Cutar ƙarancin cuta ko montbrecia ɗan fari ne ga Afirka, mallakar iyalin Iris. Duk da abin da shuka mai lalatarwar tsire-tsire ne, dasa shuki da kulawa a sararin sama yana yiwuwa a cikin latitude ɗinmu. Babban abu shine sanin wasu asirin game da haɓakar wannan baƙon na Afirka.
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yin girma crocosmia - tsaba da corms. Abu ne wanda ba a ke so ya shuka iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, tunda tare da babban yiwuwar ba za su yi shuka ba. Amma corms sun fi tsaurara tsauraran zafin jiki da kwari, saboda haka ana iya sanya su cikin lafiya a nan da nan cikin ƙasa.
Yadda ake girma crocosmia daga tsaba
Dasa ciyawar ci da kuma kula da ita a filin budewa a cikin bazara ta fara da girbi na seedlings - kamar yadda aka ambata, shuka shuka kai tsaye ba zai haifar da sakamako ba. A ƙarshen hunturu ko farkon lokacin bazara, ana zuba tsaba a cikin kwano kuma a zuba da ruwa. Bayan haka, dole ne a bar su har kwana ɗaya. Ana cakuda cakuda ƙasa, peat, yashi da takin a cikin tukwane ko akwatina - wannan shine ƙasa mafi dacewa don ƙwanƙwaran cuta.
Bayan shuka, kwantena tare da tsire-tsire masu zuwa nan gaba dole ne a rufe shi da tsare kuma sanya shi cikin wuri mai faɗi (wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi kuma ya dace). Da zaran ganye 2-3 suka bayyana akan tsiron, za a iya dasa tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane mafi girma. Kafin dasa shuki da kuma kula dashi a cikin filin a Siberiya, inda yanayin zai iya yin tsauri, ɗauki tukwane na fure a cikin iska mai kyau. Kowace rana, ƙara lokacin da shuka yake amfani da ita akan titi - don haka zaiyi saurin daidaita yanayin canjin yanayi.
Dasa kuma kula da ƙwanƙwasa ƙasa a buɗe
Cutar ƙwanƙwasa an fi shuka shi a cikin wuraren da ke da kyau, a cikin inuwa zaka samu tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa. Yana da kyau cewa gadon filawa ya hau kan dutse - don haka corms ba za su yi ambaliyar ruwa ba bayan an yi ruwan sama. Draarurruka masu ƙarfi zasu iya lalata furanni.
Lokaci don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa shine tsakiyar Mayu, lokacin da barazanar ƙarshen sanyi ta ɓace. A cikin yanayi mai tsauri, ana iya dasa furanni a ƙarshen watan Afrilu.
Wajibi ne a zaɓi wurin dasa shuki a gaba, domin a cikin kaka, ana kwance ƙasa kuma an ƙara yashi (saboda kada ruwa ya yi tururi a cikin tushen bayan ban ruwa) da takin ma'adinai.
Kafin dasa shuki, wajibi ne don ruwa da sassauta ƙasa a cikin rijiyar. Shirye domin dasa shuki corms bukatar a dasa domin ta tsakanin manya shuke-shuke akwai wani nisa aƙalla 10 santimita. Zurfin saukowa yakai 8 cm.
Dasa shuki da kuma kula da shi a cikin fili a cikin Urals mai yiwuwa ne kawai idan za a iya rufe gado a lokacin sanyi. Girma a cikin greenhouses glazed glazed zai ba da sakamako mai kyau.
Don kauce wa pollination, cakuda nau'in iri daban-daban an fi shuka shi a cikin gadaje daban-daban, tare da isasshen nesa daga juna.
Kulawar da ta dace da ƙarancin matasa
Abinda yafi mahimmanci don tsutsawa shine sharar lokaci. Ya kamata a shawo kan perennials kowane mako, amma ya fi dacewa a kula da yanayin don kada kwararan fitila su lalatad da ranakun ruwa. A cikin yanayin zafi, dumbin yawa ya kamata ya ƙaru.
Kafin farkon inflorescences ya bayyana, da zaran ganye suka haɓaka, miya ta farko ta zama tilas. Kamar yadda takin zamani, mafita na mullein, cakuda ma'adinai tare da potassium da mahadi na musamman don tsire-tsire na bulbous sun dace.
Ba kwa buƙatar ɗaure ƙwanƙwasa - yana riƙe da sifa ta kansa kawai, don haka ba lallai ne ku damu da amincin shinge ba.
Kula bayan fure
Da zaran an sake farfadowa, yana da kyau a datse ciyawar fure - don haka da yawa daga karfin shuka zai tafi don adana tsintsaye.
Idan ana tsammanin hunturu mai sanyi, a lokacin kaka ana yin kwararan kwararan fitila, a hankali a tsabtace daga ƙasa kuma a adana shi a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi. Koyaya, idan yana yiwuwa a yi ba tare da tono ba, zai fi kyau a bar ƙwayoyin a cikin ƙasa. Don haka furanni zasu fi inganta tushen tsarin kuma shekara mai zuwa za su faranta maka rai da kyawawan furanni.
Speciesananan nau'in furanni na montbrecia suna jure yanayin hunturu ba tare da tono daga ƙasa ba, amma yana da kyau a kiyaye shi amintaccen ta hanyar rufe furen fure da santimita mai santimita 20 da ganyaye.
In takaita:
- Shiri don dasa shuki da kula da cukakku a cikin ƙasa bude a fara a cikin kaka - an zaɓi wurin da ya dace, ƙasa tana kwance da takin.
- Tsire-tsire suna girma sosai a tsaunukan rana, a cikin ƙasa mai wadata a humus da peat.
- Shuka tsaba kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙasa don ɓarkewar ƙasa ba a so, ya fi kyau shirya seedlings a gaba.
- Mafi kyawun kula da kwayar cuta shine mako-mako.
- Kafin yin hunturu, an sare ɓangaren tsire-tsire, kuma ƙasa a sama da corms an rufe shi da wani yanki na fure ko ganye. Duk wani abin rufe jiki na halitta zai yi.
