A cikin m ganye daga babban kanti ya ƙunshi har zuwa 60% nitrates, amma bitamin - ƙaramin digo. Sabili da haka, miliyoyin matan aure sun yanke shawarar fara girma alayyafo a kan windowsill, wanda ke tsiro zuwa shuka mai kyau, kulawa da girbi.
A cikin aikin gona, ana shuka tsiron kamar yadda ya danganta da lokacin girbin: farkon, tsakiyar-ripening da marigayi iri. Koyaya, yanayin zafi mafi kyau don haɓakar haɓaka shine 16-18 ° C.
Amazing alayyafo narkar a kan windowsill
Daruruwan nau'ikan al'adu an buge da su a dakunan gwaje-gwajen kimiyya. Yawancinsu suna da kyakkyawan kariya daga cuta. Hybrids suna da tsayayya ga cututtukan cuta masu cutarwa, waɗanda ke haifar da ƙira, cuta da lalata.
Mai siyar yana fuskantar zaɓin iri-iri
Mataki na farko yana farawa da zaɓi na kayan dasa kayan da suka dace. Farmerswararrun manoma sun bambanta nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda ke yin nasarar girma a cikin yanayin greenhouse. Don namo kayan yaji daga tsaba a kan windowsill, ana bada shawara don zaɓar nau'in waɗannan:
- Gigantic. Tsawon lokaci ba ya fara kibiya, yana tsayayya wa tarin nitrates kuma yana da kyanda mai sanyi. An yanke itace mai zurfi a ƙarƙashin tushen makonni 3 bayan dasa.
- Ganyen ganye. Arin yawan ganye yana da wadatar ƙoshin lafiya da furotin. An yarda da iri-iri don amfani da abincin jariri. Lokacin yin girki shine kwanaki 31.
- Matador. Ya fi son m kasar gona da yalwa watering. Daga germination zuwa cikakken ripening yana ɗaukar kwanaki 40-50. Cikakken kanti ya ƙunshi ganye mai kauri waɗanda aka yanke ga komai.
- Wirofle dodanni. Anyi la'akari da farkon, saboda a cikin hunturu alayyafo akan windowsill za'a iya girbe shi a farkon kwanaki 28 da daga baya. Dajin daji na ganye mai santsi ya kai 16-18 cm a diamita.
Don samun amfanin gona a shekara, yawancin masana'antun suna ba da shawarar yanayi da yawa a kowace kakar. Zaman tsakanin su ya kasance ne daga ranakun 10 zuwa 15.
Koyaya, kwanakin da aka nuna suna da alaƙa, tunda ingancin substrate yana shafar tsiron. Hakanan ba ƙaramin rawar da aka taka ta yanayin yanayi ba. Bugu da kari, tilas ne a sanya kulawa ta musamman akan yadda ake girma alayyafo akan windowsill a cikin gidan.
Lokaci na shirye-shiryen - aiki tare da tsaba da ƙasa
Masu shayarwa sun bada tabbacin cewa za'a iya yin shuka iri biyu a kaka-damuna da lokacin bazara. Babban abu shine a zabi iri tare da manyan faranti masu faranti. Kyakkyawan harbe zai bayyana da sauri idan:
- jiƙa tsaba a cikin ruwa mai dumi na awa 24;
- sannan a kula da awanni 2-4 a cikin wani matakin da ya dace na ma'adinin potassium;
- sai a bar ƙwayayen ta bushe ta hanyar rufe su a tawul ɗin takarda.
Godiya ga irin wannan "kayan aikin spa" kayan aikin dasa zasu kumbura sosai. A sakamakon haka, maɓallin ƙaƙƙarfan laushi yana ba da izinin fitar da tazara da sauri. Ruwa mai lalatarwa yana lalata dukkan ƙwayoyin cuta da ɓarna na ɓoyayyen da aka samu a cikin tsaba.
Yana faruwa cewa lambu ba shi da damar jiƙa. A wannan yanayin, masana sun bada shawarar yalwata kasar gona a cikin akwati kafin shuka.
Muna shirya ƙasa canzawa
Da farko, uwargidan tana buƙatar yanke shawarar wane tsari za ta yi amfani da ita don girma alayyafo a kan windowsill, ko dai tare da ko ba tare da dasawa ba. A farkon lamari, ana amfani da karamin akwati. Bayan fitowar, tsiron ya yi nutse har zuwa wani wuri na dindindin. A zaɓin na biyu, yana da kyau a ɗauki tukunyar filawa ko ba zurfi ba, amma kwano mai fadi. Babban abu shine cewa yana da ramuka na magudanar ruwa. Samun tukunya yana faruwa a wannan hanyar:
- kasan an rufe shi da yumbu mai kauri, tsakuwa ko tubalin da ya karye (kauri Layer 2-3 cm), sannan danshi ba zai yi tururi a cikin ƙananan sashin ba;
- Mix vermicompost (1 bangare) da fiber na kwakwa (2 hours);
- maimakon sashin kwayoyin, ana amfani da perlite ko vermiculite a wasu lokuta (ana ƙara 1-2 tsp zuwa 1 m² na ƙasa).
Ba za ku iya siyan gaurayawar ƙasa ba, wanda ya haɗa da kayan peat. Wannan abu na halitta yana lalata kasar gona kuma, a cewar masana kimiyya, yana inganta koyon bitamin daga tsirrai.
Ofaya daga cikin fasalulluhin ƙasa shine ikon riƙe danshi na dogon lokaci. Bayan haka, a cikin irin wannan yanayi, kwayoyin halitta suka fara lalacewa. Don rage bayyanar fungi da dadda, matan gida suna ƙoƙarin yin amfani da duwatsu na asalin volcanic.
Zaɓin tattalin arziƙi
A lokaci guda, da yawa suna yin amfani da abubuwan da ke ƙasa mai zuwa: ƙasar gona, humus (saniya ko ganye), har da yashi. Abubuwan farko zasu buƙaci sassa 2, sauran kuma - ɗaya a lokaci guda. Kafin dasa shuki, an cakuda cakuda ƙasa da ruwan zãfi ko an shafe shi da wani bayani, sannan a bar shi na rabin sa'a a cikin tanda a 100 ° C.
Don sakamako mafi amfani, an zubar da ƙasa a baya. Yayyafa a kan takardar yin burodi. Tsarin farin ciki ya kai cm 5. Sauraren kwano a cikin kayan yin burodin da aika zuwa murhun. Wannan yana amfani da hanyar ingantacciyar hanyar hanawa.
Babban abu shine dasa shuki da kulawa da alayyafo akan windowsill.
An riga an faɗi a sama cewa za a iya dasa al'adu a kowane lokaci na shekara. Koyaya, yana da daraja la'akari da yanayin yanayin kowannensu. A kwanakin zafi na bazara, dole ne a girgiza shuka, kuma a cikin tsawan lokutan hunturu mai gajimare - don haskakawa da fitilu na musamman (sa'o'in hasken rana ya kamata a yi awoyi 8-12).
Tunda ka yanke shawara kan irin iri, zaka iya zuwa kasuwanci. Taron ya hada da matakai 6 masu sauki:
- Farfajiyar substrate an kwance shi kuma ana amfani da shi sosai.
- Ta amfani da fensir, an girke kogunan rami. Zurfin ciki shine 1.5-2 cm.
- Sa fitar da tsaba, a ɗan yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
- Yayyafa saukowa da ruwa mai dumi.
- Tare da gilashin gilashi ko kayan filastik.
- Bayan kwanaki 5-6, suna cire itacen kore, amma a hankali a hankali domin kumburin ya iya daidaitawa.
Dankin zai iya yin haƙuri da sauƙin zazzabi: 8-10 ° C. Saboda haka, mafi kyawun wurin shuka shine zaba ta hanyar loggias glazed, inda ake kiyaye ƙananan daskararren danshi a koyaushe. Wannan shine sirrin yadda ake girma alayyafo a baranda.
Gardenerswararrun lambu kuma suna yin ginin manyan katako a kan kwantena. Sakamakon haka, ana kiyaye yanayi mai laima ƙarƙashin kwarkwatansu.
Seedlings nutse lokacin da 2 cikakken ganye bayyana. Lokacin da suka sami ƙarfi kuma suka yi ƙarfi a cikin sabuwar ƙasa, an ƙosar da ciyawar da takin zamani. Bayan haka, ana amfani da ammonia (25%), Fitosporin ko hydrogen peroxide (3%). An shirya bayani mai rauni sosai - 20 ana narke 20 a cikin ruwa 1 na ruwa.
Dokar U biyu - Kula da girbi
A cikin yankuna da yawa, yan winters sun yi tsauri sosai, saboda haka an zaɓi wurin da za a dogara don seedlings - windowsill. Amma a cikin lokacin dumama yana da zafi sosai a can kuma danshi ya bushe da sauri. Don haka, mazinaciyar dole ne ta fidda saukinta sau biyu a rana.
Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, akwai ƙa'idodi da yawa ga yadda za a yi girma alayyafo a gida. Haɓaka yawan zafin jiki na ɗakin zuwa 18-20 ° C - yanayi mai kyau don samuwar ƙwayoyin furen. Bayyanar kibiyoyi da kumburi da ke haifar da matukar muhimmanci ga ganye.
Ba tare da kiyaye babban zafi ba, ganye za su fara bushewa da kuma rasa ruwan ɗinsu. An samu godiya ga maimaitawa akai-akai.
An fara fitar da amfanin gona na kwanaki 30 bayan fitowar sa. Tare da wannan lokacin, har zuwa 5-6 cikakkun ganye suna da lokaci don samarwa a cikin mafita. A wannan yanayin, daji ya haɗu har zuwa cm 10. Lokacin da shuka ta saki kibiya, an cire shi gaba ɗaya, an kuma shuka sauran tsaba a cikin ƙasa.
Kamar yadda kake gani, girma alayyafo akan windowsill bashi da wahala. Ka kawai bukatar tara sama, iri-iri, tukunya da dasa substrate. Bayan shuka, dole ne a shayar da tsire-tsire kuma a yayyafa shi. Sabili da haka, a cikin wata daya zai iya yiwuwa a yanke ganyen sabo na ganye mai laushi.
