Zobo ya zo daga Turai da Asiya, inda har yanzu yake girma a cikin daji. Kamar yadda kayan lambu na daji, zobo ya kasance sananne ga mutane tun kafin lokacin prehistoric. A cikin duniya flora - kusan nau'ikan 200. A lokacin Tsararraki, an fara noma ta a cikin gidajen lambuna.
Jasmin & Wardi
Sobo Harshen Latin Rumex
Farkon ambaton wannan shuka a matsayin kayan lambu na kayan lambu ya koma ƙarni na 12 (Faransa). A cikin Russia, zobo ya daɗe ana la'akari da ciyawa ba a ci shi ba, kawai a cikin ƙarni na kwanan nan sun fara shuka shi a cikin gidajen lambun - galibi talakawa ko zobo mai tsami.
Ownersan ƙasar Rasha na maɓallan sirri ba da gaske suke yin tasirin wannan kayan lambu na gona ba, amma a halin da ake ciki, a cewar masana, har yanzu yana da ƙima don ɗaukar ɗan ƙasa don zobo.. Misali, idan kawai zobo da gaske yana daya daga cikin farkon albarkatun kayan lambu. Harbe wannan tsiro na zamani yakan bayyana da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. A ƙarshen Mayu, kuma wani lokacin ma a farkon, ganye na matasa, sun kai 10 cm, sun riga sun ci abinci. A lokacin girma ciyar 4-5 yanke kowane kwanaki 10-15. An gama girbi a cikin Yuli, lokacin da ganyayyaki suka bushe da tara dumbin acid oxalic, wanda ba shi da amfani ga mutane.
A lokacin bazara da farkon lokacin bazara, ganyen zobo sun mamaye malic da citric acid; a cikin ganyayyaki matasa, akwai yawancin bitamin, musamman C, ma'adanai (baƙin ƙarfe, potassium), sunadarai, da sugars. A cikin magungunan jama'a, ana kiran zobo a matsayin ingantaccen anti-sciatic hemostatic da hematopoietic wakili.. An gano cewa ruwan 'ya'yan itace na oxalic yana da choleretic da maganin antiseptik. Gaskiya ne, masana sunyi gargaɗi cewa bai kamata a zaluntar wannan kayan lambu ba: ƙodan na iya wahala.
JoJan
Zabi wani wuri da ƙasa domin zobo
Zobo - tsire-tsire mai sanyi mai sanyi, yana jure sanyi a gaban murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Tsaba fara girma a 3 ° C, seedlings suna bayyana a ranar 8-14th bayan shuka. Yana tasowa da kyau a cikin shading haske. An noma Sorrel a wuri guda don shekaru 4-5, saboda a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, amfanin gona da ingancin kayan suna ragu sosai.
Don samun babban yawan amfanin ƙasa a farkon matakai, a ƙarƙashin zobo, yana da mahimmanci don jujjuya da m da isasshen m, amma ba tare da m, yankin da yake da tsabta na ciyawa, musamman ciyawa alkama. Mafi kasa sun kasance loam da yashi loam mai arziki a cikin humus. Zaku iya girma zobo akan kasa mai narkewa. Yana da kyawawa cewa zurfin ruwan karkashin kasa ya fi 1 m daga ƙasa farfajiya. Zobo yana girma sosai kuma yana ba da babban hatsi a kan ƙwallan acidic kaɗan (pH 4.5-5), don haka iyakance wannan al'adar ba ta gudana ba.
Marianne Perdomo
Zobo shuka
An shuka baƙin ruwa akan gadaje 12 cm tsayi. A cikin kaka, ana ƙara taki ko takin (6-8 kg), superphosphate (30-40 g) da potassium chloride (20-30 g) zuwa wurin da zobo ya girma a ƙarƙashin shebur zuwa cikakken zurfin fatar humus (a kowace 1 sq.m) ) A cikin bazara, don shuka a kowane murabba'in 1, kilogiram na 4-6 na taki ko takin, 2-2.5 g na ammonium nitrate, 3-4 g na superphosphate, 1-2 g na potassium gishiri suna kara. Kuna iya yin urea (20 g a 1 sq.m). Kafin shuka, ƙasa dole ne ta kasance mai tsabta game da ciyawa..
An shuka baƙin ruwa a farkon bazara, lokacin rani ko kafin hunturu. A cikin bazara, sun fara shuka da zaran ƙasa ta tsiro don namo (Afrilu 15-20). A wannan lokacin, akwai isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa na sama, wanda ya tabbatar da ingantaccen lokacin shuka na tsaba. Tsaba yakamata ya sami rayuwar shiryayye na shekaru biyu.
Kafin shuka, suna soaked har kwana biyu. Shuka cikin ƙasa mai laushi zuwa zurfin 1.5 cm, a nesa na 15 cm tsakanin layuka da 4-5 cm tsakanin tsaba a jere. Shuka ne mafi alh tori ga ciyawa peat. Seedlings yawanci bayyana makonni 2 bayan shuka tsaba. Idan kafin fitowar seedlings an rufe gado da filastik, to, seedlings ya bayyana bayan kwanaki 3-5. Bayan fitowar, tsire-tsire suna thinned a nesa na 10 cm daga juna. Tare da farkon shuka shuka, ana karɓar amfanin gona a cikin shekara guda..
A lokacin bazara, suna shuka shuka a watan Yuni-Yuli bayan sun girbe kayan lambu na farko (radish, letas, albasa da ganye). A lokacin shuka lokacin rani, zobo yana sarrafa don samun gindin zama kafin lokacin hunturu kuma yana ba da babban haɓaka a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa.
Hunturu shuka ne da za'ayi a ƙarshen kaka (Oktoba Nuwamba-) wanda ya sa tsaba ba su yi shuka a gaban farko na barga frosts. Ana iya samun girbi a shekara mai zuwa. Kuna buƙatar sanin cewa lokacin shuka a cikin hunturu, yawanci seedlings sukan fadi, a sakamakon, yawan amfanin ƙasa yayi ƙasa. Shuka ta hunturu abu ne mai kyau a kan kasa masu yashi a cikin yankuna masu yanayin yanayi (Estonia, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia).
No mai kiwo mara lafiya
Kulawar Zobo
Zobo yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun. A babban zazzabi da ƙarancin ƙasa, ƙaramin ganye rosette yana haɓakawa kuma tsiro na shuka ba da daɗewa ba, wanda ke shafar ingancin samfuran. Matsayi na yau da kullun yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin dasa shuki.
Domin kada ya rage ingancin samfuran, an cire farfan da ke bayyana da wuri-wuri.
A farkon bazara, kafin farkon ci gaban zobo, ya wajaba a mulmula ƙasa, a kwance shi kuma a gudanar da abubuwa biyu, miya sau uku tare da mullein diluted sau 6 tare da ruwa, tare da ƙari da takin phosphorus da potassium (10-25 g a guga na bayani).
A cikin kaka, ana saka takin ko kuma humus a cikin rairayin bututun (4-5 kilogiram a 1 sq M) don ciyawa da ciyawar ciyawar rhizomes. A cikin shekara ta biyu a cikin bazara, ana amfani da cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai: 15-20 g na urea, 30-40 g na superphosphate, 15-20 g na potassium chloride ta 1 sq.m.
Relarancin Zobo
Sorrel yana fara yin girbi yayin da aka kafa ganya huɗu zuwa biyar na girman al'ada akan tsirrai. An yanke ganyen tare da wuka 3-4 cm daga farfajiyar ƙasa, da hankali kada ku lalata buds apical na tsire-tsire. Kafin girbi, an sako zobo, kuma bayan mun girbe, an kwance hanyoyin. Kuna iya cire zobo da safe. Yanke ganye a lokacin bazara sau 4-5.
Lokacin da aka fara kibanya kibanannin furanni, sai an daina girbin, sai a yanke kibiyoyi don kada a raunana tsirrai. Don haɓaka yawan aiki bayan kowane yankan ganye, ya zama dole don ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da cakuda takin mai ma'adinai tare da mahimmancin nitrogen. A cikin yanayin bushewa, ana yin miya mafi kyau a cikin nau'in ruwa, cikin ruwan sama - ana iya bushewa.
Marianne Perdomo
Kiwo
Zobowar nau'ikan zobo ta tsaba da kuma ciyayi. An shirya gado a faɗo. A kan kasa mara kyau don tono (tsirfa), ana amfani da takin gargajiya ko ma'adinai a ƙimar kilogram 6-8, superphosphate 20-30 g da potassium chloride na 15-20 a kowace 1 m2. Za a iya shuka iri uku cikin sharuɗɗa uku: farkon bazara, bazara da kuma hunturu. Yankunan da suka fi dacewa a cikin bazara suna cikin kakar shuka, wanda za'ayi daga farkon kwanaki goma na Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen watan. Shuka a hanya ta yau da kullun, barin nesa tsakanin layuka na 15-20 cm. A cikin layuka an albarkatu albarkatu, ana shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 0.8-1.0 cm. A ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau (isasshen ƙasa), seedlings suna bayyana a ranar 8-11th. Da zaran an yi layin da kyau, sai su kwance ƙasa a jere, kuma mako guda bayan fitowar seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings, sai aka ga yayan ,a seedlingsan, a bar su a nesa na cm cm daga juna.
An shuka shuka lokacin rani a shekarun II-III na Yuni. Idan bazara ta bushe, kuna buƙatar danshi ƙasa sosai (zuwa zurfin 12 cm) kwana biyu kafin shuka. Tare da lokacin shuka lokacin hunturu (Oktoba - farkon Nuwamba), ana shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin ƙasa (0.5-0.8 cm) fiye da lokacin bazara. Barin ya ƙunshi kwance ƙasa, cire ciyayi da ruwa. A cikin farkon shekarar shuka a lokacin girma, ana kwance ƙasa sau 3-4 zuwa zurfin 4-5 cm A cikin shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, a farkon bazara, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin gargajiya ko ma'adinai (15-20 g na ammonium nitrate, 20 g na superphosphate da 5-10 g na potash gishiri a 1 m2). Sa'an nan an kwance ƙasa zuwa zurfin 10-12 cm, a hankali takin takin.
A lokacin girma, ana girbe ganyen zobo sau da yawa, kowane kwanaki 15-20. Bayan an girbe taro, sai a kwance hanyoyin kuma idan ya cancanta, ana shayar da su. 20-25 days kafin ƙarshen lokacin girma, ana dakatar da girbi na ganye, an cire furannin fure da suka bayyana lokacin kakar. Don samun tsaba, ana barin furanni akan tsire-tsire na 6-8 na shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Zasu samar da adadin ya zama dole don sabunta plantings. Don samun farkon fitarwa, ana amfani da mafakar fim - a cikin kaka, an shigar da firam akan gado, kuma a shekaru goma na biyu na Fabrairu, suna shimfiɗa fim a kansu. A karkashin tsari na fim, tsire-tsire suna ba da samfuran kasuwa 12-15 kwanakin farko fiye da a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa. Ana iya amfani da tsire-tsire shekaru 3-4 na rayuwa don distillation. A cikin kaka, suna tono su tare da dunƙulewar ƙasa, canja wurin su zuwa ajiya da adana a zazzabi 0-2 ° C. A ƙarshen Fabrairu, an haƙa su a cikin ƙasa na kore, an shayar da su sosai kuma bayan kwanaki 20-25 ana yin girbi na farko na ganye. Idan yanki na shinkafa ya ba da izinin, ana iya binne tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa a cikin fall, nan da nan bayan rami. Wannan zai ba ku damar tsaftace ganye a cikin hunturu duka, wanda yake da mahimmanci musamman.
Che Wayne Cheng
Cutar da kwari
Daya daga cikin cututtuka na yau da kullun na zobo ne mildew downy.. Don hana wannan cutar, ana aiwatar da zafin zafi na tsaba. Mummunan cutar a ganyen zobo haifar da ganye irin ƙwaro da aphids. Don magance waɗannan kwari, an fesa zobo tare da adon daɗa da ƙurar shaggy da lalata sharar bayan girbi.
