Asiatic hybrids ba kawai mafi unpretentious tsakanin duk kungiyoyin lilies, amma kuma mafi bambancin launi. Daga cikinsu zaka iya samun furannin furanni don kowane, har ma da ɗanɗano da aka ɗanɗano. Don saukaka daidaituwa, a tsakanin nau'ikan samari iri na Asiya, sun kasu kashi-kashi.
Lily 'Pink Twinkle'. Yor saboyorkbotanicalgardenBayanin da fasahar aikin gona
Kasar gona: Hybridabilar Asiya, kamar iyayensu, ba su girma a cikin ƙasa mai narkewa, fifita tsaka tsaki ko ɗan acidic da ingantattun takwarorinsu.
Gudun ruwa: Mafi yawan nau'ikan nau'ikan halittar Asiya suna fure a cikin ƙasa a kan Yuli 5-15. A farkon iri dake Bloom a cikin rabin na biyu na Yuni, kuma sababbi a cikin na biyu rabin Yuli.
Kwakwalwa: Partangare na nau'ikan wannan rukunin wannan rukunin da aka gādo daga Lig Tigig (Lillium llium tigrinum) da Lilium bulbiferous (Lillium llium bulbiferum) ikon samar da kwararan fitila mai kara, wanda irin waɗannan nau'ikan ke sauƙin yadawa. Wannan yanayin ya ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar rarrabuwar Asiya a cikin lambuna na Rasha.
Tsarin iri: Propagate da kyau ta hanyar tsaba, amma duk da saurin shuka, ƙwayoyin su yana ƙasa da 70%, saboda haka wajibi ne don shuka iri mai yawa.
Bishiyar juriya: Wadannan 'ya'yan itace suna da matukar wahala kuma basa cikin tsari.
Daban-daban iri: Asiatic hybrids sune furannin fure mafi dacewa da yanayin Central Russia. Daban-daban na wannan rukunin suna da mafi yawan launuka a launi, tsarin fure, tsayi da lokacin fure. Haƙƙin zamani na wannan rukuni yana da yawa sosai, amma ɗaruruwan ɗaruruwan sababbin suna fitowa kowace shekara.
Lily 'Lantarki'. Yor saboyorkbotanicalgardenTarihin zaɓi
Jinsin na Asiya ya zama ruwan dare a cikin shekarun 1950, lokacin da kungiyar matasan Amurka ta Mid-Century (aka fassara ta da “Mid Century”) daga nan sai Jan De Graf ya buga shi. Da farko, a cikin wannan rukunin ya kasance furannin fure tare da furanni ruwan lemo ko ja. Koyaya, a cikin 1950, Kanad na S. Peterson ya sami nasarar haye matsayin Lily na David (Wilmott) tare da Lily of drooping (Lillium cernuum). Wannan gicciye a cikin mahimmanci ba shi da ƙima ga bayyanar halittar Orleans, kamar yadda aka ba da izinin samun sabon launi daga hybrids Asiya. Dyes (anthocyanins) na Lilyum mai narkewa (Lillium cernuum), tare da furannin furanni masu launin lilac-pink, lokacin da aka haye tare da nau'ikan da ke dauke da flavonoids, sun haifar zuriya tare da tsaran kwayoyin halitta da siffofin tare da lilac, ruwan hoda da fari furanni. Saboda haka akwai da dama White Princess. Abubuwan da suka biyo baya sun haifar da bayyanar daukacin rukunin furanni masu furanni masu launuka masu haske da furanni masu ƙyalƙyali.
Tsarin zaɓi a cikin wannan rukunin yana nufin ƙirƙirar iri tare da launuka masu haske, launi ɗaya, launi biyu, ko furanni masu launi uku. Abubuwan haɓaka na Asiya tare da furanni na rawani na launuka daban-daban, waɗanda suke da sauƙi da sauƙi don girma akan kusan kowane ƙasa mai gonar, suma sun zama na gaye. Kyau iri iri masu kyau da furanni biyu an goge su, kamar su Aphrodite (ruwan hoda), Sphinx (ja), Fata Morgana (rawaya).
Lily 'OJ'.
Siffofin Girma
Za'a iya girma hatsi na Asiya a wuri guda ba tare da dasawa ba har tsawon shekaru 3-4. Shekaru 4-5, da tsawo na peduncle yana raguwa da lura, yawan adadin buds, wanda ke nufin kwan fitila ya ragu kuma ya raunana, kuma wannan na iya haifar da cututtuka da mutuwar shuka. Samuwar yawancin gajeriyar rashin tushe mai tushe a kusa da babban tushe yana nuna kusan tsarin da aka samar da kwararan fitila, wanda ke nufin cewa lokaci yayi da za a tono ciyawar kwan fitila, a hankali raba da dasa shi a wani sabon wuri. Kuma a wannan wuri bai kamata ku shuka tsire-tsire na bulbous ba har shekara biyu.
Sabon sabbin kwararan fitila da yakamata ya kamata a dasa su a wuri mai ɗorewa da wuri-wuri. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to sai a adana su a wuri mai sanyi a zazzabi ba ƙasa da sifili ba, a rufe su da gansakuka, ko cikin yashi mai wanke, ko cikin peat. Kwan fitila mai lily ta ƙunshi sikeli mai suturar fata ba tare da daskararren sutura ta waje ba, ba ta da lokacin ƙazanta, sabili da haka bai yi haƙuri da shan wahala ba. Idan kun sami kwan fitila mai bushe, to, zaku iya dawo da dutsen ta hanyar tsayawa kwanaki da yawa kafin dasa shuki a cikin yashin rigar ko gansakuka.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin dindindin wuri, ya kamata a kawar da sikeli mai lalacewa da tsofaffin Tushen bushe. Ana shuka 'yan asalin Asiya a cikin ƙasa a farkon - tsakiyar Satumba ko a cikin bazara a ƙarshen Afrilu - Mayu. Zurfin dasa kwan fitila ya dogara da girmanta, kuma akan abun da aka kera na kasar kuma ya yi daidai da 15-20 cm daga kasa zuwa doron kasa. An shuka hybrids na Asiya a cikin ƙasa wanda aka riga aka shirya tare da pH na 6-6.5, wanda ya kunshi loam, peat, humus da takin da ya bushe, abincin kashi da ash. Kyale da gabatarwar cikakken takin ma'adinai tare da abubuwan ganowa. An gabatar da yashi a ciki da kewaye da kwan fitila. Furannin fure, kamar dukkan tsire-tsire masu kwan fitila, ba zasu iya jure sabon kwayoyin halitta da yalwar takin nitrogen ba. Ana sarrafa ƙasa zuwa zurfin 40 cm daga farfajiya. Lilies ba su yi haƙuri danshi stagnation.
Lily 'Orange Art'. . F. D. RichardsHybridabilar Asiya al'adu ne na hoto. Girma Asians a cikin inuwa ba a ba da shawarar ba, tunda a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayin tsirran tsire-tsire na iya tanƙwara a wani kusurwa na 45 ° zuwa gefen haske. Hanyar aikin gona mai mahimmanci shine mulching. Kauri daga ciyawa mai ciyawa yakamata ya zama akalla cm 5. Zai iya zama kwalliyar Pine, zuriyar lilin, bambaro, ganyayen bishiyar.
Manyan riguna suna da mahimmanci musamman a yayin ƙirƙirar buds kuma a mataki na matsewa. A lokacin fure bai kamata a hadu dashi ba, yalwar abinci yana haifar da saurin kammala fure. Ana buƙatar suturar ƙarshe ta ƙarshe tare da mafi yawan takin mai magani na potash don dawo da kwan fitila da aka raunana ta hanyar fure kuma ana aiwatar da shi ba daga 15 Agusta ba.
Bayan fure, yakamata a cire furanni wilted tare da gidan kwai, hana samuwar zuriya. A Satumba, lokacin da ganye fara juya launin rawaya, tushe ya kamata a datsa a matakin ƙasa. Dry cut mai tushe ba su dace da takin gargajiya ba, ya kamata a ƙone su.
Iri daban-daban
Asiatic hybrids ba kawai mafi unpretentious tsakanin duk kungiyoyin lilies, amma kuma mafi bambancin launi. Daga cikinsu zaka iya samun furannin furanni don kowane, har ma da ɗanɗano da aka ɗanɗano. Don saukaka daidaituwa, a tsakanin nau'ikan samari iri na Asiya, sun kasu kashi-kashi.
Lily 'Marquee'.
Kwanan nan, 'yan' kunanan 'yan kwalliya suna samun karbuwa sosai. Wani fasali na alamomin gogewa shine kasancewar ɗamarar shafawa akan kowane tefals. Siffar smear na iya zama da bambanci sosai daga shanyewar fensir zuwa ɗammen babban shafa. Zai iya zama launin ruwan kasa mai haske, launin rawaya mai haske, cream, plum ja da shuɗi mai duhu. Launin launin shafawa yakan dogara da yanayin. A cikin wannan rukunin, Ilya cultivars (cream, orange a cikin tsakiyar, tabo mai duhu), Vengard (furanni-orange mai haske tare da fili mai kyau na ja), Rostani (apricot mai haske tare da duhu), Zhuravinka (ja tare da tabo mai duhu) abin lura ne. ), Zorka Venus (apricot mai haske, daskararre ja). Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun wakilan wannan rukunin shine iri - Delta. Rawaya mai kauri tare da shanyewar launin ruwan kasa Lily kawai yana mamakin tare da tsawon lokacin fure.
Daban-daban na rukuni mai launi biyu suna da matukar kyau, kuma ya kamata a lura cewa wannan sunan ya fi sabani ne, tunda yawanci akwai sauran launuka, launi na iya tafiya daga sautin zuwa wani. Yankunan Asennaya Farba (ja tare da cibiyar ruwan lemo ba tare da tartsatsi ba), Sorbet (ruwan hoda tare da farin cibiyar), Grand Cru (rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da launin ja mai haske a gindin furannin) sun tabbatar da kansu da kyau.
Kuma furannin furannin Tango suna da tarko mai ƙarfi a tsakiyar furen sune kawai ƙira-ƙira. Kyakkyawan wakilin Tango shine Jason iri-iri - rawaya tare da adadin kwalliyar launin ruwan kasa!
Masu son ƙananan tsire-tsire na iya samun nau'ikan ban sha'awa a cikin ƙaramin rukuni na Pixy. Wannan rukunin ya haɗa da ƙananan nau'ikan, tsayin su ba ya wuce 30 - 40 cm. Butter Pixie iri-iri (manyan furanni ruwan lemo-rawaya tare da gwal na zinare) sun nuna kanta sosai a ƙasarmu.
Har ila yau, nau'ikan Terry suna bayyana a tsakanin matasan mutanen Asiya. Fata Morgana iri daban-daban suna girma kuma suna fure sosai.
Lily 'Royal Trinity'.
Yawancin nau'ikan hybrids na Asiya suna da kyau sosai cewa shekaru da yawa sun kasance kawai hits bazara a cikin Krasnoyarsk. Leopard iri-iri tare da manyan fararen furanni tare da yellowness, cibiyar ƙara ɗan koren itace da ɗan asirin baya barin kowa da komai. Ya yi kama sosai a kan tushen Blackbird - mai duhu sosai iri-iri tare da sabon abu gwoza-burgundy launi. Daga cikin nau'ikan ruwan hoda, Azurra sanannen abu ne - launin rawaya mai ɗanɗanowa kaɗan na azurfa tare da gefuna ƙanƙanin wuta. Ana iya kiranta Loud Gold ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun furanni na rawaya. A inflorescence na wannan iri-iri ne da gaske musamman - har zuwa 22 furanni - maye gurbin cikakken bouquet! Daga cikin nau'ikan ja, zaku iya bada shawarar Miss Alice, launin ya zama ja sosai, mai taushi mai haske, filayen itace mai dumbin yawa, sarari sosai, kuma tsayin tsinkaye ya kai 1.5 m. Kada ku rasa farkon fari-fure-fure - Aristo, yashi mai haske mai haske, zai zama cibiyar fure abun da ke ciki
Cutar da kwari
A cikin sanyi, yanayin rigar, lilies suna da sauƙin lalacewa ta hanyar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ta fungal. Da farko, launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi yana bayyana akan ganyen ganye, sannan sai raunukan suka faɗaɗa, suna kama ganyayyaki da kumburi. Abubuwan da ke haifar da su kamar canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi da zafi mai ƙarfi suna tasiri kan ci gaban wannan cutar, saboda haka kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ke da iska mai kyau don dasa furannin fure.
Don hana ƙwayar cuta ta botritis, yana da amfani sosai don zubar da lilin lokacin da mai tushe ya kai 8 - 10 cm a cikin abun da ke ciki:
- a cikin lita 5 na ruwan zafi 1 tbsp. cokali na jan karfe,
- a cikin 5 lita na ruwan sanyi sake 1 tbsp. cokali na ammoniya da 1 tbsp. cokali na soda ash. Muna haɗuwa da mafita, kuma an zubar da maganin sulfate na tagulla (da ake buƙata) a cikin maganin ammoniya. Mun zube daga ruwa kamar yadda gwargwadon m matakan.
Lily 'Rawaya'.
Idan botritis ya fara bayyana akan lilin, to lallai za ku fesa lilin da ruwan Bordeaux ko Burgundy (3 sprays a kowace kakar). Idan aka yi rashin nasara mai ƙarfi tare da ƙwayar cuta, muna fidda filayen fure tare da foundationazole ko phytosporin kowane mako 2. Botritis baya cutar da kwan fitila, don haka ingantaccen shuka zai iya girma daga gare ta a shekara mai zuwa.
Sau da yawa a tsakanin furannin furanni, akwai irin wannan cuta kamar rot na albasa na kwan fitila, fusarium. Dalilin hakan shine rashin kulawa da shuka, rashin magudanan ruwa, amfanin sabo taki, karancin ruwa. A wannan yanayin, don adana shuka, an kwararan kwararan fitila, an wanke shi da kyau kuma yana da shekaru a cikin maganin baseazole na rabin sa'a, bai kamata a kiyaye shi ba: Tushen na iya mutuwa ya mutu.
Cututtukan hoto na fure da filayen fure sun fi hatsari a gare su fiye da na naman kaza, tunda ba shi yiwuwa a warkar da su. Haka kuma, furannin fure suna da saukin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta iri ɗaya waɗanda wasu furanni da tsirrai na da. Idan a cikin furannin furanni akwai samfurin tare da girman fure da uncharacteristic na launi don wannan iri-iri, mai tushe mai tushe, tare da shanyewar fuka-fukai ko kan tabo, kuna buƙatar kawar da wannan shuka da wuri-wuri. Kada ka yi nadama, wannan zai adana tarinka.
Karka taɓa dasa furannin fure a wuraren da tulips da sauran kwararan fitila suka yi girma. Tulips suna da matukar saurin kamuwa da cutar virus. A cikin furanni, wannan cutar tana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin latent form. Kuma lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta zama sananne a yawancin tsire-tsire, zai zama da wahala sosai don adana tarin.
Lily 'Kananan Icon'.
Sau da yawa masu ɗaukar cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri sune kwari. Sabili da haka, lokaci-lokaci kare lambun ku daga gare su, zaku adana tsirranku daga matsaloli kamar ƙwayoyin cuta. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu kyau da ƙarfi suna da ƙarancin fama da cututtuka da kwari, kuma suna da ikon yin tsayayya da kamuwa da cuta da kansu.
Abubuwan girke-girken Asiya har yanzu sun fi kama-karya, sun girma kusan ko'ina, har ma a cikin permafrost a Alaska. A lokacin tsananin sanyi, an yanke ciyawar furanni a matakin ƙasa saboda kar su tashi sama da murfin dusar ƙanƙara.
