A cikin kayan ado, cherries na Yankin Moscow sune mafi kyawun iri, manzo na farkon zafi mai ɗorewa. Southerner bai yi tushe ba a tsakiyar hanya na dogon lokaci - m flower buds da matasa rassan kasance sanyi. Kokarin da ake maimaita yin kirkirar siffofin ba shi yiwuwa. A tsakiyar karni na karshe a yankuna uku tare da sauyin yanayi, dangane da abin da aka samu a baya. I. V. Michurin siffofin, gudanar ya kawo da yawa irin capricious "Bird Cherry". Don haka ake kira ceri a kudu, inda tsuntsaye suke ɗaukar drupes. Sakamakon aiki na dogon lokaci na masu shayarwa, mafi kyawun nau'in cherries don yankin Moscow na Bryansk, Oryol da ƙungiyar Moscow ta bayyana.
Abubuwan halayyar ɗan adam na fruitan itacen ceri
Ceri mai zaki yana cikin dangin Pink. A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan sama da 4,000 daban-daban, amma duk sun fito daga "ceri tsuntsu". Riesanyen marmari na daji suna girma a yankuna masu ɗumi, suna yin ɓoyayyiyar laka mai girma a cikin gangara. A can, itaciya na iya girma mita 10 a tsayi, tare da rassa a ko'ina. An iyakance shi zuwa mita 4. Ta yankan yankan kwayoyi, ana basu nau'ikan tazara, fan ko tsari na daji.
An dasa seedling mai shekaru biyu, tabbas an haɗa shi. Soilasa don ƙirar matashi na buƙatar haske, takin kuma tare da tsaka tsaki. An sanya itacen a kusurwar kudu ko kudu, tare da kariya mai kyau daga iska. Ruwa na ƙasa ya kamata ya zama mai zurfi sosai, kuma shimfidar ƙasa ya zama na yau da kullun, zai fi dacewa drip. Mafi kyawun nau'in cherries da aka tanada don Yankin Moscow za'a iya sayansu a Cibiyar Nazarin Namiji ta Moscow.
Hanzarta samar da sababbin nau'ikan hanyoyin radiation da sinagenesis sunadarai. Mai shayarwa Evstratov ya yi aiki akan abu mai dasa tare da hasken gamma, kuma yayi amfani da abubuwan motsa jiki. Sakamakon haka, wasu daga cikin sababbin nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje na jihar sun tsayar da zazzabi na -30, samu farkon balaga, da juriya ga rami mai rami. Haɓaka aiki a cikin bazara da sauri yana dawo da kambi bayan sanyi na hunturu.
Daga cikin sabbin nau'ikan cherries da aka kirkira don Yankin Moscow babu wadanda ke da saurin haihuwa. Treeaya daga cikin itaciya za'a iya dasa shi don dalilai na ado. Dole ne a sami nau'i biyu na iri daban-daban. Amma a cikin yanayin ƙasa, zaka iya dasa pollinator a kambi na babban itace akan rassa daban tare da kewaye.
Zai yuwu ku shuka seedling daga zuriya mai zaki, amma bayan hakan, yi alurar riga kafi. Samuwar daji ya fara a farkon shekarar ciyayi. Ana aiwatar da ayyukan aikin gona, kamar yadda sauran Pinks suke. Yi la'akari da mafi kyawun nau'in cherries don tsakiyar Rasha, amfaninsu.
Mafi kyawun irin cherries
Kyakkyawan iri na farkon ripening zai ba mayron duhu, kusan baƙar fata game da gram 6. Pulangaren litattafan almara yana da laushi, ana fentin launin duhu, ƙashi yana ƙarami. Bishiyar itace mai tsayi, kimanin mita 4 a cikin kwanakin farko na Mayu, 'ya'yan itaciyar sun girma a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Yankin yana da sanyi-mai tsaurin sanyi, an jure da tsananin lokacin bazara na 1995-1997 a yankin Bryansk. Fruiting ne shekara-shekara, matsakaici daga shekara ta biyar. Siffar itaciya itace dala. Cututtukan naman gwari ba su da muni don Iput. Berries suna jurewa da sufuri, ana amfani dasu don yin compotes. Kyakkyawan maƙalar pollinator zai zama iri-iri na Fatezh.
Itace mai kyawu, wanda aka dasa tare da maroon, slightlyan ƙaramin elongated na berries, yana ba da amfanin gona a ƙarshen, a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Mai dadi ceri Revna tana nufin nau'in pollinated na kai, itace mai yalwatacce, shekara-shekara. The berries ne mai yawa, m, adana a lokacin kawowa na dogon lokaci.
Ceri mai daɗi yana girma da sauri, ya kai mita 3.5, siffar pyramidal, ganye mai ɗorewa. Cherries shiga fruiting na shekaru 4. Sweet ceri Revna sanyi-resistant, ba yiwuwa ga rami tsagewa da kuma sauran cututtuka da kambi. Yawancin abinci yana ƙaruwa idan budurwa ta girma a kusa.
Cherry Fatezh bred kwanan nan, amma ya nuna mafi kyawun halaye cikin sharuddan yawan amfanin ƙasa da dandano na 'ya'yan itatuwa tsakanin dukkan nau'ikan ƙungiya ta tsakiya. Berry mai matsakaiciyar launin ruwan hoda mai tsayi a farkon Yuli. Rawanin launin rawaya yana warwatse a kan asalin jan 'ya'yan itacen - kyauta daga Leningradskaya rawaya iri-iri. An kiyasta dandanowar 'ya'yan itatuwa ta hanyar tasters a maki 4.7.
Kyakkyawan yanayin tsananin hunturu ya tura cherry gaba arewa. Itace tana da kambi mai tsayi, mai tsiro har zuwa mita 4, ya fara aiki a shekara ta biyar. Flowering ceri Fatezh yana farawa a tsakiyar Mayu. Varietyarancin iri-iri mai saurin-kai yana buƙatar mai aikin pollinator. Chermashnaya, Sinyavskaya ko Crimean cherries ana shuka su ne a cikin biyu. Gwaje-gwaje suna nuna ƙarancin yawan amfanin itacen ɓarawon shekaru na shekaru 4 a kilogiram 16.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da iri-iri sun haɗa da juriya ga cutar, haƙuri da rashin ruwa lokaci-lokaci. Dole ne a kiyaye itacen daga iska - baya jurewa.
Cherry Tyutchevka nasa ne ga marigayi-ripening iri. Itace mai matsakaiciyar girma, tare da kambin fure mai kauri, damuna-hunturu, yana tsayayya da rami-kamar zano. Rashin haihuwa na cherries ana ganin babbar amfani. Fruiting yana faruwa shekaru 5 bayan dasa.
A berries manyan, har zuwa 7 grams, zagaye, burgundy tare da baki subcutaneous dige. A ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da dandano mai daɗi, launi ja, dutse shine matsakaici, a sauƙaƙe shi.
Yawan amfanin ƙasa na shekara-shekara yana ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ke tattare da nau'ikan Tyutchevka.
Bryanskaya Pink mai laushi mai laushi, mai kwakwalwa na Bryansk mai shayarwa Kanshina da Astakhov, an zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin masu alkawarin ga tsakar tsakiya dangane da tsananin buƙatu don jimrewa. Manyan furanni masu ruwan hoda, suna da kyau. A iri-iri nasa ne zuwa marigayi-ripening, blooms a tsakiyar Mayu, ya shirya don girbi a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Yuli. Fruiting ne na yau da kullum, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ne barga a lokacin sufuri, kar a crack. A cikin ruwa sama sosai, 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke ba su rot.
Itace karami ne, yayi girma ta 2,5 m, kambi ya ƙyalli, ganyayyaki sunada yawa. Amfanin iri-iri shine juriyarsa na sanyi kuma ana kiyaye shi daga cutrefactive, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Crimean zaki da ceri ba shi da halaye na 'ya'yan itace, amma shine mafi kyawun pollinator don cherry na rashin haihuwa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari kaɗan, tare da astringency na ceri tsuntsu, suna yin kyakkyawan giya. Yawancin shine hunturu-Hardy, bred kuma an gwada shi a cikin Kursk, Tula Moscow yankuna. Abin da ya sa suka kira Crimean - tatsuniya daga marubucin.
Orlovskaya ceri ruwan hoda ya fi dukkan nau'ikan sanyi juriya. Bayan gwajin sanyi na digiri 37.5, itaciyar ta ci gaba da yin 'ya'ya. A iri ne farkon, ya ba na farko da amfanin gona a shekara ta huɗu bayan dasa. Oryol ruwan hoda shine mara-kai, pollinators na iya zama iri-iri waɗanda suka girma a tsakiyar watan Mayu - Rechitsa, lu'ulu'u mai ruwan hoda. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa daga itace shine 10 kilogiram, 'ya'yan itacen sunkai kimanin gra 6.
A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa rami rami.
Kimiyya ba ta tsayawa ba, ci gaba da bincike da gwaje-gwaje. Ana gwada su kuma suna da kyawawan kyawawan sababbin sababbin iri. Kuna iya samun ƙwayoyin su a tashoshin gwaje-gwaje, amma kuna buƙatar ajiye takaddar haɓaka shuka don taimakawa masana kimiyya su sami mafi kyawun rumfa da ƙyalli mai kyau ga yankin Moscow.
