Nephrolepis yanki ne na cikin gida wanda ya zo mana daga yankin mai zafi da kuma yankin ƙasa. Da farko, ya shahara sosai a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, har ma da ƙasashen Afirka da Amurka. Nephrolepis nasa ne ga halittar ferns.
Baya ga bayyanar ta, wannan shuka tana jawo hankalin mutane ta hanyar kaddarorin kamar tsabtace iska. Nephrolepis na iya ɗaukar abubuwa kamar su formaldehyde da toluene ba tare da ƙoƙari mai yawa ba. Bugu da kari, wannan tsiron yana kashe ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda marasa lafiya suka saki cikin iska. Abin da ya sa ana iya samun nephrolepis sau da yawa a cikin taga taga a asibitoci da cibiyoyin likita.
Don haɓaka kyakkyawa na wannan fern, ana bada shawara don amfani da masu rataye, saboda a cikin tukwane talakawa nephrolepis alama mara kyau.
Shahararrun nau'ikan da nau'ikan nephrolepis
Nephrolepis yana da ire-irensu da yawa, amma a gida zaka iya girma biyu ne kawai daga cikin nau'ikanta - nephrolepis na daukaka da zuciya nephrolepis.
Wadannan jinsunan wannan tsire-tsire ana ɗaukar su ne mafi yawan abubuwa:
Fuskar Nephrolepis
Wannan nau'in wannan tsire-tsire shine mafi yawan gama gari kuma mafi sauki shine girma a gida. Tana da tushe mai tsayi sosai, ganyaye yana da girma, sau ɗaya pinnate. Irin wannan fure kusan ba ya amsa canje-canje a cikin yanayin zafi.
Kasar Nephrolepis Boston
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, an yi irin wannan fure a Amurka, wato a Boston. Amma wannan bai dakatar da masu shayarwa daga wasu ƙasashe ba, kuma bayan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, Boston nephrolepis ya bayyana a cikin duniya tare da biyu-pinnate, uku-pinnate, har ma da ƙaramin adadin tare da hudu-ped wai.
Zuciyar Nephrolepis
Wannan nau'in nephrolepis yana samun saurin shahara a tsakanin masoya tsirrai na cikin gida. Mahimmin bambanta da sauran nau'in nephrolepis. Babban bambance-bambance shi ne cewa a cikin jirgin harbe akwai bloating a cikin hanyar tubers, da kuma ci gaban ganye an miƙa kai tsaye sama.
Xiphoid nephrolepis
An fara girma a Amurka ta Tsakiya. Ya bambanta da sauran nau'in ta hanyar dogon ganye mai ban mamaki, tare da kulawa da kyau na shuka, zasu iya kaiwa mita biyu a tsayi.
Uwargida Green Fuskar
Irin wannan nau'in nephrolepis yana da ganyayen ganye wanda suke kambi da rhizome. Yana daya daga cikin kyawawan nau'ikan wannan shuka.
Nephrolepis - girma da kulawa gida
Duk da gaskiyar cewa zaku iya girma a gida kawai nau'ikan nephrolepis biyu ne - babu maka wahala. Ko da sabon shiga ma zai iya kula da wannan. Babban abu shine kada kuyi aiki kwatsam kuma ku sami masaniya da ainihin dabarun don kula da nephrolepis.
Wuri da Haske
Babban aikin a lokacin da kake kula da fern shine zaɓar yanayin hasken da ya dace. Kamar yadda ka sani, wannan shuka fi son duhu wurare, don haka sanya shi a cikin bude rana ne tsananin haramta. Amma wannan baya nufin cewa kana buƙatar sanya nephrolepis a cikin duhu a kusurwar gidan. Kawai sanya shi a inda karamin inuwa yake, kuma haskoki na rana sun watse.
Idan ba zai yiwu a sanya nephrolepis a ƙarƙashin wata hanyar haske ta zahiri ba, to, zaku iya maye gurbin ta da fitila ta musamman. Tare da wutar lantarki ta mutum, dole ne a sanya nephrolepis a ƙarƙashin fitilar aƙalla awanni da yawa a rana.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, babu matsaloli tare da sanya nephrolepis a cikin ɗakin, saboda godiya ga kamanninsa ya dace daidai cikin nau'ikan ciki daban-daban.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine a sanya nephrolepis akan windows windows na gabas da yamma windows. Idan gidanka ba shi da windows yana fuskantar gabas ko yamma, kuma a duk shekara ana haskaka windows ta rana, to babu buƙatar asarar zuciya, zaku iya sanya nephrolepis a ɗan nesa (aƙalla 1 mita) daga tagogin. Kuna iya amfani da kyakkyawan tasha ko kayan ado na furanni - da alama za'ayi tun asali.
A lokacin rani, za a iya motsa nephrolepis zuwa baranda. A zahiri, mutum bai manta cewa ya kamata a sanya shuka a wuri mai duhu ba. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ruwan sama ba ya sauka a cikin nephrolepis - wannan zai cutar da ci gaba da girma na shuka.
A cikin kaka da hunturu, nephrolepis dole ne ya kasance a cikin ɗakin dumi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ɗaukar shi daga baranda. Nephrolepis zai ji cikakke idan a cikin lokutan sanyi za a shirya shi tare da walƙiyar wucin gadi ta amfani da fitila, kuna buƙatar haskaka shuka aƙalla 6-7 a rana.
Zazzabi
Ba tare da la'akari da lokaci na shekara ba, mafi yawan zafin jiki mafi girma don haɓaka wannan nau'in fern shine digiri 20-22. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa nephrolepis zai iya tsira daga digo a cikin zafin jiki ta hanyar digiri 12, amma wannan na iya zama mai matukar damuwa ga shuka kuma ya haifar da cututtuka da yawa ko kwari.
Jin zafi
Baya ga haske, matakin zafi yana da tasiri sosai ga ci gaban nephrolepis. Don shuka, zai fi dacewa ya kasance a cikin ɗaki inda matakin laima yake sosai. Wannan shi ne saboda inda wannan fern ya fito - a cikin yanayi mai zafi akwai koyaushe akwai babban matakin zafi.
Idan nephrolepis ya girma a cikin wani ɗaki ko ofis, wajibi ne a fesa shi kullun da ruwa. A cewar wasu kwararrun masu noman fure, an fi yin feshi ba sau daya ba, amma sau biyu ko sau uku a rana.
Kawai tare da feshin yau da kullun da ruwa za'a iya samar da nephrolepis tare da matakan danshi da suka wajaba. A cikin yanayin inda ba zai yiwu a fesa shuka a kullun da ruwa ba (alal misali, tafiya zuwa teku ko kan tafiya ta kasuwanci), zaku iya sanya kwantena cike da ruwa kusa da fern - wannan zai ƙasƙantar da iska kusa da nephrolepis.
Watse
Wajibi ne a sha ruwa nephrolepis yau da kullun kuma a lokaci guda kada ku manta game da fesawa tare da ruwa, wanda kuma yana buƙatar yin sau biyu ko sau uku a rana. Idan a cikin yanayin hunturu zaka iya mantawa game da shayar da shuka, to, a lokacin rani ya kamata ka sha ruwa daɗaɗɗa. Tare da farkon kaka, zaku iya canzawa zuwa tsarin shayarwa bayan kwana ɗaya, amma kuna buƙatar ci gaba da fesa shuka a daidai yanayin bazara.
Da takin mai magani da takin zamani
Wannan nau'in fern yana buƙatar ciyarwa ta yau da kullun kuma akai-akai. Nephrolepis musamman yana buƙatar babban riguna a cikin kaka da bazara. Don saka miya, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin ƙasa da takin gargajiya (cikin tsari).
An haramta yin takin shuka a cikin lokacin daga tsakiyar kaka zuwa ƙarshen hunturu, tunda tasirin ƙasa akan wannan lokacin na iya haifar da kwari. Kada a mai da takin mai magani ba.
Juyawa
Domin nephrolepis ya sami lafiya sosai a kowace shekara kuma ba shi da wasu cututtuka, ya zama dole don aiwatar da ƙwayar fern a kowace shekara. Zai fi kyau dasa shuki da shuka a lokacin bazara. Shuke-shuke da suka riga sun fi shekaru uku sun isa su canzawa kowace shekara 2-3.
Idan kun lura cewa tukunyar da ke cikin nephrolepis tayi girma tuni, to ba kwa buƙatar barin komai kamar haka - zai fi kyau a dasa shuki a cikin babban akwati. Wannan zai hanzarta aiwatar da haɓakar fure. Zai fi kyau dasa shuka a cikin cakuda ƙasa na peat da ƙasar coniferous.
Tukunya don girma nephrolepis dole ne ya kasance mai fadi kuma mai rauni. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa tushen tsarin nephrolepis na sama ne. A kasan tukunyar kana buƙatar zuba pebbles ko yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa - wannan zai samar da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa da ɓataccen ruwa. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, to ana iya lura da yadda ake sarrafa ruwa da acidation na ƙasa, wanda, bi da bi, yakan haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Sake bugun nephrolepis
Yaduwa na fern nephrolepis mai yiwuwa ne a cikin hanyoyi biyu: harbe da rarrabuwa.
Misali, yin manyan tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, ana iya raba babban daji na nephrolepis. Idan nephrolepis yana yaduwa ta hanyar harbe, to, kuna buƙatar sanya karamin tukunya kusa da ƙaramin daji kuma yayyafa fiɗa na matasa na shuka tare da cakuda ƙasa wadda aka shirya a baya. Ba da daɗewa ba a cikin sabon tukunya ya kafa vayi da asalinsu. Bayan 3-4 vayas girma, za a iya dasa shuka matasa daga fure mai girma.
Za'a iya rarrabuwar Rhizome kawai bayan ganye matasa suka bayyana a bangarorin. Wadannan bangarorin tare da rhizomes waɗanda aka watsa su cikin sabon tukunya.
Matsaloli Lokacin da Ci gaban Nephrolepis
A lokacin haɓakar nephrolepis a gida, wasu alamu na iya bayyana cewa shuka ba shi da daɗi. Misali, idan aka lura da duhu duhu akan fern, to tabbas hakan yana iya zama wahalar rana sosai. Don magance wannan matsala, ya zama dole don sake dasa shuki a cikin inuwa kuma kar a manta game da shayarwa da feshi da ruwa.
Idan an lura da bayyanar da lalacewar a jikin nephrolepis, to, wataƙila dalilin shine cewa ana lura da tsayayyen ruwa a cikin tukunyar. Ta wata hanyar, kun zuba ruwa mai yawa a cikin fure. Don magance matsala irin wannan, ya zama dole a bushe ƙasa baki ɗaya, kuma bayan wannan ci gaba da shayar da shuka (yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a sake overdo shi).
Idan nephrolepis ya fara bushewa, kuna buƙatar neman dalilin ko dai a yanayin shayarwa (ba a shayar da shuka sosai) ko kuma a cikin hasken wuta (shuka ba shi da isasshen haske). A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawara don sake shirya fern a cikin wani, mafi wuri mai haske kuma tabbatar da sanya ƙasa.
Idan ferns bai ga karuwa ba na dogon lokaci, wannan na iya zama saboda rashin sarari a cikin tukunyar. Kawai zaku canza dashi furen a cikin tukunya mafi girma.
Cutar da kwari
Tare da kulawa da rashin kyau game da nephrolepis, ana iya shafa shi ta hanyar cututtuka daban-daban ko kwari. Misali, idan nephrolepis bashi da danshi a cikin iska, to gizo-gizo gizo-gizo na iya bayyana a bisan sa. Wani lokaci, abin da ya faru na ƙwayar kwari. An bayyana bayyanar wani mealybug da lalacewa a cikin yanayin ganyayyaki, ana lura da lalacewa ta waje akan su.
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, nephrolepis ba kawai zai gamsar da ku da kyakkyawan bayyanar da kyau ba, har ma ya inganta lafiyar ku ta hanyar tsaftace iska da ƙwayoyin cuta.
