Pepnati Dolphinium ana daukar shi ɗayan kyawawan tsire-tsire ne. Stemsarfin mai tushe wanda aka yi wa ado da furanni da yawa zai iya kaiwa mita biyu a tsayi. Bari muyi magana game da dokoki na shuka da kuma kula da wannan amfanin gona.
Launi na furanni na iya zama dabam - fari, shuɗi, shuɗi, shuɗi, shuɗi mai haske mai haske. Wasu nau'ikan suna fitar da ƙanshin daɗi na yau da kullun, yayin da wasu, akasin haka, suna da ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi. Mafi yawan launuka masu launin fari ne.
Tsarin shuka da kulawa
Tasirin unpretentious, saboda haka, kula da su ba zai haifar da matsala da yawa ba. Koyaya, yaduwar iri ba aiki bane mai sauƙi kuma yana buƙatar kiyaye wasu yanayi.
Girma daga tsaba lamari ne mai matsala, komai mene ne ka yanke shawarar girmaZai fi kyau a adana tsaba na delphinium a cikin sanyi - an tabbatar da cewa a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi suna riƙe da mafi inganci.
'Yancin wuri na dasa shuki
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi wurin da ya dace don saukowa. Delphiniums suna buƙatar cikin kyakkyawan haskeduk da haka, yana da kyau a zubar da su saboda a cikin sa'o'i mafi kyau suna cikin inuwa.
In ba haka ba, fure mai kyau na iya ƙonewa. Wurin ya kamata ya kasance da iska mai kyau, amma a lokaci guda yana kariya daga iska mai ƙarfi. Dolphiniums galibi ana shuka su a gefen shinge na lambu, wanda ke kare su daga rana da iska.
Yaushe dasa shuki na shuɗewa
Tsaba don seedlings yawanci ana shuka shi a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris, amma zaka iya shuka su a cikin hunturu kuma kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude. A wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire za su ƙara tsayayya wa tsauraran zafin jiki da yanayin yanayi mara kyau.
Tsarin iri
Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a daidaita kyawawan tsaba - a cikin wani yanayi mai sanyin sanyi. A saboda wannan, ana amfani da guntun zane mai laushi yawanci. An dasa tsaba a ciki kuma a ajiye su a cikin firiji a zazzabi kimanin +5 digiri.
Abin da lambu ba sa adanawa a cikin firiji - ana iya adana tsaba da itacen oak na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayin sanyiWasu lokuta tsaba suna fara girma daidai lokacin daidaitawa - wannan abu ne mai sauki don tantancewa ta hanyar bayyanar fararen dige a kansu. Tsaba yawanci ana sanyaya su kamar sati biyu.
Lokacin da tsaba suka fara ƙaruwa, suna shirye don dasawa.
Duk wannan lokacin yana da mahimmanci a sakaya a hankali cewa masana'anta ba ta bushe, amma kuma ba don ba da izinin overmoistening ba.
Preparationasa shiri
Don dasa shuki a kan shuka, zaka iya amfani da ƙasa da aka yi, amma irin waɗannan gaurayawan yawanci suna ɗauke da peat mai yawa, wanda ba shi da ƙima ga ɗanɗano na delphinium. Abin yafi dogara ga shirya cakuda da kanka.
Don yin wannan, haɗa daidai gwargwado yashi, chernozem da humusƙara rabin gilashin perlite ga kowane lita 5 na ƙasa. Perlite zai sa kasar gona danshi-resistant da sako-sako da. Abubuwan da aka gama da aka gama shine mafi kyawun suma tare da Fitosporin.
Shuka dabbar dolphinium
Yankunan da suka shude stratification dole ne a rarraba a kan saman na substrate, kuma yayyafa a kan ɗauka a saman - game da 3-4 mm, dan kadan hada saman Layer.
Sa'an nan kuma kuna buƙatar danshi ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da bindiga da aka fesa - za ta ba da mafi yawan laushi na ƙwayar tsaba, kuma daga baya harbe matasa masu rauni.
Delphinium ya bambanta da yawancin aiki mai girma cikin duhu, saboda haka yawancin lokuta ana rufe shi da fim mai duhu. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don haɓakar shuki ya kusan digiri 10-15. Da zaran wannan ya faru, cire fim.
Yawancin lokaci wannan aikin yana ɗaukar kwanaki 10-14. Duk wannan lokacin yana da mahimmanci don kula da isasshen ƙasa ta hanyar fesa shi a kullun daga bindigar da aka fesa.
Don guje wa samuwar isasshen ƙwayar cuta, ya zama tilas a “iska” abin da ake canzawa na minti na 10-15 kowace rana.
Lingaukar hoto da ɗaukar hoto
Sakamakon rauni da tsirrai nutse suna bukata sosai a hankali.
Samun ɗaukar hankali ya kamata a yi lokacin da ganyayyaki 2-3 suka bayyana. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da tabarau ko tukwane tare da ƙarar ba fiye da 200 ml. Samun samfuran da aka yi girma suna girma a zazzabi na kimanin +20 digiri. A watan Mayu, matashancin yara yakamata a fara samun ingantaccen iska zuwa ga iska mai kyau da hasken rana mai haske.
Dawowa tsari ne mai mahimmanci kuma dole don nasarar aikin tare da seedlingsLokacin da tushen tsarin shuka ya hade dukkan murfin dunƙulewar, lokaci yayi da za'ayi shiri don dasawa cikin buyayyar ƙasa. Wajibi ne don fara shirya ƙasa a faɗo, tono tare da takin ta da taki ko humus. Spring wajibi ne sake sake tono.
Delphinium fi son tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa ɗan acidic, in ba haka ba ya zama dole don ƙara lemun tsami mai kwarkwata.
Ana amfani da Pick sau da yawa lokacin da ake shuka seedlings. Don haka, mun yi magana game da dalilin da ya sa tsunkule da kuma nutsar da zuriya seedlings.
Manyan miya
Delphinium yana matukar son takin zamani. Wajibi ne a ciyar da shi ko da a lokacin girman shuka, ta amfani da "Magani" don wannan. Isasshen ciyar 1-2 tare da tazara akalla awanni 2-3.
Mafi kyawun takin zamani don dasawa zai kasance humus, takin da ash. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da takin ma'adinai mai rikitarwa.
Ana iya ciyar da Delphiniums sau 3 a kowace kakar:
| Karo na farko | a farkon lokacin bazara, ana amfani da takin gargajiya. A saboda wannan, galibi ana amfani da taki, kusan lita kowace guga na ruwa |
| Na biyu | yayin bayyanar buds - hadaddun ma'adinai mai ma'adinai. Wajibi ne a watsa shi a cikin tsirrai na tsire-tsire, sannan a zurfafa ta 5 cm, yayyafa tare da peat |
| Karo na uku | a watan Agusta, sake amfani da takin gargajiya |
Cikakken takin zamani shima zai dace da ajiyar kuYana da mahimmanci musamman a ciyar da tsirrai a yayin budadawa - rashin isasshen kulawa na iya haifar da "gibba" a cikin inflorescences.
Dokokin Watering
Delphinium mai hauhawa ne, amma kada ku kasance da himma sosai. Yawan shayarwa (har zuwa bulo biyu na ruwa a kowane daji) ana bada shawarar kawai a cikin yanayin bushe, ragowar lokacin wajibi ne don kula da ƙasa dan kadan m.
Hakanan ya zama dole guji ruwa A ganyayyaki domin kada ya tsokani ƙonawa.
Shuka pruning
Bayan an gama furanni, dole ne a cire ciyawar fure nan da nan - a lokacin bazara don sababbin furanni su fito a watan Satumba, kuma a cikin kaka don ganin ƙyalli da kyawawan launuka a cikin sabuwar kakar.
Yana da Dole a datsa da mai tushe kusa da ƙasa kanta, tabbatar da yayyafa sauran kara tare da ƙasa. Anyi wannan ne domin kada ruwa ya tara cikin tarko mai zurfi, wanda hakan na iya haifar da lalacewar duk dajin.
Dankalin - mai guba, saboda haka, ba za a kyale ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya shiga hulɗa da fatar ba.
Kiwon dabbar dolphinium
Hanya mafi sauƙi don ƙirƙirar dabbar dolphinium - itace ko rarrabe daji.
Rarraba daji zuwa sassa da yawa ana aiwatar dashi ne a cikin shekaru uku na aikin uku. Kuna iya yin wannan a cikin bazara, lokacin da farkon harbe-harbe matasa suka bayyana, ko a watan Agusta, lokacin da an riga an gama fure, amma sassan tsire-tsire suna da lokaci don ɗaukar sabon asalinsu.
Dole tono fitar da rhizome gaba daya kuma cire bushe da wuraren jujjuyawa. Bayan haka, tare da wuka mai kaifi, rarraba rhizome cikin sassa da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci cewa kowane bangare yana da akalla mafaka mai ƙarfi.
Zai fi kyau fara fara dasa sababbin tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane, kuma bayan mako biyu, lokacin da suka sami ƙarfi, dasawa cikin ƙasa.
Lokacin yin yaduwa ta hanyar yankan, ya zama dole don raba harbe harbe tare da wani ɓangare na rhizome tare da wuka mai kaifi, ba lallai ba ne don tono. An dasa shi a cikin tukwane ko akwatunan mai laushi mai zurfi zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm, kuma bayan couplean makonni bayan an dasa shi cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa.
Cutar da kwari
Dabbobin dolphinium daban-daban galibi suna shafar su ƙwayoyin cuta da mildew powdery. Abin takaici, lokacin da farin plaque ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki, ya yi latti domin bi da shi. Sabili da haka, don dalilai na rigakafi, wajibi ne don fesa yayin budada tare da kowane jami'in fungicidal (antifungal), alal misali, Fitosporin.
Powdery mildew yana shafar kowane tsirrai na lambunMene ne bambanci tsakanin lokacin bazara da lokacin hunturu
Ta hanyar hunturu, dole ne a cire duk ɓangarorin da ke cikin wutar kuma a ƙone ta, don kauce wa tarin cututtukan fungal a ciki da kuma saurin kwari. Tasirin basa bukatar tsari domin hunturu - suna yin haƙuri har ma da tsananin sanyi, amma canje-canje yawan zafin jiki na iya raunana furen.
A cikin bazara, ana rarrabe bushes, ana dasa tsire-tsire, haka kuma farkon riguna na kaka - lokacin da harbe ya kai 10-15 cm ba ga tsawo ba.
An kuma sanya sutura ta biyu ta bazara a cikin bazara, a ƙarshen Mayu, yayin lokacin bud'ewa.
Nasihu masu amfani ga yan lambu
- Tsohon shuke-shuke Bloom ba haka mai haske da kuma yalwa, amma ya daji iya fara rot. Wannan yakan faru ne da shekaru uku.
- Akwai nau'ikan delphinium waɗanda ba su da saurin kamuwa da cuta - Waɗannan su ne nau'ikan New Zealand waɗanda ba sa buƙatar magani na rigakafi.
- Bayan yin ruwa ko ruwan sama yana da amfani sosai don kwance ƙasa a kewayen shuka.
- Don kula da iyakar haske da kwarjini na inflorescences, ya wajaba don fitar da bushes ɗin. A cikin bazara, lokacin da harbe-harbe suka kai 20 cm, karya fashe ciki, marasa ƙarfi harbe, barin 3-4 harbe a cikin daji.
Dabbar dabbar tana da tsayi kuma tana buƙatar garter don cin gaban rabin-girma- Lokacin da tsirrai suka isa kadada 50 cm, an ɗaure su don kar su karye.
- Delphinium yana da sanyi mai jure sanyi, yana iya tsayayya da koda alamu masu ƙarancin zafi sosai, duk da haka, a lokacin thaws, Tushen tsiron zai iya fara zubar.
Tsarin shimfidar wuri
Delphiniums galibi sune ke samar da wuraren zama masu kyau, tunda wadannan tsire-tsire masu kyawu ne:
| Tall iri | wanda ya dace da yin shinge da ganuwar |
| Matsakaici | yi ado tsakiyar tsakiyar tsarin furanni |
| Mafi ƙasƙanci | dasa a cikin gadaje na fure, kan iyakoki, kwantena |
Wadannan nau'in kuma zasu zama kyakkyawan kayan ado na cikin gida - yankan ƙyallen itace zasu iya tsayawa a cikin kayan ado na kwana 10.
Mafi mashahuri iri
A yau, kusan 400 nau'ikan delphiniums an san su, dukkaninsu sun kasu kashi biyu da na shekara-shekara.
Wannan tsiro tare da nau'in nau'in nau'ikan da ba a saba baMafi mashahuri daga cikinsu sune:
Gimbiya caroline - ɗayan mafi kyawun jinsin, ya kai mita biyu a tsayi, furanni na shuka suna da girma, manya-manyan, launin shuɗi.
Yankin kankara - tsire-tsire masu ƙanshi mai haske, har zuwa 1.5 m high, tare da farin karammiski velvetvet.
Ganye mai ruwan hoda - ƙananan bushes, 80-100 cm, tare da furanni ruwan hoda, siffar mai kama da fuka-fuki mai buɗe ido.
Bayan bin duk ka'idodin da ke sama, yana da sauƙi don haɓaka kyakkyawan ƙoshin lafiya a cikin lambun ku, shin mai zuwa ne na shekara-shekara ko na shekara-shekara. Babban abu shine lura da daidaito na kulawa, kamar yadda yake tare da kowane fure.
