Daga cikin manyan furanni iri iri a duniyarmu, carnation ya mamaye wuri na musamman. Kyakkyawan fure mai daraja da yawa don ƙarni da yawa sun yi wahayi game da yanayin soyayya. An rubuta wakoki da waƙoƙi da yawa game da shi. Sau da yawa, cloves suna bayyana a cikin su a matsayin alamar nuna girman kai, tsarkaka har ma da abokin damuwa.
Tun zamanin da, mutane sun lura da kaddarorin warkarwa na fure mai kayatarwa, don haka sukan yi amfani da shi don magance cututtuka. An danganta da ikon mu'ujiza ga shuka, wanda ya sa a ɗauka a kan hanya ko a adana shi azaman kayan gida. Dangane da tatsuniyoyin Helenanci, ana ɗaukar furen wani ɓangaren mutum ne kuma alamar alama ce ta kyawawan halaye.
Kusancin furanni mai daraja
Yayi kyau cewa mutanen da ke kula da su suna duban masarautar shuka da ke kewaye da mu a hankali. An nuna sha'awar su a cikin waƙoƙi da waƙoƙi waɗanda ke kan bakin ƙarni da yawa na dogon lokaci. Me ke jan hankalin 'yar fari da kanta? Its eccentricity.
Abin sha'awa shine, masu binciken tsire-tsire na Jaman sun kira fure "" carnation ". Dalilin wannan shine ƙanshi mai dadi wanda ke ɗaukar wata itaciya mai kama da ƙwayar ɗanɗano ta dabaru. A zahiri, babu wani abu daya gama gari tsakanin tsirrai.
Shahararren masanin ilimin botanist na Sweden Karl Liney, wanda furanni ke so ya ba shi, ya sanya masa suna "Dianthus". Fassara zuwa Rashanci, wannan na nufin "fure na allahntaka." Zuwa yau, a cikin yanayin halitta, akwai nau'ikan carnations sama da 300. Dukkaninsu ana rarrabe su azaman shekara-shekara, na biennial da perennial waɗanda ke da halaye daban-daban. Abinda kawai ya haɗu dasu shine ɗaukakar m buds.
Nazarin nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri daban-daban, masu nazarin halittu sun gano cewa furanni albasa sune:
- a iri daya;
- a cikin nau'i na panicle;
- ɗan dako;
- kananan;
- babba;
- mai sauki;
- terry;
- tare da wari mai daɗi;
- ba tare da ƙanshi ba;
- tare da m petals;
- tare da jagged tukwici na inflorescences.
Kofin budo yana da siffar ƙaramin silima. A cikin sashinta na sama akwai furanni 5 masu launuka daban-daban. Sun kewaye gida biyu masu kyau da sito guda ɗaya. Kowane fure yana da tushe mai karammiski, gefuna wanda aka yi wa ado da kalar asali. Kyakkyawan fure mai kyau!
Tushen Clove na asali sune:
- tsari mai santsi;
- halin ciyawa;
- tare da kasancewar nodules;
- guda ɗaya;
- tare da rassa da yawa;
- dan kadan lignified.
Suna girma da takaddun ganye masu layi waɗanda suke gaban juna na launuka iri iri. A cikin wasu nau'in, suna da ciyawa a launi, a cikin wasu - kore mai duhu. Amma dukansu suna rufe da farin haske na azirdiri.
Lokacin da lokacin furanni ya shuɗe, 'ya'yan itaciyar sun bayyana a cikin nau'i na ƙananan akwatunan akan shuka. Suna cika da adadi mai yawa na tsaba a baƙi ko launin ruwan kasa. Abin sha'awa, suna iya zama zagaye, m ko flattened. Amma wannan ba ya tasiri da shuka na tsaba, kowane ɗayansu yana ɗaukar bayani game da ainihin nau'ikan cloves.
Furen yana amfani dashi don shimfidar lambun. An yi musu ado da iyakoki, lambunan dutse, gadaje na fure da kuma ciyawa. Shuka tayi girma sosai ta hanyar ɗayan matakan yanka, wanda yasa ta zama kayan adon titi.
Darajar mulkin carnations
Duk lokacin da muka gamu da carnations a hanya, zamu lura da kyawun da basu da iyaka. A yanayi, akwai ɗaruruwan nau'ikan wannan fure mai ban mamaki. Bayan bincika wasu daga gare su, za ka iya godiya ga regal shuka.
Clove ciyawa
Duk da kyawun girman furanni na lambun da aka girma don yin ado da gadaje, ciyawar daji ba ta da kyau. Anyi amfani da ciyawar Clove a matsayin adon kayan lambu na dogon lokaci. Masana tarihi sun ce an girma a kan gadajen furanni na sanannun sarakunan Turai kafin zamaninmu.
Plantan shekaru shidda yana samun nasarar haɓaka shekaru 6 a ɓangaren gonar. Tana da harbe-harbe da yawa game da 40 cm tsayi, an rufe shi da kyakkyawan fiky foliage. Nisa daga cikin farantin murfin microscopic ya kai 1 mm. Daga waje yana da alama cewa waɗannan sune kawai allurar kore. A zahiri, basu da ƙima, amma masu laushi ga taɓawa. Kowane sandar an rataye shi da karamin inflorescence, na inuwa daban-daban. Mafi yawan buds sune ruwan hoda da shunayya.
A wuraren ciyawa da ciyawa ke tsiro, an rufe ƙasa gaba ɗaya da carpet na fure mai haske. Yana da wannan dukiyar da wannan ƙwararren ciyayin da yake da ƙimar daraja.
A cikin matsanancin yanayin duniyar da ke da zafi, cloves sun fara buɗe buds a ranar 15 ga Yuni. Yanayi mai santsi na tsawan tsire-tsire na kwanaki 45. Kusan yawancin lokacin bazara, zaku iya jin daɗin ciyawar fure na kore magana.
Adabin Turkawa
Sau da yawa ana kiran wannan nau'in shuka "benon", don asalinsa da "cilia". An bambanta carnation na Baturke a cikin hoto ta hanyar madaidaiciya mai tushe tare da ƙananan ƙutsi. Suna isa tare da tsawon tsawon lokacin harbin, har zuwa tsayi cm 75. rowaukar ganye lanceolate masu launin kore masu launin shuɗi ko shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Yawancin furanni masu kamshi na cloves na Turkiyya suna da sauki ko kuma terry. An tattara su a cikin furannin corymbose na irin wannan tabarau:
- fari
- kirim;
- ruwan hoda
- ja
- lilac;
- motley.
Itace tayi fure a tsakiyar bazara, tana murnar magoya bayanta har zuwa farkon kaka. A cikin aikin lambu, ana amfani da nau'ikan cloves na Turkiyya da yawa.
Idan akwai sha'awar shuka irin wannan fure a kan gadon filawa na ƙasa, yakamata a yi la’akari da muhimmiyar hujja. Yawancin lambu suna amfani da shekaru biyu. Sabili da haka, a farkon kakar, sai kawai kafewar tushe za ta sami tushe a gonar. Buds zai bayyana ne kawai a cikin shekara guda.
Clover shabo
Asalin shuka na wannan nau'in na yanzu ya bayyana ne sakamakon aikin haɗin gwiwar masu shayarwa. A cewar wasu rahotanni, wani masani ne dan kasar Faransa mai suna Chabot ya karbe wannan tsiron a karni na 19. A yau ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin aikin gona a Turai, Asiya da arewacin Afirka. Hakan yana rayuwa daidai akan ƙasa mai narkewa tare da kasancewar magudanar ruwa.
Carnation Shabo shine daji mai fure tare da rhizome mai ƙarfi. Otsan buɗe ido tare da nodules har zuwa 60 cm high suna fitowa daga gare ta .. Daga ƙasa zuwa sama an rufe su da faranti masu launin shuɗi-kore, kusan 12 cm.
A ƙarshen tukwanen harbe a tsakiyar bazara, terry ko rabin-terry buds na wannan launi buɗe:
- fari, kiwo, m;
- rawaya, lemun tsami, lemo;
- kodadde da ruwan hoda mai haske;
- ja, Scarlet da jini.
Ana bambance filayen kwalliyar kwalliya ta wata matacciyar farfajiya tare da gefuna da aka yanke. Mafi mashahuri hybrids da aka samo a cikin tsakiyar latitude sune:
- Jeanne Dionysus;
- Sarauniya ruwan hoda;
- Aurora
- Sarkin wuta
- Kwallon kafa
Tun da shuka ba ya buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa lokacin girma, yawancin lambu suna son shi.
Carnation na kasar Sin
A cikin yanayin muhalli, ana samun fure a kan ƙushin ƙasa na Sinawa na Arewa, Korea da Mongolian. An shuka nau'in halittu masu tasowa don tsara wuraren lambun sirri, a cikin wuraren shakatawa na birni da gadaje fure na waje.
Carnation na kasar Sin fure ne na fure wanda ke tsiro a cikin tsayi har zuwa 50 cm.
Yawancin harbe-harben knotty an rufe su da kunkuntar ganye. Wasu lokuta, saboda tsayin su, suna murɗawa kaɗan, wanda ke ba su sakamako na musamman na ado.
Manyan locatedan kutututtuka ana buɗe su a tukwicin kafa mai tushe. Yawancin lokaci suna da keɓaɓɓu kuma ana zane su da ruwan hoda, fari da burgundy. Petals yawanci terry ne. Nasihu masu rauni tare da gyaran sabon abu. Blossom a farkon Yuni da Bloom lushly har zuwa farkon watan Agusta.
Clove Clove
Itace mai laushi mai zurfi wanda ke girma cikin yanayi akan tsaunin tuddai da tuddai na ƙasashen Turai, yana jan hankalin mutane da yawa. Clorus cloves suna da tushen fibrous kuma suna kafa harbe tare da ƙananan nodules. A kansu kananan ganyayyaki kore na allura mai siffa-allura suna zaune dabam.
Inflorescences abu ne mai sauki ko sau biyu. A guda kisan ko a cikin hanyar sako-sako da lafazin inflorescences. Ta hanyar launi, an samo su:
- ruwan hoda;
- fari
- m
- reds.
Farfajiyar fure-fure an samo asali ne kusan rabin tsayin su. Wannan yanayin na toho yana sanya cloves na musamman kuma mai kyan gani. Carnation blooms a farkon watan bazara kuma yana gamsar da magoya bayanta koyaushe har zuwa tsakiyar shi. Ana amfani da furanni don yin ado da gadaje na birni da wuraren shakatawa.
Cire albasa
Dabbobi masu ban mamaki na fure mai ban mamaki suna bambanta ta hanyar tsarin tushen, wanda zai iya girma cikin sauri. A sakamakon haka ne matashi-dimbin yawa fure dada shrubs. Carnation-leaf carnation a cikin yanayin halitta yana girma a cikin kwaruruka da kwaruruka, a tsaunukan dutse da kan dutse.
Cwarewa daga gani shine kasancewar faranti mpempe. A matsakaici, tsayin su ya kai mm 30, kuma faɗin faɗin ya zama mm 1 kawai. Duk da irin waɗannan ƙananan ganye, ofan itacen da ya shuka ya yi girma da ƙanshi. An tattara su cikin paniculate corymbose inflorescences. Buds suna bayyana a farkon lokacin bazara kuma suna ci gaba da yin fure har zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli.
Sandar carnation
Furen fure mai ban mamaki yana da tushen tushen ƙarfi wanda ya bar harbe-harbe. An kafa buds a kan tsayi, tsage-tsalle mai tsini tare da tsayi 30 cm tsayi. Kowane fure na inflorescence na yashi cloves yana da zurfin watsa kuma yayi kama da kullin wuta. Furen an fentin launin shuɗi ko fari.
Ana samun tsire-tsire a tsakiyar da gabashin Turai, Caucasus da Terimorsky Territory. Yana blooms tsawon isa - daga farkon Yuni zuwa Satumba. Ana amfani dashi don yin ado da gadajen fure na birni, a cikin ɗakunan rani da wuraren kore na yankin kewayen birni.
Lamb cloves (Yaren mutanen Holland)
Plantungiyar shuka ta ƙunshi nau'ikan carnations masu tsayi, wanda ya kai girman cm 80. A kan tsayayyen tsayi mai tsayi, ana iya ganin ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi. Manyan furanni na cloves a cikin lambun suna ƙirƙirar hat na launuka na launuka daban-daban. Wasu zaɓuɓɓuka ana bambanta su da launuka ɗaya. Shekaru 6 da suka wuce, masu shayarwa sun buge da sababbin nau'ikan furanni na fure, don haka a yau akwai adadi mai yawa daga gare su.
Ofayansu shine nau'ikan launuka iri-iri. An rarrabe ta da furanni masu ƙanshi, waɗanda sune:
- fari
- reds;
- ruwan hoda.
Carnation na Bush ya girma zuwa 60 cm, saboda haka ana yawan amfani dashi don samar da bouquets. Yana fure tsawon watanni 4, bayan haka 'ya'yan itacen da ke cike da tsaba suka bayyana.
Filin carnation
Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin gaske suna girma kusan ko'ina cikin Turai. An samo shi a cikin gandun daji da kuma m ciyawa. Filin filayen suna da tsarin tushen tushe mai ƙarfi, daga abin da aka kawo shinge mai kafaɗa tare da tsayinsa ya kai 40 cm. Theirwallon su yana yin ado da guda ɗaya mai sauki. 
M petals ne kadan danko. Edges tare da notches cewa kama sosai cute.
Clove blooms daga farkon zamanin bazara. Budsarshen buds na ƙarshe sun bayyana a tsakiyar watan Agusta. Saboda haka, inji yana haɓaka wani ido don kusan duka kakar.
Lush cloves
Ana rarrabe murfin murhun maras launi ta musamman, saboda kayan adon saƙo na bakin ciki suna jujjuya alheri tare da bayyanar iska mai haske. Ya girma zuwa tsawo na cm 50. Girman siririnsa an rufe shi da ganye na lanceolate, wanda akan sa jijiyoyin bakin ciki a bayyane.
M buds suna fentin farin ko purple. An yanke gefuna na furannin furanni, wanda ke bawa furanni fara'a ta musamman. Ana amfani da furen a cikin ƙirƙirar shimfidar wuri mai faɗi, tunda fara carnation an haɗa shi da wasu launuka na lambun. A lokacin furanni, tsirrai suna fitowa da wari mai daɗi, wanda ke kawo wa mutane tausayi da gaske tare da yanayin gidan ƙasa.
Dokoki don dasa shuki mai cute
Bayan bincika shahararrun nau'ikan cloves, zaka iya ganin wannan fure ana amfani dashi sosai don yin kwalliyar ɗakunan rani. Amma, duk da fasaha na nau'in al'adun wannan shuka, ana ƙimar nau'in daji babu ƙasa. Daga cikinsu, ciyawa da ciyawa. Bayan girma da waɗannan nau'ikan a gaban lambun a cikin ƙasa, zaku iya ƙara bayanin kula da yanayin pristine a cikin ƙananan shimfidar wuri.
Shuka da kulawa da ciyawa na ciyawa, hoto wanda yake taimaka ganinshi cikin dukkan ɗaukakarsa, ya haɗa da waɗannan ayyukan:
- shuka iri;
- hanyar itace;
- lokacin shayarwa:
- saman miya kasar gona.
Kafin shuka tsaba na cloves na daji, yana da muhimmanci a shirya ƙasa. Don yin wannan, an lalata ta da hanyoyi na musamman don kashe kwari mai yiwu a ciki. Bayan haka, an haɗa yashi a cikin ƙasa, gauraye da ƙananan kwantena sun cika. Bayan haka, zaku iya shuka ciyawa. Rike tukwane mafi kyau a cikin ɗakin dumi a zazzabi na akalla digiri 16. 
Lokacin da tsiron ya tashi kuma ya yi ƙarfi, ana dasa su akan wuri na dindindin a cikin filin ƙasar.
Kasa shiri da shuka da tsaba fara a farkon Mayu. Godiya ga wannan, ƙwayar za ta kasance a shirye don bazara, lokacin da za a rage barazanar sanyi.
Shuka ciyawa da ciyawa a cikin hanyar Cherenkov ya ƙunshi waɗannan dabaru:
- yanke;
- haifuwa ta amfani da keɓaɓɓen launi;
- rarraba bushes.
Za a fara yin yankan a farkon lokacin bazara, a zabi tsire-tsire masu dacewa. Ya kamata su yi tsawon cm 10. Sun yanke a wani kwana, cire ƙananan fararen fararen ganye da kuma sanya ciyawar a cikin akwati tare da ƙasa. Bayan yawan shayarwa, an rufe akwati tare da fim ko agrofibre. Lokacin da seedling ya taurare, ana shuka shi akan rukunin yanar gizon.
Hanyar dasa cloves na ciyawar ciyawa ba ta amfani da layering ba sau da yawa ana amfani da shi, saboda wannan yana buƙatar tsawon lokaci mai tushe na shuka. Idan akwai, an sanya ramin a cikin internode kuma a haƙa shi da ƙasa. Sakamakon yawan ruwa, Tushen zai yi girma a lokacin farashi. Yanzu ana iya haƙa shi kuma a dasa shi a kan sabon rukunin yanar gizon.
Raba of cloves na ciyawa ciyawa watakila shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don dasa shuki. Wannan hanyar mai sauki ce: an raba wani yanki na daji kuma an dasa shi a cikin sabon yankin. Yawancin shayarwa da carnations sun riga sun girma a gaban lambun.
Domin shuka ya yi fure a shekarar farko ta dasawa, ana yin ayyukan rarraba bushes zai fi kyau a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Maris.
Tun lokacin da ciyawa ciyawa shuka ne unpretentious, Ya isa ya samar masa da dace ruwa da kuma na yau da kullum saman miya na kasar gona. Babban yanayin shine sarrafa zafi wanda ya sa tushen cloves kar su juya.
Hakazalika, dasa da kuma kula da perennial cloves na gona ba da za'ayi. Domin shuka ya yi fure muddin zai yiwu a yankin na kewayen birni, ya fi kyau dasa shi a wuraren da ba rana. Tufafin da aka shirya a kai a kai da kuma shayarwa na yau da kullun zasu samar da itaciyar da wadatar kwanciyar hankali na duk lokacin. Bugu da kari, yana da kyau a cire cire iri iri daga cikin harbe don ba da damar shuka ta zama tushe. A cikin hunturu, an rufe cloves, musamman idan babu dusar ƙanƙara a yankin.
To, a cikin dacha a cikin shimfidar wuri mai shimfiɗa zane jan jan wuta koyaushe zai haɓaka - alama ce ta alheri da ƙauna ta gaske.
