Tsirrai masu iya haifar da fa'ida ko sauƙaƙan 'ya'yan itace a cikin ɗakuna ko kananan koyo koyaushe ana ɗaukar taurari na musamman. 'Ya'yan itacen Citrus, kofi, avocados suna da ƙararraki marasa daidaituwa dangane da namowa da adon ado - ƙwararren Akka Sellova, wacce har yanzu ana saninta azaman feijoa. Wannan inji mai kyawawan ganye, fure mai fure da aiki fruiting na ban mamaki tare da kwalliyar ta daidai da amfanin ta.
Juyawar feijoa a cikin dakin.
Feijoa - ma'aikatanta na duniya, mai ban mamaki duk shekara
'Ya'yan itãcen Feijoa a cikin' yan shekarun nan sun shahara sosai, ana ɗaukar kaddarorin warkarwa na musamman, da kuma ƙayyadaddun kayan dandano. Hankali ga 'ya'yan itatuwa da ake cinyewa ya haifar da karuwa a cikin shahararrun waɗannan tsire-tsire, don haka karimcin su da karimci.
Feijoa - itatuwan 'ya'yan itace waɗanda ke girma ne kawai a cikin bushewar ƙasa. A cikin bude ƙasa a cikin yankuna masu tsananin sanyi ba za ku iya shuka su ba. Ba kamar al'adun kwandon shara ba, canji irin girma zuwa daji, tsirrai ta bayyana azaman babban tubular kwalliya mai tsayi ko shuka mai tsini wanda za'a iya girma a cikin gyada ko al'adun cikin gida ba tare da rasa ikon bada 'ya'ya ba.
Take feijoa - sanannen synonym ga itace mai ban mamaki Akki Sellova, ko Akki Feijoa (Acca sellowiana), wakilin Akka ne. Gida na Akka, wanda ke rufe Yankin Kudancin Amurka, ya dade da fadada saboda narkar da tsirrai kamar amfanin gona. A yau Feijoa yana girma ba kawai a cikin Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay ko Paraguay ba, har ma a gefen Tekun Baƙi, Tekun Bahar Rum, da kuma a cikin ƙasashen Caucasian.
Dangane da kyawawan halayensa, Akka Sellova da gaskiya yana da'awar kasancewa ɗayan kyawawan al'adun cikin gida masu mahimmanci da haɓaka. Haɗe kyakkyawan kyakkyawan kambi da ganye mai ban sha'awa tare da fure mai alatu, 'ya'yan itaciyar feijoa mai lafiya da ƙamus na musamman ga ƙwararrun' ya'yan itace, Akka ya fice daga gasar kuma yana faranta rai ba kawai tare da halayensa masu amfani ba.
Feijoa - bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace, kuma a cikin al'adun ɗaki -' Ya'yan itace, wanda, idan ana so, sai a samar da mai tushe. Yada, bakin ciki harbe tare da sparse Branching da wani haske, m haushi samar da wata m kambi. Ana nuna Feijoa ta fata, haske, ganye mai launin shuɗi tare da sheen mai sheki. Isasshen ganyayyaki suna kan madaidaicin harbe masu karfi kai tsaye. Tare da tsawon har zuwa 6 cm, ganyen ganye na feijoa ya girma a cikin nisa zuwa kusan 4 cm .. Fata mai laushi, mai laushi, daɗaɗɗen ruɓi da kayansu na musamman yana da banbanci da bishiyoyi na cikin gida da tsirrai na gargajiya. -Wanin launin shuɗi-kan launin ganyayyaki yana jaddada sabon sautin da aka banbanta da launi na kayan kore.
Ba a daure launikan Acca kawai ba ne kawai, amma na musamman. A farkon lokacin rani, shuka tana cike da furanni masu ɗanɗano da kusan sati uku. M furanni har zuwa 4 cm a diamita tare da yawa tsawon stamens an tattara a cikin garkuwa da inflorescences, suka Bloom ne kawai a kan matasa twigs. Fari, tare da kyawawan launuka masu launin ruwan hoda a ciki, ana yiwa kwalliyar kwalliya da kwalliya tare da ɗimbin launuka masu ruwan-zina tare da haske. Tsarin furen feijoa yana kama da kayan ado mai mahimmanci kuma yana ta shimfidawa har ma da yawancin al'adun cikin gida.
Bayan fure, fure mai ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi mai launi mai laushi tare da bunƙasa mai haɓaka mai haɓaka, kullun yana ƙaruwa da girman kuma ya kai girma na 3-5 cm tsayi da nauyi a cikin 30-50 g. Theanɗana ruwan feijoa yana da takamaiman bayani, sau da yawa aka bayyana bayan ƙarin aiki da gabatar da su cikin kayan zaki. Waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da dandano mai sauƙin dandano na abarba, kiwi da strawberry fiye da gane ƙanshinsu na ƙanshi. Abubuwan da ke da amfani na fruitsa fruitsan 'ya'yan itatuwa feijoa sun wuce dandano, saboda abun ciki na iodine, acid na Organic da bitamin yana ba su damar kasancewa cikin jerin samfuran samfuran kayan abinci masu mahimmanci da jiyya ga cututtukan thyroid.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa nau'ikan feijoa guda ɗaya ne kawai suka girma a cikin al'adun ɗakin, yana da wuya a kira shuka mai kama: kamar kowane tsire-tsire na 'ya'yan itace, Akka Sellova yana da nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin kayan ado da halaye masu kyau. A cikin al'adun daki, galibi suna amfani da tsohon, m, gwada lokaci-pollinating iri iri - “farkon Crimean”, “Nikitsky kamshi”, “Firstan fari 120”, “Talakawa”, “Humpbacked”, “Superba”, da sauransu.
Girma feijoa a gida
Haɗin unpretentiousness da babban adorativeness ya sa shuka na Akk Sellov ya zama na musamman. Wannan 'ya'yan itace amfanin gona ya fi dacewa da girma a cikin gidan kore ko ɗaukar shara. Amma ko da a cikin yanayin gida, idan yana yiwuwa a samar da feijoa tare da hunturu mai sanyi, zai iya zama ɗayan manyan taurari. Akka na buƙatar kulawa ta tsari. Ba ta yi haƙuri da ciyawar da ba ta dace ba kuma tana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa koyaushe, amma gaba ɗaya ba shi da wahala a shuka shuka. Tsarin ado na yau da kullun da fure mai haske tare da fruiting rama dukkan damuwa.
Feijoa, ko Akka Sellova (Acca sellowiana).
Hasken Feijoa
Ba shi yiwuwa a yi girma baturin daki, a bar shi kawai don fure ko kayan marmari, in babu fitilar haske. Duk wani shading don shuka yana contraindicated, ana sanya feijoa a wurare masu haske. Dankin yana buƙatar babban tsananin hasken wuta duk shekara, koda a cikin hunturu. Akka baya jin tsoron haskoki kai tsaye na rana.
Mafi kyawu, Aklovka Sellova yana girma a gaban taga sashin gabas ko kudu maso gabas, a lokacin kaka-hunturu ya fi dacewa a sake shirya shi zuwa windows na fadakarwar kudu ko kuma samar da haskakawa don adana ɗan adam.
Zazzabi mai nutsuwa
Saboda gaskiyar cewa ana horar da feijoa bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace, suna riƙe da haƙuri na musamman a cikin al'adun ɗakin kuma suna iya girma cikin yanayi iri-iri. Bushesungiyar Akka ba sa tsoron ƙananan yanayin zafi da canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki, girma sosai har ma a cikin yanayin da ba a daidaita ba. Amma tsire-tsire har yanzu sun fi ado a cikin sanyin sanyi, a yawan zafin jiki na sama sama da digiri 23.
Kyaftin hunturu yana da matukar muhimmanci ga fru ɗin Akka Sellov. Ingantaccen yanayin zafi daga digiri 10 ne zuwa 14, digiri ne mai halatta.
Watering da zafi
A cikin al'adar daki, aka na bukatar a hankali, yin shayarwa na yau da kullun da kuma yawan bincika yanayin ƙasa. Idan ana son cimma ingantaccen fure da fruiting daga wata shuka, to ya zama dole a kula da tsayayyen alamomi na danshi, bawai don ba da damar kasar ta bushe ko kuma ruwanta da yawa ba. Tsakanin watering, substrate yakamata ya bushe kawai a ɓangaren babba. Cikakke bushewa na ƙasa zai haifar da asarar m ganye ba kawai ganyen feijoa, har ma harbe. Zai fi kyau magudana ruwa daga pallets nan da nan bayan an sha ruwa.
Akka baya bukatar ya kula da danshi mai zafi, amma kuma busasshen iska yayi mummunan tasiri kan irin shuka. A cikin zafi ko a lokacin lokacin dumama, yana da kyau a fesa dabbar a hankali ta amfani da ruwan dumi. Ganyen yana tsabtace da ƙura akai-akai. Feijoa, ban da irin matsayin da ake toyawa, ba zai ƙi mai daɗin rai ba.
Abinci na Akka Sellova
Feijoa na gida ya fi son hadaddun, ya ƙunshi takin ma'adinai da takin gargajiya, gaurayawar abinci da shirye-shirye. Don Akka Sellov, zaku iya amfani da miya mai kama da tsire-tsire na lambu, canza yanayin takin mai magani dangane da matakin ci gaba. A cikin bazara, ana amfani da takin nitrogen da potassium don shuka, kuma a lokacin rani, ana amfani da takin mai magani na potassium-phosphorus, amma har yanzu ana son suturar da aka daidaita tazara. Shuka ya amsa da kyau ga amfani da kwayoyin, idan aka girma, da farko, don samun amfanin gona, takin ƙasa ma'adinai sun fi kyau maye gurbinsu da takin gargajiya ko na halitta.
Mitar miya don feijoa yana da sauƙin zaɓa. Da takin mai magani na wannan shuka ana amfani da 1 sau a cikin makonni biyu kawai a lokacin lokacin girma, fure da 'ya'yan itace.
Feijoa tare da 'ya'yan itatuwaYankakken Akka Sellova
Don kula da ƙwarƙwarar ƙwayar cuta, feijoa na cikin gida zasu buƙaci girki na yau da kullun. An ba da shawarar fara shi riga a mataki na girma matasa shuke-shuke, da farko rage tsakiyar akwati ta kwata ko na uku na tsawo, sa'an nan kuma lokaci-lokaci pinching gefen gefe don samun tushen kwarangwal tushe.
Samuwar tushen harbe-bugu yana shafar fruiting na feijoa, harbe a kaikaice da kuma zuriyar tushen ana cire su mafi kyau idan kuna son samun girbi mai kyau na 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau. Idan ana so, ana iya kafa shuka a matsayin daidaitacce ko kuma a sa kambin ya zama abin tuntuɓe, amma daidaituwar yanayin kambi yawanci ya isa, kuma ba za'a yanke su ba.
Kowace bazara, shuka tana gudanar da cikakken bincike da tsabtace tsabtace - cire lalacewa, mai rauni, maras amfani ko bushewa rassan.
Feijoa pollination
A cikin yanayi na dakin, taimakon mahimmin abu wajibi ne ga fruiting Akka. 'Ya'yan itãcen tsire-tsire suna ɗaure ne kawai tare da pollination na wucin gadi. Hanyar kanta mai sauki ce - an fure furanni tare da goge mai tsabta. A lokacin da noma ba parthenocarpic, amma giciye-pollinating iri, za ka iya jira girbi ne kawai a lokacin da girma da yawa samfurori.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Yara matasa kawai ke buƙatar dasawa shekara-shekara. Gwaninta na Sellov na tsufa ana dasa shi kawai kamar yadda ya cancanta, tare da mita na 1 a cikin shekaru 3-5, zaɓar manyan kwantena waɗanda tsire-tsire za su haɓaka. Poan tukwane na yau da kullun sun dace da feijoa - tare da tsayi kadan fiye da faɗin.
Cikin feijoa na cikin gida yana girma sosai a cikin duniya, daidaitattun abubuwa. An fi son ɗanɗanar acidic ko tsaka tsaki na ƙasa - pH daga 5.0 zuwa 7.0. Tare da cakuda mai zaman kanta na cikin feijoa, ɗayan abubuwan gaurayawar ƙasa sun dace:
- cakuda yashi, peat, humus da ƙasa mai laushi a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1: 2;
- cakuda ƙasa mai bushe, yashi da humus a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1;
- cakuda takardar takarda tare da yashi da ciyawa a cikin rabo na 3: 1: 1.
A bu mai kyau don ƙara ƙahon ƙaho ko abincin kasusuwa a haɗuwa da duniyar feijoa.
An dasa shuka sosai a hankali, yana ƙoƙarin rage lamba tare da tushen, yana maye gurbin ƙasa mai yanko da yardar rai kawai. A kasan tankuna suna kwance babban magudanar ruwa. Dole ne a kula da girman zurfin tushen wuyan feijoa iri ɗaya. Bayan dasawa, ya kamata a kiyaye tsire-tsire daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Cututukan Feijoa da kwari
Gidan feijoa na cikin gida suna fama da ƙarancin kulawa fiye da kwari. Iyakar abin da banda shine gizo-gizo mite, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, da kuma fararen fata tare da garkuwa, wadanda suke son su yanke hukunci akan daskararren ganyayyaki. Don magance kwari, kuna buƙatar wanke ganye, ƙara yawan zafi da kuma amfani da samfuran halitta tare da kayyakin kwari. Jiyya tare da kwari na gargajiya yana da kyawawa ne kawai a lokacin lokacin da shuka bai ba da 'ya'ya ba.
Cikin gida lokacin feijoa.
Feijoa kiwo
Kiwo Akka Sellov - aikin yana da sauki. Ba kamar competan takarar cikin gida ba daga bishiyoyin fruita fruitan itace, za a iya yada feijoa ta tsaba, ƙwaya, grafting, layer, har ma da rabuwa daga zuriyar tushen, zaɓi zaɓin yaduwa da hanyoyi don dandano ku.
Hanyar da ta fi shahara don yaduwar Sellka aka ita ce ta girma daga tsaba, kodayake ba a adana ire-iren halaye na tsire-tsire na uwa ba tare da ita. Smallarami, amma daidai germinating feijoa tsaba ana iya tattarawa har ma daga 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka saya don abinci, idan kun zaɓi mafi yawan' ya'yan itatuwa ko jira har sai sun zama taushi. Gaskiya ne, hanyar samo tsaba ba mai sauƙi ba ce kuma zai buƙaci haƙuri: ana zuriya tsaba tare da cokali tare da ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara a cikin kowane akwati a waje a cikin ɗakin dumi har sai lokacin aikin zai fara aiki, bayan wannan kuma an wanke ɗumbin da ke cikin tsaba da iri da kansu bushe a takarda ko adiko na goge baki. Ana iya adana tsaba Feijoa na tsawon shekaru biyu a zazzabi kusan 5 digiri Celsius, a cikin busasshiyar, duhu da wuri mai iska.
Ana shuka ƙwayar Feijoa a al'adance a cikin bazara, da zaran hasken rana ya fara ƙaruwa, a cikin ƙananan faranti da aka cika tare da daidaitaccen ma'aunin sanitized wanda aka gauraye a daidai sassan tare da yashi. Tsaba, murfin saman tare da yashi na yashi 4-5 mm lokacin farin ciki. Ba lallai ba ne don rufe kwantena tare da gilashi ko fim, amma har yanzu yana da sauƙi don kula da danshi ƙasa. Don germination, tsaba suna buƙatar zafi (zazzabi daga digiri 20 zuwa 25) da haske mai haske. Farkon farawar feijoa na iya bayyana a cikin makonni 3-4.
Babu buƙatar yin gudu tare da harbe-harbe. Kafin rabuwa cikin tukwane na mutum, yana da kyau a jira har aƙalla biyu nau'i biyu na ganye na gaske sun girma akan tsire, kuma idan harbe sun kasance na bakin ciki da rauni, to, nau'i-nau'i 3-4. Matasan feijoa suna kula da ban ruwa da hasken rana kai tsaye. Tsire-tsire, koda kuwa lokacin dasawa ne a cikin lokacin girma, bai kamata a ciyar da shi nan da nan bayan nutsewa ba: ana yin sutturar farko don feijoa na cikin gida ne kawai makonni 5-6 bayan ruwa a cikin kwantena na mutum.
Na biyu mafi mashahuri zaɓi don samun your feijoa ne cuttings. Kudin tushen da shuka yayi matukar raguwa. An yanke yankan yayin dormancy daga tsakiyar kambi, daga Nuwamba zuwa Janairu. Gwanayen Semi-lignified daga 7 zuwa 10 cm tsayi an yanke shi a wani kusurwa mai ban tsoro da tushe bayan aiki a cikin masu haɓaka haɓaka a cikin yashi mai laushi, samar da haske mai haske da yanayin kwanciyar hankali, haɓaka zafin jiki zuwa digiri 25 Celsius. An zaunar dasu kai tsaye bayan dasa a cikin daidaitaccen cakuda ƙasa.
Feijoa fruiting yana fara ne bayan shekaru 4 - don tsire-tsire da aka samo daga cuttings, kuma bayan shekaru 5 - don karɓa daga tsaba tsaba.
