannan ɗanyen, duk sauran ba su jin tausayin cirewa, yankan su a matakin ƙasa. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar sanin menene girman itacen da itacen ku na gaba zai kasance. Dole ne mu faɗi cewa nan da nan cewa ba shi da mahimmanci don wuce kima, gooseberries har yanzu daji ne (ta hanyar ilimin halitta), don haka bai kamata ku yi tsayuwa sama da mita ba, in ba haka ba kuna buƙatar shigar da goyon baya masu ƙarfi a nan kusa.

Zaba tsayi? Ka tuna cewa harbe a kaikaice ba sa girma a kan tushe? Sa'an nan, da karfin gwiwa cire duk gefen harbe zuwa ga alama alama, yankan a cikin wani zobe, tare da m kadaici da duk sassan da lambun varnish ko man Paint. A nan gaba, zai zama dole don saka idanu kan ci gaban wannan tsayin daka kuma cire su kusan sau daya a kakar. A saman girma, ya zama dole don barin rassan harbe-harbe, saboda za a sami kambi na bishiyar guzberi nan gaba.

A cikin shekarar farko, ya kamata a bar ire-iren wuraren guda huɗu ko biyar, kuma saboda su goge na gaba shekara, rabin su yanke. A lokaci guda, yi ƙoƙarin kada ku bar waɗancan harbe guzberi waɗanda aka riga aka yi musu jagora zuwa ƙasa, daga gare su akwai ƙarancin hankali kuma suna kallon mummuna; da kuma cire duk fashe da bushe harbe.

Yayin aiwatar da girma, cire duk harbe da suka bayyana a gindin daji, sannan kayi kokarin maye gurbin wadancan harbe-harbe wadanda sukai shekaru fiye da bakwai da haihuwa. Af, tushe na daji za a iya mulched da sawdust tare da Layer of 3-4 cm, wannan zai dakatar da ci gaba da ciyawa, da kuma tsiro daga tushen ma.

Don haka, itacen yana shirye, yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan kuma yana kama da sabon abu da kyau, waɗannan a bayyane suke. Bugu da kari, kambi na irin wannan itace yana busar da iska, iska tana da kyau a lit, sabili da haka, sun haɗu, a matsayin mai mulkin, da sauri. Waɗannan ƙari ne, amma akwai kuma rashin nasara - albarku ta guba, koda kuwa ƙaramin abu ne ga tsayi, zai iya sauƙaƙe iska mai ƙarfi, don haka a mafi kyawun, har ma da girman 50 cm tsayi har yanzu yana buƙatar tallafi.

Na biyu debe - yawanci guzberi iri ba su rarrabe ta fice hunturu hardiness, amma a karkashin wani lokacin farin ciki Layer dusar ƙanƙara da suka hunturu ba tare da matsaloli. A bushes on stambik ba zai ɓoye dusar ƙanƙara ta dusar ƙanƙara, ya kamata ya zama babba matattarar dusar ƙanƙara, don haka irin waɗannan tsire-tsire wani lokacin daskarewa gaba ɗaya.

Kuma a ƙarshe, mafi mahimmancin ma'adanai shine rayuwar shuka da ya fi gajarta, idan talakawa gandun daji na iya rayuwa ya samar da albarkatu na kimanin shekaru 30, to, daji a kan kututture bai wuce dozin ba: saboda a zahiri shine harbi daya wanda ke tsufa da sauri sosai. .

Tapestry guzberi

Da zarar salon trellis ya kasance mai girma. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa 'ya'yan itaciyar tsire-tsire a kan trellis masu kyau ne, sun fi girma kuma suna ɗauke da ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki, duk da haka, farashin sanya trellis yana da matuƙar girma, na kuɗi da na zahiri. Kuma trellis ya zama nau'in gwaji, wanda ba kowa bane ya yanke shawarar gudanar da shi a shafin su.

A ina zan fara? Tabbas, daga dasa shuki guzberi bushes. Don trellis mai cike da ƙarfi, kuna buƙatar aƙalla bushes biyar zuwa shida, kuna iya samun nau'ikan iri daban-daban da aka dasa kusa da juna (kusan rabin mita). Bayan an shuka ciyayi, muna gina trellis - a gefen layi muna tono tare da shafi kuma a tsakanin su muna shimfida layuka uku na waya a tsayin 40cm daga ƙasa, santimita 70 daga ƙasa da mita daga ƙasa, wannan ya isa sosai. Furtherarin gaba, yayin da tumatir ke girma, muna ɗaure su zuwa trellis ta amfani da igiya, muna sanya su saboda rassan daga juna suna nesa da kusan 18-20 cm.

Subtleties: yana da kyau sanya trellis tare da lebur gefen zuwa gabas, har rana ta haskaka shi daidai da tsakar rana da kuma bayan, kuma a cikin mafi zafi lokacin da ya haskaka a gefen trellis, in ba haka ba bushes iya ƙone.

Ka yi kokarin barin da kuma ƙulla ba fiye da shida karfi, mai iko harbe na daya guzberi daji zuwa trellis, sauran za a iya a amince yanke a gindi na kasar gona. A cikin aiwatar da haɓaka, ya kamata a rage harbe harbe na bara da kimanin 45-50%, kuma daga haɓakar shekarar da muke ciki ba za a bar harbe shida ba don hana ɓarnar wuce haddi. Shekaru biyar bayan haka, zaku iya juya bishiyar guzberi, wanda kuka ba da harbe uku ko hudu akan kowane shuka, kuma a yanka sauran a gindi na ƙasa.

Menene sauran fa'idodin trellis ban da waɗanda aka lissafa a sama? Tabbas, dacewa da ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace; Kamar yadda kuka sani, gooseberries al'adun ƙaya ne, saboda haka yana da wuya ku tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa daga daji, amma daga trellis - a zahiri, bangon kore - yafi dacewa. Berries a lokaci guda suna kasancewa da tsabta kuma sunada yawa.

Guzberi daji

Wannan al'ada ce, mai saba, daji ta guzberi da aka saba da ita daga ƙuruciya, amma ba a yin watsi da ita, wato, ba a yin kauri ba, ba tare da fashe ba, bushe harbe yana zurfafa cikin kambi. Yaya za a cimma wannan? Domin bishiyar guzberi ta kasance mai kyau, a farkon shekarar bunƙasa shi wajibi ne don gajarta duk waɗancan harbe da suka yi girma a cikin yanayin yanzu da kusan kashi 30%, ta yadda aƙalla buds biyar ke kan kowane.

Daga cikin waɗanda guzberi harbe da suka yi girma daga tushen, shi wajibi ne don barin ba fiye da uku daga cikin sosai-bunƙasa, a kalla hudu, sauran za a iya amince a yanka. Bugu da kari, yana da kyau a yanke duk wadancan bishiyar guzberi wadanda sukai girma sosai a kasa, suka shafe shi ko aka basu kulawa sosai cikin daji, kuma ba shakka, mara lafiya, bushe, karya da bakin ciki da gajere.

A lokacin kaka na gaba, kuma ya zama dole a yanke dukkan harbe-harbe na shekara ta yanzu da kashi 30%, kuma su bar mafi yawa daga tushen, kusan bakwai.

A shekara ta uku, daji, guzberi daji, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya fara bada 'ya'ya, a wannan karon, godiya ga girkinku da gyaran fuska, zai kunshi rassa dozin shekaru daban-daban. Kuma a wannan lokacin, tsarin guzberi na guzberi ya kasance ba a canzawa - duk harbe-harbe na shekara ta yanzu ya kamata a taqaituwa da kashi na uku, kuma biyu ko uku daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi ci gaba ya kamata a bar su daga manyan basal.

Yana da shekaru bakwai, gooseberries sun shiga matakin masana'antar fruiting na masana'antu. A wannan lokacin, daji na iya kunshi rassa biyu na shekaru daban-daban. Daga wannan lokacin, kuma kowane kaka, ya wajaba don yanke gabaɗaya (a gindi na ƙasa) duk harbe ya fi shekaru biyar. Yadda za a fahimci cewa harbe guzberi sun tsufa? Da launi daga haushi: zai yi duhu sosai fiye da na yara.

Kuma a ƙarshe, sabuntar Cardinal. Ku ciyar da shi lokacin da ciyawar daji "guz" ta ƙarnuka biyu. Idan kuna son iri-iri kuma ba ku son maye gurbin shi da wani, kuma amfanin gona yayi muni daga shekara zuwa shekara, to kawai ku yanke duk harbe-tsayi a tsayin 10-12 cm daga ƙasa, kuma wani matashi na guzberi zaiyi daga sabon haɓaka.

Yana da kyau a aiwatar da rigakafin tsufa na gooseberries a cikin bazara, bayan da daji yana buƙatar ciyar da shi sosai - zuba a ƙarƙashin kowane tablespoon na urea.

A nan ne, ba mai wuya pruning na gooseberries.