Lokacin kwanciya lambu, yan lambu suna da 'yancin zaɓar daga dama da iri da kuma girbin albarkatun' ya'yan itace. Daga cikin mafi mashahuri shine ceri na Molodezhnaya, kwatancin ire-ire zai taimaka wa masu mallakar dabarun gida suyi nazari sosai ga tsirrai da kuma samun yawan amfanin ƙasa daga gare ta.
Yawancin zaɓi na cikin gida sun shiga cikin Rajistar Jiha a cikin 1993. A cikin wannan ɗan gajeren lokaci na 'ya'yan itace bishiyoyi, lodeanyen Molodezhnaya da aka nuna a cikin hoto sun sami nasarar lashe kyakkyawar karɓar lambu da yawa a yankin na Tsakiya, inda ake zanowa. Me ya bayyana shahararren al'ada? Mene ne sifofin iri-iri?
Bayanin Youthan Matasa
Farkon nasarar nasarar shine zaɓi na iyayen biyu don sabon al'adun al'adu. Don kiwo, masu shayarwa na Cibiyar Dabbobi da Nursery na Duk-Rasha sun ɗauki tsohuwar, gwajin da aka daɗe da kyakkyawan tsari. H.D. Enikeev da S.N. Ba a kuskure Satarov ba. Cherry Vladimirskaya da Lyubskaya sun isar da kyawawan abubuwan su ga sabon shuka.
Kamar ceri Vladimir, nau'in Molodezhnaya mallakar al'adun daji ne-iri-iri. Matsakaici ko tsire-tsire masu tsayi sun isa tsayin mita 2-2.5, fara fara 'ya'yan itace yana da shekaru 3-4, kuma tare da kulawa da kyau don shekaru 15-20 daga itacen, zaku iya samun kilogiram 10 10-12 na sabo mai sabo. Itatuwa suna da kambi mai fadi-zagaye ko drooping, baya da saurin wuce kima kuma yana ba ku damar girbi cikin sauƙi ba tare da amfani da matakala ko wasu na'urori ba.
Ana haifar da ƙwayoyin kwalayen cherries na Matasa iri-iri akan harbe na shekaru, kuma kusan dukkanin buds banda wanda ke apical na iya zama fure. Saboda wannan fasalin, bishiyoyin suna kama da kullun bayan an girbe su. Saboda haka a tsawon lokaci, fruiting ba ya mayar da hankali ba kawai a kan rawanin kambi, ainihin dabarun aikin gona, musamman ma lokacin girbi-masara, yana da mahimmanci.
Dangane da bayanin iri-iri, riesanyen Matasa suna da haske kore, mai karen ganye. A harbe suna riƙe da gajeren ƙarfi petioles na launin kore-launin ruwan kasa. Tsarin tsakiya na fili bayyane bayyane. Bwararren ganye na matsakaici a waje suna santsi da duhu fiye da baya.
Furanni masu nunin furanni masu nauyin 1.8 zuwa 3 cm ana tattara su cikin inflorescences of 5-7 guda. Tsawon pistil kusan daidai yake da tsinkayen turakun, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga pollination har ma a cikin rufaffiyar toho. Farar fata a lamba.
Tun da yake wannan nau'in cherries mai wadatarwa ne, koda lokacin dasa shuki daya bishiya, ba za'a bar mai lambu ba tare da amfanin gona ba. Ovaries, musamman ma a cikin yanayi mai kyau, idan an samu isasshen ƙwayoyin kwari a cikin masse.
Cherwararrun ƙwararrakin Molodezhnaya iri-iri sun haɗu a rabi na biyu ko a ƙarshen Yuli kuma suna da nauyin 4,5, wanda yake da kyau sosai ga yawancin da ake nufi don tsakiyar Rasha. Siffar 'ya'yan itacen oval, launin launi ne mai zurfi.
Dankalin turaren tsami da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kamar ceri na Vladimir, suna da launuka da yawa. Za a iya cire dutsen cikin sauƙin daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, yayin da itacen m ba ya shafawa kuma ana iya amfani dashi a kowane nau'in adana gida. Dadi mai daɗi da ɗanɗano na ɗanɗano cikakke suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan.
Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan fasahar kere kere na cherries Matasa
Lodean wasan molodezhnaya sun makara. Lokacin girbi ba ya fara da 20 ga Yuli kuma zai kasance har zuwa farkon kwanakin watan Agusta. Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan wannan nau'in amfanin gona da aka girma a Rasha ba, Molodezhnaya shuka ne mai cin gashin kansa. Wato, samuwar gidan kwai na faruwa ne a lokacin da kwayar pollen ta lalata kwaro daga wannan itacen. Koyaya, saboda babban haɗarin mutuwar pollen a low, game da digiri 8-12, zafin jiki, ba lallai ba ne don iyakance kai da itacen ceri ɗaya a cikin maƙarƙashiya.
Don samun ingantaccen amfanin gona na shekara-shekara, ana dasa bishiyoyi a nesa na mita 3-4 daga juna. A wannan yanayin, ƙudan zuma isa ga tsire-tsire masu fure zai ƙetare-pollinate, samar da babban taimako ga gonar da maigidan.
Kyakkyawan maƙwabta don cherries Molodezhnaya zai zama iri tare da lokutan fure na kusa, alal misali, Lyubskaya, Shubinka, Morozovka, Turgenevka. Don nau'in yara marasa galihu da aka shuka a nan kusa, Matasa Cherry shine pollinator wanda ke samar da amfanin gona na ƙoshin lafiya mai ƙoshin lafiya.
Ofaya daga cikin fa'idodin ire-ire iri-iri da aka bayyana za a iya la'akari da su, tare da ceri Vladimir, ƙarancin hunturu Koyaya, yan lambu na yankin Moscow da kuma wasu yankuna na arewa suna buƙatar tuna cewa fure mai laushi sun fi fuskantar haɗari a lokacin sanyi fiye da gangar jikin da rassan kwarangwal, don haka a wurare don cherries sun sami wuraren da aka rufe daga iska, kuma ana iya rufe kambi da dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu.
Itatuwan bishiyoyin da aka dasa lokacin bazara suna cikin sabon haɗarin. Dangane da bayanin cherries, varietyan Matashi ba sa jure wa irin waɗannan cututtukan dutse masu haɗari kamar su moniliosis da coccomycosis. Musamman sau da yawa tare da cututtukan fungal, bishiyoyi suna shafar rigar, lokacin rani da lokacin bazara.
Asiri na samar da ceri iri Matasa
Don haka an nuna ceri ɗin Molodezhnaya a cikin hoto a kai a kai yana jin daɗin girbi mai kyau, mai aikin lambu yana buƙatar kulawa da ta'aziyya da lafiyar tsire-tsire. Fara daga zabar meta don saukowa. Cherries ba sa son kusancin ruwan ƙasa, ƙasa mai nauyi mai yawa da iska mai sanyi, waɗanda ke da haɗari musamman a lokacin fure da samuwar ovary.
Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da wuraren da aka kiyaye shi daga iska, amma a buɗe gaba ɗaya ga rana, don ƙwallan cherry.
Ana saukowa ƙasa a farkon lokacin bazara ko kaka. Kamar yadda ake shuka abu, ana amfani da 'ya'yan shekara guda ko shekara biyu:
- Plantswararrun tsire-tsire suna fara bada 'ya'ya 2-3 bayan dasa.
- Itatuwan da aka tattara tare da kyawawan halaye na yanayi na iya jinkiri don farkon berries.
Don haɓaka abokantaka da kuma saurin rarrabewa, ana ƙara abubuwa masu kyau da haɓaka abubuwan haɓaka ma'adinan a cikin rami na dasa shuki. Sa'an nan itãce, a kai a kai ciyar, amma kar ka manta da cewa wani wuce haddi na nitrogen take kaiwa zuwa taro samuwar greenery, wanda janyo hankalin deciduous da tsotsa kwari, kuma a cikin kaka hana shuka daga shirya domin wintering.
A cikin bazara, kafin fure kuma nan da nan bayan an kammala shi, ana kula da bishiyoyin Molodezhnaya tare da fungicides. Wannan gwargwado ya zama dole a tsakiyar layi da kuma wuraren sanyi don hana yaduwar coccomycosis da moniliosis. Kamar yadda ya cancanta, an maimaita kambi na ban ruwa a ƙarshen kaka bayan pruning.
A lokacin rani, bishiyoyin ceri suna mamaye kwari da kwari, wanda ba wai kawai lalata amfanin gona yake ba, ya lalata ciyawar da kuma raunana tsire-tsire, har ila yau suna taimakawa ga kamuwa da cututtukan tsire-tsire masu cutar fungi da sauran nau'ikan cututtuka. Don lalata kwari, kwari, hanyar sarrafawa ta jiki da nazarin halittu, har ma ana amfani da hanyoyin madadin.
Ba za ku iya samun girbi mai kyau ba tare da lura da fasahar aikin gona ba kuma ba tare da aiwatar da aikin hanawa ba.
A cikin lokacin dumi, dole ne a shayar da cherries kuma a ciyar da shi. A cikin da'irar kusa-kusa, an lalata ciyayi, kuma don adana danshi da kuma kula da yanayin ƙasa, ƙasa tana mulched. Babu ƙarancin mahimmanci shine tsabtace tsabtace tsabta, wanda za'ayi a cikin bazara ko kaka. Dukkanin lalatattun, bushe ko rauni mai rauni ana yanka da ƙonewa. Yi ganye da ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa da ba a haɗa ba.
