Shuka kamar shefler ko dai Mai tsarawa (Schefflera) yana nufin dangi da ake kira Araliaceae. A cikin daji, ana iya haduwa dashi a cikin tsaunukan ko'ina a duniya. Kuma galibi ana samun sa a Australia, China, tsibirin Pacific da Japan. Sheffler daji ba karamar itaciya ba ce ko daji.
Wannan tsiro yana da matukar godiya ga masu girka fure don kyawawan ganyayyaki, kyawawan ganye waɗanda suka yi kama da dabino na ɗan adam, waɗanda yatsunsu ke da bambanci. An sanya ruwan leaf a dogayen ledo kuma ana watsa shi zuwa lopes 4-12 da suka girma daga aya 1. A wasu ƙasashe, ana kiran wannan fure laima na gnomes ko itace laima.
Haɓaka inflorescences na tsirrai na wannan shuka suna da kama sosai ga tantinan ko antennas. Amma zaka iya dube su kawai a cikin lambu Botanical, kuma duk saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin yanayin ɗakin sheffler ba ya yin fure. Amma tana da ikon yin ado ga kowane ɗakin godiya saboda kyawawan fasalinta da tsalle-tsalle mai kyan gani.
Wannan fure yana yawan girma kamar ficus na benjamin, ko kuma, an girma shi a matsayin babban tsire-tsire na cikin gida, tef, ana samar dashi a cikin daji kamar yadda yake da girma ko kuma itace.
Babban harbe irin wannan shuka ba lokacin farin ciki ba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa galibi matasa masu shefflers sukan dasa a tukunya guda. Kuma daga gare su, sa forman nan suka ƙirƙiri sandunan sa commono guda biyu. Idan fure daya mai tsayi ne kawai aka dasa a cikin tukunyar, to ana yin tallafi koyaushe.
Wannan inji mai sauki ne wanda ya isa yayi girma a cikin dakin kuma wannan saboda gaba daya rashin tsari ne. Kuna buƙatar kulawa da shi kusan kamar yadda yake ga sauran tsirrai na gida.
Kula! Akwai abubuwa a cikin shefler, wanda, da zarar akan mucous membrane ko fata, na iya haifar da haushi. Abin da ya sa, tare da kowane amfani da shi, kuna buƙatar yin hankali.
Kulawar gida mai kula da cutar kansa
Haske
Wannan inji yana matukar son haske. A lokacin kaka-hunturu, ya kamata a sa a kan windowsill, located a kudu gefen dakin. A lokacin rani, dole ne a sami inuwa don ware hasken rana kai tsaye.
An sanya sheffler dattijo kusa da taga kusa da ɓangaren kudancin ɗakin, amma gefen yamma ko gefen gabas ma ya dace. Idan babu isasshen haske a cikin dakin, to, ya fi dacewa a zaɓi iri tare da ciyawar koren don girma, tun da waɗanda ke da bambanci suna ɗaukar hoto sosai.
A lokacin dumi, ya fi kyau ɗaukar tsire zuwa farar iska. Kuna buƙatar shirya shi a cikin karamin inuwa.
Wulakantar da kai
Yana jin dadi tare da zafi mai zafi, amma yana iya sauƙin daidaitawa zuwa al'ada, zazzabi ɗakin. Koyaya, a wannan yanayin, sheffler yana buƙatar a fesa shi a kai a kai tare da ruwa mai taushi da dumi (a tsaye).
Yanayin Zazzabi
Scheffler yana girma sosai kuma yana haɓakawa a zazzabi na ɗakin al'ada. A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki na iska zai iya sauka zuwa 16⁰-18⁰ С, amma ba kasa da 12⁰ С.
Kada a bada izinin daftarin sanyi a cikin dakin da wannan tsiron yake, kuma kar a sanya shi kusa da kayan aikin wuta. Ba yawa sosai yawan zafin jiki na rana (tsakanin dare da rana) yana kawo mai da mai kyau kawai.
Yadda ake ruwa
Watering yakamata ya zama na tsari da matsakaici. An saita ruwa mai laushi cikakke ga wannan. Tabbatar cewa dakin earthen baya bushewa. A cikin hunturu, an rage yawan ruwa sosai. Ka tuna cewa wannan shuka ba za mu bada izinin turɓaya ruwa da acidation na ƙasa ba, tunda a sakamakon hakan na iya mutuwa. Kuma don shayarwa, kuna buƙatar amfani da ruwa a zazzabi a ɗaki kuma babu yanayin sanyi.
Taki
Sheffler yana ciyar da takin zamani na tsire-tsire na gida. Ana yin manyan miya sau biyu a wata a lokacin girma (a lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara). Bayan dasawa, ana amfani da takin ƙasa don kawai bayan ganye matasa suka bayyana.
Abubuwan Kulawa
Domin daji ya zama mafi daukaka, tsire-tsire da yawa suna zama a cikin tukunyar fure ɗaya. Suna ɗaukar kamannin itace saboda pruning. Koyaya, idan an yi shi da keta dokokin, to wannan na iya kawo lahani ga mai tsara.
A cikin yanayin yayin duk ganyayyaki sun faɗi a kan shuka (tare da kulawa mara kyau), ana iya samun ceto ta hanyar yin low pruning. Koyaya, wannan kawai idan tushen sa lafiya. Ya kamata a shayar da kututture, kuma an bada shawara don rufe shi da daskararren ciyawa. Idan an yi komai daidai, to bayan ɗan lokaci harbe harbe za su fara girma.
Lokacin hutawa
A cikin hunturu, ƙwaƙwalwar cuta tana da lokacin farawa, ba ta yin girma ba. Itace a cikin wannan lokacin ya kamata ya kasance a cikin ɗaki mai haske, zazzagewar iska wanda zai kasance kusan 14⁰-16⁰ С. Watering ya kamata a rage.
Dokokin Canje-canje
Duk da yake matasa shuka dasa ya kamata a da za'ayi a shekara tare da farko na bazara. Wani dattijo mai sheffler yana dasawa ne kawai lokacin da ya cancanta, a matsayin mai mulkin, sau ɗaya kowace fewan shekaru. Lokacin da aka zaɓi tukunyar filawa ta fure sau da yawa fiye da wanda ta gabata. Kar ku manta game da magudanar ruwa mai kyau.
Abin da ƙasa zaɓi
Don dasawa, yana da daraja zaɓi ɗan ƙaramin acidic (pH ba sama da 6), ƙasa mai haske. Don wannan, cakuda mai kunshe da peat fiber, yashi da ƙasa humus, wanda aka ɗauka a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 3, cikakke ne. Kuma zaka iya haxa yashi, humus da sod ƙasa a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2.
Siffofin Yaduwa
Hakanan ana iya yada wannan shuka ta hanyar yanka, shuka iri, kuma yadudduka iska kuma ana amfani dasu don waɗannan dalilai.
Ana iya siyan tsaba ta atomatik a shagon furen. An shuka su, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin Janairu ko Fabrairu. An shuka su a cakuda yashi da peat, an ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Kafin wannan, an ba da shawarar sanya tsaba a cikin ruwa don wani ɗan lokaci wanda aka ƙara zircon ko epin. Bayan an shuka, an ɗora ƙasa da feshi, sannan a cire kwandon a wurin da yake da dumama (20⁰-24⁰ С). Hakanan kar a manta da rufe ta da gilashi ko fim. A kasar gona ya kamata a lokaci-lokaci ventilated da moistened. Bayan bayyanar 2 ko 3 na wannan ganye, ana shuka seedlings a cikin ƙananan tukwane.
Don yaduwa ta hanyar yan itace, zaku buƙaci raƙuman rabin-lignified. An dasa su a cikin cakuda peat da yashi don tushen, a baya ana bi da su tare da wakilai waɗanda ke haɓaka samuwar asalinsu. Dole ne a rufe kwandon tare da kunshin filastik, kuma ana kiyaye zafin jiki a cikin 20 в-22⁰ C. Kar a manta cire fim don sanya iska a jikin tsiron.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Mite gizo-gizo, aphid, scutellum na iya bayyana a kan sheffler.
Matsaloli gama gari da dalilansu
Lokacin girma wannan shuka, waɗannan matsalolin na iya bayyana:
- Ganyayyaki ya fadi. Matsaloli masu yuwuwar: shimfidar sanyi a cikin hunturu, zafin jiki mai zafi sosai a lokacin rani, gurɓar ƙasa na ƙasa (lalacewar tushe ta fara).
- Bayyanar haske a jikin ganye. Dalilin haka na iya zama hasken rana kai tsaye ya sauka akan sa.
- Gunda harbe da iri na ganye - isasshen haske.
- Idan yanayin zafi yayi ƙasa da ƙasa, tukwicin ganye zai zama launin ruwan kasa.
Iri da nau'ikan Sheflera tare da hoto
Kwayar cuta cuta (Schefflera Arboricola)
Ita wata karamar bishiya ce mai dauke da gangar jikinta (a tsaye). Tsoffin rassan wannan bishiyar suna da launin ruwan kasa mai haske, yara kuma masu kore. Cikakken ganye na pinnate a tsawon zai iya kai santimita 20. A kan ganye na wasu nau'in, rawaya, cream ko farin aibobi na iya kasancewa.
Kwayar cutar tarin fuka (Kwayar cutar tarin cuta)
Wannan nau'in bashi da tsayi sosai. Ganyenta da aka watsa tare da gefunan wavy yana da kaso 7 zuwa 10. Varietiesannen iri-iri suna kama da kyau musamman.
Manyan makircin jariri takwas (Schefflera octophylla)
A kan drooping petiole akwai daga ganye 8 zuwa 12, siffar wacce ke da elongated-lanceolate. Har ila yau ganyen yana da lamuran launi masu haske da tikwantattun bayanai. Idan ganye mai launin fata mai launin ruwan hoda yana da launi mai launin zaitun, to, har yanzu suna ƙuruciya, daga ƙarshe kuma sun zama kore.
Jigilar kwayar cuta ko jigilar kwayar cuta (Schefflera actinophylla)
Tana da daskararrun petioles, wanda aka fentin su cikin launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Ganyenta masu haske, gwargwadon iri-iri, ana fentin launin rawaya mai launin zinare ko zaitun, har da kore mai laushi.
