Forsythia (Forsythia) asalin halittu ne na gandun daji waɗanda suke cikin gidan Maslin. Suna fararen kyawawan furanni a farkon bazara, kuma furanni masu launin shuɗi suna jan idanun kowane mutum. Furen ya samo asali ne ga shahararren masanin kimiyyar ɗan adam William Forsyth, wanda ya tsunduma cikin harkar kiwo da kuma shimfidar wurare na fadar Kensingen. Da farko ya kawo wani daji daga kasar China zuwa wata kasar turai sannan ya kirkiro dukkan ka'idoji domin ci gaban halitta da fure. Ya zama dan farauta na farko da ya yi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar wani keɓaɓɓen kamfani wanda ya fi dacewa da yanayin yanayin Turai.
Zuwa yau, wannan ciyawa ta zama tartsatsi a cikin Rasha, musamman ma kewayen gari. Ana amfani dashi a cikin dabarun gida da yawa, tun da irin wannan nau'in shuka baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ko kuma ƙwarewar aikin gona na musamman.
Abubuwan Forsythia - Bayanin Shuka
Mutane da yawa suna kiran Forsythia ƙaramin itace, amma a cikin nazarin ilimin halitta wannan inji an danganta shi da tsirrai. Tsawonta na iya bambanta daga mita 1 zuwa 3. Ganyayyaki akan bishiyar suna da tsari mai sauƙi, m siffar tare da ƙananan gefuna. Tsawon su daga santimita 2 zuwa 15. A cikin Forsythia, furanni tare da launin shuɗi mai haske mai haske a farkon bazara. Fulawa tayi har zuwa makonni 3, kuma a ƙarshen akwai akwatin 'ya'yan itace tare da tsaba mai fiɗa.
Halin da ya fi dacewa don girma Forsythia
Duk da cewa shuka kanta unpretentious a cikin kulawa, ba ya bukatar ilimi da dabarun musamman, yan lambu sunyi jerin shawarwariwannan zai taimaka cikin sauri da ingantaccen narkarda forsythia:
Dankin bai yi haƙuri ba da zane-zane, don haka zaɓi wani wuri don ci gabansa, dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan fannin kai tsaye. Mafi kyawun yanayi wuri ne da ke da rana sosai, wanda aka rufe daga iska da kuma zayyana, zaku iya amfani da wuraren da aka rufe.- Don haka a nan gaba zai yuwu a tafiyar da shuka yadda ya kamata, dasa kananan tsire-tsire ya zama aƙalla aƙalla mita 1.5.
- Forsythia ya girma a kowace ƙasa, amma don samun kyakkyawan fure da tsayi, kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa ta musamman. Ya kamata ya ƙunshi yashi, humus da ƙasa mai ganye, waɗanda aka ɗauka daidai gwargwado.
- Idan ƙasa a cikin yankuna na da babban acidity, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara lemun tsami ko gawayi.
Dankin bai yi haƙuri ba da zane-zane, don haka zaɓi wani wuri don ci gabansa, dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan fannin kai tsaye. Mafi kyawun yanayi wuri ne da ke da rana sosai, wanda aka rufe daga iska da kuma zayyana, zaku iya amfani da wuraren da aka rufe.Ta yaya forsythia ke yadawa?
Forsythia na iya haifuwa ta hanyoyi da yawa: ƙwaya da tsaba. Mafi sau da yawa, 'yan lambu suna ba da itace. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ƙananan rassa na shuka, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙasa, suna da tushe. Mafi yawan lokuta akwai lokuta lokacin da waɗannan rassan ke ɗaukar tushe daban-daban, wanda ke ba da damar samun sabon shuka.
A cikin yanayin yayin da aka zaɓi hanyar cutarwa, ya zama dole a yanke ƙananan reshe kuma a tono shi a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, yana barci tare da ƙasa ta hanyar santimita 10-15. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a harzuka haushi yayin dasa saboda tsarin tushen zai iya ba da yardar kaina.
Kuna iya amfani da Hanyar yankan daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa Oktoba. A ƙarshen kaka, matashin shuka yana buƙatar kariya ta musamman. Don wannan nasa buƙatar rufe tare da fim kuma suna barci a saman tare da bushewar ganye ko bambaro.
A yau, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka saboda dasa shuki na shuka. An kafe a cikin ƙasa kuma dole a kiyaye shi a cikin hunturu daga daskarewa.
Dokokin saukar ƙasa Forsythia
Don shuka da sauri yayi tushe a cikin ƙasa, don dasa shuki wajibi ne don tono ramuka na 50x50x60 cm a girma.Wannan zai zurfafa tsarin dawakai a cikin ƙasa da santimita 40. Kowane daji mai zuwa na shuka ya kamata a kasance a nesa nesa ba kusa da mita 1.5.
A kasan ramin tilasta shi wajibi ne don sanya magudanar 10 santimita. Zai iya zama karyayye, tubalin dutse. Abu na gaba, an sanya wani yashi a cikin santimita 10, sannan sai an saka wani yashi, yashi ƙasa da peat. Daga sama, lallai ƙasa an rufe shi da itacen ash.
An sanya seedling a cikin ramin da aka shirya kuma an haƙa shi da ƙasa, an yi wanka kuma a shayar da shi.
Shuke-shuke da aka shuka a cikin bazara ba sa buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, kuma waɗanda aka dasa a cikin bazara dole ne su bi hanyar mulching shafin. Abubuwan da za a yi amfani da su don tsari yakamata su kasance masu dacewa, wannan zai taimaka wajen nisantar da muhawarar koda yayin yanayin hunturu.
Dokokin Kulawa na Farko na Forsythia
Don farantawa daji murna da furanni da kyawawan siffofin, lallai ne a lura dashi da kyau.
- Forsythia na buƙatar ciyarwar da ta dace da ta dace. Mafi kyawun watan takin shine Afrilu. Da zarar ya gama fure, ya zama dole don ƙara taki ma'adinai, zai taimaka wajen samar da sabon fure mai fure, wanda za'a buƙaci shekara mai zuwa;
- Kulawar Forsythia ya hada da shayar da lokaci. Mafi sau da yawa, inji yana da isasshen ruwa daga hazo na halitta, amma a kan kwanakin zafi yana da Dole a samar da ƙarin shayarwa akalla sau ɗaya a wata. Da ake buƙata don kulawa yana kwance ƙasa bayan kowace irin wannan ban ruwa. Kwantar da kwalliya ya kamata ya faru zuwa zurfin shebur bayoneti;
- kulawa ta asali ta ƙunshi tumatir. Babban makasudin irin wannan taron zai zama siririn kambin shuka, wanda zai taimaka wajan haɓaka haɓakar sabbin matasa. Kuna buƙatar datsa tsohuwar, rassan da suka lalace zuwa 2/3 na tsawon su. Zai fi kyau a fara aikin da kanta bayan gama fure har sai sabon ganye ya bayyana akan shukar. A cikin yanayin yayin da daji ya zama mai yawa da fadi da yawa, Wajibi ne don aiwatar da pruning na gyaran jiki.
Forsythia
Forsythia a cikin yanayin yanayinmu tsiro 5 daban-daban. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'in yana da halaye na kansa da bambance-bambance na waje. Yau, ana bambanta nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu zuwa:
- Forsythia rataye ko matasan;
- tsallake ko shuka na Turai;
- duhu kore forsythia.
Forsythia rataye
Wannan nau'in galibi ne 'yan lambu ke amfani da su a yankunansu. Ana iya samun hotuna tare da wannan shuka a yawancin. Wannan ciyawar ta kai mita 3, yayin da rassa ke hawa, suna jan ruwa.
The mai tushe ne zaitun a launi, zuba m a siffar da toothy gefuna. A lokacin furanni, furanni masu haske na fure mai haske akan shuka, diamita wanda shine kusan santimita 2. Dukkansu An tattara bayanan inflorescences 3-5.
Forsythia mai ruwa
Wannan tsiro shine sakamakon gwaje-gwajen zaɓe. Yana jure sanyi da fari, yayin da bayyanar wannan shukar ke da marmari. Tsawonta ya kai mita 3.5, harbe na iya zama kai tsaye ko karkata. A lokacin furanni, inflorescences rawaya mai haske ya bayyana akan bishiyar. Wannan nau'in yana buƙatar kulawa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, wanda ke sa ya zama mafi mashahuri a tsakanin masu lambu.
Forsythia mai ban tsoro
A cikin hoto, wannan nau'in shrub yana da kyakkyawan sifofi. Tsawonta ya bambanta tsakanin mita 2, yayin da rawanin ya bazu ganye da rassa. A lokacin furanni, duk daji yana da kyau an rufe shi da inflorescences rawaya mai haske. Da zarar lokacin furanni ya ƙare, shuren shima yayi kama da ban mamaki, kamar kyawawan launuka masu launuka iri-iri suna bayyana a kai.
Wannan nau'in ƙwayar forsythia a gaban kowa kuma yana da kallo mai ban mamaki a cikin faɗuwa.
Forsythia Turai
Wannan tsire-tsire yana jan hankalin yan lambu tare da kamannin sa, koyaushe yana samar da gado mai ban mamaki tare da babban diamita. Furanni a kai yayin furanni suna da launin ruwan lemo mai haske, ganye kuma launin rawaya. Wani fasalin wannan shuka shine tsawon rai: a wuri guda, shuka zai iya girma har zuwa shekaru 70.
Forsythia mai duhu kore
Sunan shuka ya bayyana cikakkiyar bayyanar sa. Furanni a kan shuka suna da kyakkyawan koren launi mai haske, ganye kuma duhu kore. Wannan nau'in ba a kulawa da shi, baya jin tsoron fari, saukowarsa ma ba shi da wahala. A shuka na iya girma ko da a cikin m m.
Cututtuka da kwari forsythia tsoro
M, wannan shuka ba ji tsoron cututtuka da kwari. Amma wani lokacin zaku iya haduwa cutar fungal kamar Phomopsis. Sananan girma a cikin nau'in warts sun bayyana akan shuka. Ba zai yiwu a warkar da irin wannan cuta ba, ya zama dole ne a haƙa tsohuwar Forsythia kuma a sa wani sabo a cikin sa.
Hakanan zaka iya lura akan ganyen tsire-tsire da aka rufe da ƙananan aibobi ko tatsuniyoyi - wannan alama ce ta lalacewar Altenaria naman gwari ko Phyllosticta. Kuna iya yakar wannan cuta tare da sulfate na tagulla.
Fungi Lygus da Poeecilcapsus suna ba da gudummawa ga samuwar ƙwayoyin kirji a cikin ganyayyaki. Don magance shi wajibi ne don amfani da maganin kashe kwari.
A cikin yanayin lokacin da shuka ya fara bushewa, ana iya bi da shi da baseazole ko captan. Hakanan zaka iya degrease kasar gona ta amfani da carbathion.
Mafi sau da yawa, sanadin hana iska na iya zama kewaya Tushen. Don kaucewa irin wannan lalacewa, ya wajaba don daidaita ingantaccen ruwa. Mafi kyawun kula a cikin wannan yanayin shine lita 15 na ruwa kowane mako 3.
A wannan tsarin, lokacin da tushen tsarin ya lalace, to ba kwa buƙatar zubar da shuka nan da nan. Ya isa ya tono ta, yanke duk wuraren da ya lalace kuma jiƙa tushen tsarin a cikin maganin warware rabin rabin sa'a. Dasa wannan daji ya kamata a za'ayi a cikin wani sabon, rami shirya. A wannan yanayin, tsarin namo da haifuwa zai zama mara tabo.
Wace wuri Forsythia take ɗaukar zane-zanen ƙasa?
Wannan shuka shine mafi yawanci zaɓaɓɓun don karkatar da ɗakunan hutu na rani, filayen lambun. A yau ana shuka wannan tsiro sosai a cikin harabar birni, wuraren shakatawa, saboda yana buƙatar ƙaramar kulawa, amma a lokaci guda yana da bayyanar marmari kuma yana iya yin saurin alatu. Baya ga farkon fure, wannan shuka tana samarwa kyakkyawan inuwa a lokacin ranikuma a cikin hunturu yana da babban ra'ayi. Yawancin masu zanen fili suna dasa Forsythia tare da wasu tsire-tsire masu kama, wanda ke samar da kyakkyawan gefen, mai jan hankali.
Hakanan, a yau zaku iya samun ingantattun abubuwa da yawa daga nau'ikan Forsythia, wanda ke ba ku damar amfani da launuka masu haske da ƙirƙirar kusurwa na dabbobin daji na musamman waɗanda za su ƙawata da farin ciki ga kowa. Forsythia - haifuwar wanda zai iya yin ado da kowane wuri, na iya zama babban jigon ƙirar ƙira.
Forsythia ita ce perennial unpretentious shukawanda ke buƙatar ƙaramar kulawa. Abinda kawai kuke buƙata shine siyan itace, dasa shi daidai kuma ku lura da shi har shekara guda, kuma za'a samar da kyakkyawan koren kore a wurin. Har ila yau, maimaitawa baya buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa. Irin wannan shuka na iya yin girma sosai.
