Koleria ganye ne na zamani. Girma shi ne mai sauqi qwarai, amma saboda wasu dalilai hakan ba ya zama na gama-gari tsakanin masoya fure ba. Duk da gaskiyar cewa lokacin fure na launi yana da tsawo da kyau.
Ife codiferous
Koleria (lat. Kohléria) - wani nau'in halittar herbaceous tsire-tsire na dangin Gesneriaceae (Gesneriaceae) tare da ganyayyaki gaban m; na ado na tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Homelandan asalin ƙasarsu sune yankuna na wurare masu zafi na Amurka.
Kimanin nau'ikan tsire-tsire 65 na dangin Gesnerius suna cikin tarancin Koleria (Kohleria Regel). An rarraba shi daga Mexico zuwa Amurka ta Tsakiya, a Columbia, a tsibirin na Trinidad.
Sunan halittar ya fito ne daga sunan farfesa na kimiyyar halitta daga Zurich, Michael Kohler, wanda ya rayu a karni na 19.
Wakilan halittar HALITTAR ne tsire-tsire na tsiron herbaceous ko tsiro mai tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan rhizomes scaly tube.
Ganyayyaki suna akasin haka, ovate-oblong, gefen gefen gari, tsayin 12-15 cm, tsayi 8 cm faɗin, tare da farfajiya mai tsayi. A cikin nau'ikan daban-daban, zasu iya zama koren duhu mai duhu tare da jan launi, ko kore mai zaitun tare da labulen tsakiya mai haske, mai haske ko riƙ, tare da farin farin ko jan launi. Launin ganye a ganye yana iya zama na azurfa ko tagulla.
Koleriy Bloom sosai profusely. Furanni suna da guda ɗaya ko 2-3 a cikin axilin peduncle. Corollas mai siffa da kera tare da bututu har zuwa 5 cm, kadan ya kumbura daga ƙasa, yana matsawa zuwa ga pharynx. Wasu furanni sun yi kama da wasu. Falo-falo mai buɗe buɗe yana da faffadan lotuse biyar da aka rufe da ɗambin yawa, saƙo, da dige. Launi na furanni a cikin nau'ikan halitta sun bambanta: ruwan hoda tare da farin pharynx a cikin matsanancin duhu mai ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, mai ruwan hoda-ja tare da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da duhu ja; launin ruwan kasa mai launin fari tare da farin dige da farin fatima tare da tsarin ruwan hoda, da sauransu.
Koleriy ya dace da ɗakunan dumi, kamar Achimenes. A cikin al'adun, an samo nau'ikan halittu masu yawa sakamakon sakamakon tsaka-tsakin yanayi, akasarinsu K. bogotensis, K. digitaliflora, K. amabilis da wasu nau'ikan; wadannan matasan ana sanasu ne ta hanyar sunayensu. Jiki ya kara ceri, fuchsia, zinari, amethyst, inuwa kore har ma da "damisa" masu launuka zuwa launin furanni. A al'ada, sanannu ne, sanannu da ƙananan siffofin an san su.
Dauke da launuka abu ne mai sauki fiye da sauran gesneriaceae., basu cika ainihin yanayin zafi ko zafin jiki ba. Yanayi na yau da kullun a cikin mazaunin gidaje zai dace da su.
Wakili (daga ...)
Siffofin Girma
Zazzabi
Coleria fi son zafin jiki matsakaici. A lokacin zafi na digiri 20-25 C. Idan shuka ta daina fure, i.e. shiga wani lokaci mai narkewa, ya fi kyau ka rage zafin jiki zuwa 15 - 17 digiri C. Lokacin zabar wurin don tsarin launi, dole ne mutum ya yi la’akari da cewa ba ta son zayyan zane.
Haske
Koleria tsire-tsire ne mai hoto. Tana buƙatar wurin da aka kunna sosai, amma a lokacin rani kada ta kasance mai zafi kuma kada a fallasa ta hasken rana kai tsaye. A lokacin cin amana, idan kwaya ba ta sa ganye ba, hakanan yana buƙatar samar da ingantaccen hasken wuta.
Watse
A lokacin girma da fure, i.e. daga bazara zuwa kaka, shayar da launi ya kamata a yi a matsakaici. Kada a bada izinin sarrafa ruwa, amma bushewa shima shima ba'a so. A cikin hunturu, ana buƙatar ƙara rage ruwa. Idan wani yanki na tsiron ya mutu a lokacin hunturu, dole ne a sanya ƙasa da rhizome a lokaci-lokaci a ɗan jika domin ƙarar ta bushe.
Jin zafi
Coleria na iya girma a cikin iska mai bushe, amma yana son ƙarin rigar microclimate. Koyaya, ganyayensa masu kauri baya iya jurewa saukad da ruwan da ya fado akan su. Sabili da haka, don ƙirƙirar babban zafi, yana da mahimmanci don fesa ba shuka ba, amma iska a kusa da shi, da kuma sanya akwati tare da launi a cikin tire tare da daskararren daskararru ko yumɓu da aka lalace. Don shayarwa da feshi, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ruwan dumi.
Michael Beat
Kiwo
Yana yiwuwa a yadu da koleriya ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ta hanyar rarraba rhizome, cutukan apical, da tsaba. Mafi sauƙaƙa shine rarrabuwa tsakanin rhizome da dasa tushen yan itace. Sake buguwa ba tare da matsaloli ba faruwa a kowane lokaci na shekara, amma cikin sauri da ƙarfi - a cikin bazara. An sanya yankan cut a cikin ruwa kuma bayan an dasa tushen a cikin tukwane. An yanke sassan rhizome a hankali a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin kusan 2 cm kuma an shayar, ba ƙyale ƙasa ta bushe ba.
Juyawa
Don dasawa, ana amfani da kwantena masu fa'ida da mara ruwa. Tabbatar samar da magudanar ruwa. An bada shawarar yin sauyi kowace rana; mazauna kan habaka sosai a cikin shekarar.
Taki
Tattara da mallaka a lokacin aiki flowering, daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta tare da takin gargajiya na musamman don tsire-tsire fure. Ana yin miya babba sau ɗaya a mako. A lokacin dormancy, takin shuka ba a bukatar.
Cutar da kwari
Koleria - unpretentious shuka, kwaro na cutar. Koyaya, aphids da kwando na gizo-gizo na iya bayyana akan ganye da harbe, yayin da ganyayyaki da harbe suka fara bushewa da nakasa. Fiyewar danshi na ƙasa na iya haifar da jujjuyawar.
Ya kamata kuma a tuna cewa ƙungiyar shishshigi ita ce tsire-tsire mai ƙoshin gaske, tare da kayan kiwo na ganyayyaki kuma idan ruwa ya hau kansu, aibobi sun bayyana a kansu, ganyayyakin sun fara bushewa suna faɗuwa, bayyanar tsiron ya lalace.
© scott.zona
Kulawa
Shuke-shuke tare da mai faɗi na tsawon lokaci. Yana fure a lokacin rani da damina. A lokacin rani, ana sa su a cikin ɗaki mai dumi, mai haske tare da ɗumbin zafi, ana ciyar da su kai tsaye tare da cikakken ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya, ana shayar dasu a ko'ina, zazzabi shine 18-22. Ana buƙatar isasshen adadin haske, amma ana ɗan ƙaramin haske daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Spraying ba da shawarar, tun saukad da na ruwa bar mummuna a kan ganye pubescent. A cikin kaka, bayan fure, an rage yawan ruwa. A cikin hunturu, tare da farawa da zamani mai narkewa, sashin sama na shuka ya mutu. Rhizomes da aka bari a cikin ƙasa ana ajiyar su a cikin wuri mai sanyi, bushe a zazzabi kusan 12-14 ° C. A cikin bazara an dasa su cikin cakuda ganye da ƙasa turf, peat da yashi (2: 1: 0.5: 0.5) a cikin ƙananan kwanukan ko tukwane da magudanar ruwa mai kyau.
Propagated a cikin bazara da tsaba samu ta wucin gadi pollination, rhizomes da cuttings. Ana shuka ƙananan tsaba ba tare da yin barci a cikin cakuda peat da yashi (1: 1). Otsan itacen ana shuka su sau biyu - ana dasa su da yardar rai, sannan seedlingsan girma da ake shuka ana shuka su ɗaya bayan ɗaya a cikin manyan tukwane. Yankan ya kafe a cikin yashi ko cakuda peat da yashi (1: 1).
Michael Beat
Dabbobi
Digitalis colouria - Kohleria digitaliflora.
Babban tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire tare da harbe-harbe kai tsaye zuwa 80 cm tsayi kuma an ɗora shi da rhizomes na ƙasa. Ganyayyaki suna akasin haka, ovate-oblong, 12-15 cm tsayi, 7-8 cm m, kore kore. Furanni suna da guda ɗaya ko 2-3 a cikin axilin peduncle. Corolla yana da kararrawa mai kama da bututu na 3-5 cm, wanda aka suturta shi daga kasa, ya fi kunkuntar zuwa ga pharynx, kuma tare da yatsun bude baki mai laushi guda 5, launin kore mai rawaya-kore a saman, manyan biyu masu duhu. Dukkanin tsire-tsire ne mai matukar yawa tare da farin gashi.
Cutar zazzaɓi- Kohleria amabilis.
Ya bambanta da nau'ikan da suka gabata a cikin ƙananan girma, fadi, ganye mai siffar kwai, shuɗi-kore, launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da jijiyoyi, da ƙarami (tsawon tsayin 2 cm) furanni ruwan hoda mai haske tare da fyaɗe rassa a kan reshe.
Kohleria eriantha
Tsarin da ya kusan girma zuwa ga colouria na digitalis. An kwatanta shi da ganye mai launin shuɗi duhu mai duhu tare da launin shuɗi tare da gefen da ƙasa tare da jijiya da furanni masu ruwan shuɗi-fure har zuwa 5 cm tsayi, tare da ɗigon rawaya a kan ƙananan lobes na reshe.
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