A farkon bazara, budsan itacen ya fara zubewa a jikin bishiyoyi da shukoki, kuma an riga an rufe Forsythia tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi, duk da cewa ganyensa ba su yi fure ba. A tsakiyar yankin na Rasha, wannan bishiyar ta fara farawa a cikin Afrilu - Mayu, kuma a cikin yankuna na kudu - a watan Fabrairu-Maris. Haske mai haske na shuɗar Forsythias da ba kasafai yake buɗe yanayin wuri ba. Ganyen kuma kayan ado ne - maimakon babba, mai haske ko duhu kore, mai laushi, “sanyi”, suna kasance cikin launi har zuwa ƙarshen kaka da faɗuwa a ƙarshen Oktoba - farkon Nuwamba. Siffar daji da kanta kyakkyawa - harbe suna lanƙwasa a cikin arcuate da droop.
Forsythiako Forsythia ko Forsythia asalin halittu ne na tsintsaye da kananan bishiyoyi na dangin Oleaceae, suna yin furanni da kyawawan furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Forsythia, ko Forsythia, ko Forsythia (Forsythia).
Forsythia ta yaɗu a Arewacin Amurka, Yammacin Turai. A cikin ƙasarmu, tana ƙawata lambuna da wuraren shakatawa a yankuna da yawa na Asiya ta Tsakiya, a cikin Crimea, Caucasus, Moldova, Ukraine, jihohin Baltic, yankuna na tsakiyar Yankunan da ba Chernozem ba, Moscow da Leningrad, kuma ya kasance baƙon da ba kasafai ake samun shi ba a shirye-shiryen gidaje.
Nau'in Forsythia
Akwai nau'ikan halittar Forsythia 6 da aka sani, wanda aka sanya wa suna sunan mai kula da lambun Ingilishi na Forzit, wanda ya rayu a rabi na biyu na ƙarni na 18.
Forsythia (Forsythia) yar Turai ce.
Forsythia Turai - wani shrub kai 2-3 m ba ga tsawo, tare da kunkuntar mai wucewa kambi. Ganyen yana da haske kore mai launi, launi na gaba, kamar dukkan Forsythia. Furanni masu launin rawaya mai haske, 1-3 a cikin axils na ganyayyaki, drooping, kararrawa, har zuwa 2 cm tsayi, akan gajerun shinge mai lankwasa. Itace tana da tasiri sosai, kodayake ana ɗaukar ƙarancin ado tsakanin sauran nau'ikan Forsythia. Wannan shine kawai Forsythias wanda aka samo a cikin Turai a cikin yanayi kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan lokacin hunturu-Hardy. A cikin yanayin Moscow da Leningrad, yana fure kuma yana bada 'ya'ya a shekara.
Forsythia (Forsythia) Giralda.
Forsythia Giralda ya fito ne daga Arewacin China. A bayyanar yayi kama da Baturen Turai. Ganyayyaki sun kasance elliptical ko oblong-ellipti, elongated-nuna a koli, duhu kore sama da kodadde a ƙasa. Furancin furannin Forsythia giralda, kamar yadda a cikin jinsin da suka gabata, masu launin shuɗi ne, akan gajerun furenni, ba manya-manyan ba, sun rufe harbe sosai. Yankin hunturu yana gab da Turai.
Forsythia (Forsythia) siffa ce mai siffar yanayi, ko kuma tsallake.
Forsythia mai ban tsoro - wani daji mai rassa masu rassa, tsayi 1.5 m. Yana girma cikin yanayi a cikin yankin Koriya. Ganyen yana da haske kore, mai yalwar ovate, tsawon tsawon cm 5 cm 5, ya nuna a fili mai kyau. Ofaya daga cikin farkon nau'in furanni na forsythia. Furannin furanni na Forsythia suna da rawaya mai haske, akan gajerun furenni, tare da furanni masu fadi. Wannan shine mafi tsarancin jinsin halitta don yankuna na tsakiya da arewacin Arewacin Non-Chernozem Territory.
Forsythia (Forsythia) itace kore.
Forsythia mai launin kore - powerfulan itace mai ƙarfi tare da harbe tsaye. A yanayi, yana girma a tsaunin tuddai na Tsakiya da Gabashin China. Ganyayyaki forsythia masu launin kore mai duhu, mai zurfi, maimakon manyan. Furanni masu launin shuɗi mai haske mai launin shuɗi, 1 zuwa 3 a cikin axils na ganye, filayen corolla suna da yawa, furen yana da tsayi cm cm 2.5 Wannan nau'in yana yarda da yanayin yankuna na kudu da kudu maso yamma na USSR, kuma ba ya daskarewa kuma yayi fure zuwa arewa a kowace shekara.
Forsythia (Formaitia) tana bushewa, ko kuka.
Forsythia tana jujjuyawa, ko Forsythia kuka - wani itace mai karfi har zuwa 3 m tsayi, wanda aka samo a yanayi akan tsaunin tsaunuka a Arewa da Tsakiyar China. Wannan nau'in ya fi daraja a Yammacin Turai a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyau. Zamu iya girma ne kawai a yankuna kudu - Moldova, Yammacin Ukraine, Crimea da Caucasus. Manyan ganyayyaki kore mai duhu na Forsythia wanda suke bushewa a cikin kaka sun zama rawaya da shunayya. Furanni masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi sune 1-3, wani lokacin 6 a bunch. Corolla bututu a ciki tare da rawanin orange, tsawon fure 2.5 cm .. Akwai nau'ikan forsythia drooping (drooping).
Forsythia (Forsythia) matsakaici ne, ko kuma matasan, ko matsakaici.
Matsakaici na Forsythia - Tumbin halittar lambu na Forsythia shine kore kuma mai shunayya. Tallan itace mai ƙarfi mai tsayi tare da tsawo na 3 m, tare da madaidaiciya kuma dan kadan rataye harbe. Ganyen Forsythia na tsakiya sun fi manyan yawa, ƙwayoyin ovate-oblong, akan tsinkayen girma mai girma, wani lokacin tripartite, sau da yawa tare da canji daga duka zuwa tripartite. Furanni masu launin rawaya mai haske, da yawa a cikin taron.
Mutane da yawa siffofin wannan lambu matasan da aka sani. Wasu daga cikinsu kyawawan yanayin hunturu ne kuma suna iya jure yanayin yankin tsakiya da na arewacin yankin da ba'a Chernozem ba.
Forsythia, ko Forsythia.
Fitar Forsythia
Forsythia yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba, saka filayen, damuna da damuna da rani.
A watan Oktoba, 'ya'yan itatuwa-' ya'yan itace 'iri, wanda ke yin dan kadan, ana iya ganin fikafikan kifi a cikin su. Ana shuka tsire-tsire na Forsythia a cikin bazara, a cikin Maris-Afrilu, a cikin tukwane ko akwatunan ƙasa. Harbe yana bayyana bayan makonni 3-6, tsiro 35-50%. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, shuki ya kai tsayin 2-8 cm, a cikin na biyu - 12-30 cm, a shekara ta uku - 60-90 cm. Daga cikin kwalaye, 'Ya'yan kwayoyi na Forsythia sun nutse cikin kwari a cikin shekara ta biyu ko farkon shekarar rayuwarsu, kuma a can suke yin hunturu mai gamsarwa lokacin rufe ƙasa tare da ganyen ganye na 15 - cm 2. A karo na farko da suka yi balaguro yana da shekaru 4-6.
Don yaduwar ciyawar ciyawa, ana girbi sare a cikin hunturu kuma a adana m cikin ɗakunan sanyi. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin tsakiyar yankin, Forsythia mafi yawanci ana yaduwa ta hanyar yankan rani. Don yin wannan, zaɓi ciyawar ciyawa tare da harbe ba tare da tsayi sosai ba. Mafi kyawun lokacin grafting shine Yuni - farkon Yuli. An yanyan forsythia tare da 1-2 internodes a nesa na 0.5-1 cm daga kumburi, an cire ƙananan ganye, an yanke babba a rabi. Don ingantacciyar tushe da sauri, ana sanya ɓoye na tsawon awanni 5-6 a cikin maganin maganin heteroauxin.
Tushen a cikin yashi kogi a nesa na 5-7 cm daga juna, suna zurfafa yankan ta hanyar cm cm 2-4. Za a iya yanka forsythia a cikin gidajen kore, wanda yan lambu da yawa ke da su. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, dole ne a fitar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma a shayar da ɓarna sau 4-5 a rana. A cikin yanayin sanyi, yawan ruwa sau biyu ya isa. A cikin makonni 4-5 bayan an yanke gurnani, ana kafa tushen a cikin 70-100% na itacen Forsythia. A cikin shekarar farko, ana barin tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa a cikin greenhouse, an rufe su don hunturu tare da ganye da rassan spruce. A cikin shekara ta biyu, ana iya shuka Forsythia a kan dogo, kuma a shekara ta uku ko ta huɗu ana iya dasa shi a cikin dindindin inda tsire-tsire da yawa suka yi fure a cikin shekarar.
Forsythia, ko Forsythia.
A ƙarshe, Ina so in sake tunatar da cewa Forsythia ta zo mana daga wurare masu dumin zafi har ma mafi yawan masu hunturu-zasu iya wahala a cikin lokacin bazara mai ƙarfi - wani ɓangare na shekara-shekara ko fure mai fure ya mutu idan sun fi murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Koyaya, halayen kyawawan kayan ado na wadannan tsintsaye suna da daraja suyi haquri don zuwa na gaba, mafi kyawun shekara kuma sake ganin forsythia a cikin fure mai fure.
Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su:
- E. Yakushina, dan takarar kimiyyar halitta
