Daga cikin hatsi na ornamental, akwai tsire-tsire da yawa waɗanda zasu iya mamakin kyautar su. Ofaya daga cikin manyan candidatesan takara don shirya hadadden ciyawa na hatsi shine alkama, wanda galibi yana cikin lawns na ado. Zai iya gamsar tare da manyan nau'ikansa. Gwargwadon kayan ado na fure shine ɗayan kyawawan hatsi don ado na nunin faifai. Kyawawan furanni, kyawawan kayan lambu da launin launi da bambancin launin fata tare da sauran ganye. Gaskiya ne, ƙarancin kwanciyar hankali yana sanya hani akan yiwuwar amfani da wannan shuka a cikin tsarin lambun.
Cancantar kayan adon furanni ɗaya ne daga cikin hatsi mafi ƙamshi don ado na tsaunukan tsaunuka ba kawai ba.
Nau'in kayan hatsi
Don da yawa, amfanin gona na hatsi ya kasance ciyawa, ciyawa da hatsi mai sauƙi. Tabbas, ana iya ganin su da yawa a matsayin ɓangare na lawns na duniya, kuma wasu masana'antun suna haɓaka lawns “don sako mai ƙarfi” dangane da hatsi iri daban-daban.
Amma kada rashin sanin cikakken bayani game da wannan shuka a matsayin hatsi na ornamental. Grainbeds suna halin launuka daban-daban launuka na inflorescences: sun juya kodadde da canza kawai tare da tsarin kaka. Da kuma ikon sake girma ganye damar da Turf ba su rasa decorativeness na dogon lokaci fiye da manyan fafatawa a gasa.
Alamu masu zurfin gaske sune zurfin dangin Poaceae. A yanayi, sun fi yawa a tsaunuka da tsauraran matakai. Haƙurin da suke da shi ya samo asali ne saboda raunin da ya saba da na fari, wanda ke ba da hatsi don kula da ƙoshin ado ko da a cikin tsawan fari.
Amma asalinsu ya zama sanadin mafi kyawun fasalin granaries - da tsoron yin rigar ruwa da ruwa. Kuna iya haɗuwa da manyan bazuran daji a cikin yankin Crimea da Caucasus, an wakilce su sosai a cikin yankuna da kuma dutse na Amurka, Kanada, da arewacin Afirka. Sunan hatsi da aka karɓa daga Girkanci "alkama na daji".
Ba tare da togiya ba, duk kayan hatsi sune hatsi mai yawa wanda basa jin tsoron gasa. Saboda kauri da ban mamaki na turf, basu da amfani koda ga ciyawa, kuma idan suka girma, sai su kaurace su daga yankuna. Don wannan iyawa, ana daukar gurasar abinci a matsayin ɗayan mafi mahimmanci ga kayan haɗin lawn.
The mai tushe a gindi suna thickened, kusan albasa-kamar, ban da 'ya'yan itace ciyawa mai ganye, bakarare harbe harbe tare da nada ganye kuma an kafa. Narrowuntataccen ganye mai wuya na alkama na canza launi dangane da hasken. Wannan ba tsire-tsire mai tashin hankali ba ne wanda ke samar da kyawawan kumburi, amma ba ya fitar da wasu nau'in dabarun da aka horar (a zahiri, amfanin alkama na da saurin magana ne kawai game da kwari).
Mafi yawan nau'ikan kayan ado da tartsatsi ana amfani dasu Crested crest (Agropyron cristatum)kuma aka sani da Fitnyak Mai ba da labari (Agropyron ponticum) Tsarin furanni ne, mai daɗewa, mai haɓaka ƙananan hatsi wanda ke samar da sods mai yawa, wanda yayi kama da kyan gani a lokacin furanni da gaba da bayanta.
Kowace tsirrai na tsiro da fure da yawa tare da nisan kusan 10 cm .. Ganyayyaki sun kasance kunkuntar kuma mai matukar ban mamaki, ana shirya su da yawa sosai kamar yadda sod ɗin ya kusan zama mai banƙyama. Rowaƙƙarfan ciyawa na ciyawa ya girma zuwa tsawon cm 7 kawai. Z Zhitnyak ya riƙa ɗaukar kayan ado a duk shekara, ya bar ƙanƙan da dusar ƙanƙara, kuma matasa suna wartsakewa cikin farkon bazara.
A shuka tsiro ganye sau biyu: bayan flowering, cikin ganyayyaki fara girma baya da Turf kai sake sabuntawa. Tsarin launi na granaries abu ne mai tsananin dacewa ga hatsi. An bambanta wannan tsiro ta hanyar cikakken koren launi mai duhu, wanda ke samun inuwar shuɗi ko shuɗi a cikin zafin rana. Granaries, dangane da hasken wutar lantarki, na iya zama mafi duhu mafi kyawun ganye na kayan ado, da mamaki tare da kayan ƙarfe.
Furen hatsi yana da wahala kada a lura. Yana farawa baya a watan Mayu. Idan shuka yayi girma a cikin kasa mai nauyi, fure mai ɗaukar fure na iya yin girma zuwa 40 cm ba ga tsayi, a kan ƙasa mara kyau tsire-tsire shine ɗan ƙarami. Yawan peduncles da alama sun yi daidai da adadin ganyayyaki.
Suna tashi sama da turf, suna bugun ƙarfin su, basu taɓa kwanciya kuma kar su faɗi baya ko da girma a kan filayen iska. Launin harbe yana maimaita launi na ganye. Ana harbe furannin da kyawawan launuka, waɗanda daga nesa suke kama da wutsiyoyin kurege, amma kusa da mamaki tare da siffofin ornamental.
Ana amfani da masu girbi ta hanyar matsawa, jeri biyu, mai dumbin yawa da kuma hadaddun spikelets tare da bakin ciki, filmy gefuna na sikelin spikelet da ƙyalƙyali mai ganuwa. Matasa spikelets ana fentin su a cikin wani launi mai duhu duhu. Zhitnyak baya canza launi har zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta. Tare da kusancin kaka, spikelets suna haskakawa da sake sakewa a cikin launi mai laushi na zinariya, wanda ke ba da damar shuka su haskaka abun da ke ciki. Ko bayan ripening na inflorescences, da harbe ba su rasa jure masa masauki.
Sanannen Pontic wheatgrass, mafi yawanci saboda saukin girman shuka da tasirin kayan ado, ya jawo hankalin sauran nau'in shuka.
A dangi Zhitnyak ofaya daga cikin maƙiyan 'yan lambu da ke matukar ba da haushi, ciyawar alkama, ita ma ta shiga. Amma don adon kayan kwalliyar ado, ya fi kyau kula da wasu tsirrai:
- Desert Granny ko Narrow-eyed (Agropyron desertorumda aka sani da Angarsk - Agropyron angarense) - wani jinsin da ya fi karfi mai karfi tare da mai tushe har zuwa 75 cm tsayi, samar da turf mai yawa ba kawai daga ganyayyakin basal ba, har ma da harbe-harbe masu yawa, flaunting tare da manyan spikelets na siffar silima;
- Mai kyalli (Agropyron dasyanthum) - wani abu mai rarrafewa, babban nau'in tare da harbe har zuwa 70 cm, ganye mai launin toka da manyan, har zuwa kunnuwan 17 cm na masara waɗanda suke da kyan gani.
- Ciyawar Kaya - wannan yafi Crested crest (Cristatum agropyron), amma an haɗa shi cikin gaurayar ciyawa da Karin Zhitnyak (Agropyron mai rauni) nau'in mai yawa ne mai yawa tare da harbe kusan rabin mita mai tsayi kuma tare da kunkuntar ganye mai cike da launin toka, a kan wanda hadaddun spikelets mai kauri ke haskakawa zuwa 5 cm tsawon haske.
Crested hatsin rai (Agropyron cristatum).
Desert, ko Narrow-eyed (Agropyron desertorum).
Crested hatsin rai (Agropyron cristatum).
Gwanaye a cikin zane zane
Siffofin wannan tsire-tsire na ornamental sanya shi daya daga cikin "mafi ƙwararrun hatsi" a cikin arsenal na masu zanen fili. Ana amfani da membobin ne kawai don zartar da lambunan dutse na dutse, rami mai faɗi, kazalika da gadaje na fure tare da tsire-tsire na hamada, ƙirar abin da ke amfani da hanyar dutsen ko tsakuwa ta tsakuwa.
A m turf na aikin gona itace yayi kyau:
- a kan nunin faifai masu tsayi;
- a cikin shinge;
- a cikin gadaje na fure a kan gangara;
- a cikin gadaje na fure tare da mulching na ado;
- a cikin gidajen lambuna;
- ado a cikin Rum ko kuma salon Scandinavia;
- A cikin gidãjen Aljannar zama.
- a cikin lambunan hatsi.
Za'a iya zaɓar abokan hulɗa na alkama daga cikin kowane tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi son yanayin girma irin wannan. An haɗu da shi tare da perennials, kuma tare da lokacin bazara, kuma tare da wasu hatsi don nunin faifai masu tsayi.
Amfani da Granny za'a iya amfani dashi azaman yabanya domin shuka lokacin sanyi.
Za'a iya zaɓar abokan hulɗa na alkama daga cikin kowane tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi son yanayin girma irin wannan.
Yanayin girma na hatsi
Za'a iya lissafta kayan tarihi kamar hatsi mai ƙauna. Suna girma sosai cikin cikakken rana, suna bayyana duk kyawun launuka. A cikin shading, launin yana duhu, tintin launin shudi kusan bai bayyana ba, amma har yanzu, kututturen hatsi ya kasance abin ado kuma kusan baya rasa ƙima. Abin hatsi ba ya yarda da shading mai ƙarfi.
Tsoron samun rigar, damp, da ƙasa mai nauyi yana buƙatar zaɓi mai zurfi sosai na wurin narkar. Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa suna ba da shawarar haɓakar alkama a tsaunuka, gangara, lambun dutse ko dutsen dutse. A cikin haske ne, turɓayar ƙasa wanda ɗan hatsi yake jin daɗin hakan. Ingancin ruwa mai inganci da iska shine babban abin da zai taimaka masa.
Abubuwan alkama na hatsi suna da kyau a ƙasa akan ƙasa mai narkewa, loams, sandstones, yumbu da ƙasa mai yashi sun dace da su, muddin ana gyara ƙasa mai nauyi. Ba su yi haƙuri ko da dan kadan acidic ƙasa. Alasarin ƙasa na alkaline kaɗan an fi son shi ba tsaka tsaki.
Shuka alkama bashi da wata dabara. Zai fi kyau gabatar da takin gargajiya ko kuma wani yanki na takin ma'adinai a cikin kasar kafin dasa shuki. Plantungiyar ta yi haƙuri da dasa shuki daidai, koda lokacin da aka fallasa tushen, yana daidaita da sauri. Kafa hatsi a cikin ramuka na mutum wanda aka haɓaka ta girman seedlings ko delenok. Watering ne da za'ayi biyu kafin da bayan dasa. Matsayin da aka ba da shawarar lokacin dasa shuki hatsi shine 8-10 cm don ƙirƙirar murfin laima da daskararrun aibobi.
Granules ba su yi haƙuri ko da ɗan acidic ƙasa.
Kulawar hatsi
A zahiri, wannan ciyawa ba ta buƙatar kulawa kwata-kwata. Ba ya buƙatar yin shayarwa ko kayan miya, yana jin daɗi a cikin fari, baya buƙatar peeling da pruning. Don ƙarin yawan fure ko don hanzarta haɓaka, da kan ƙasa mara kyau, ana iya amfani da takin gargajiya a farkon lokacin bazara ko kaka (granaries amsa da kyau ga taki) ko ciyarwa tare da cikakken takin ma'adinai a daidaitaccen sashi. Kula da lawns, a cikin abin da hatsi yake ciki, ba ya bambanta da ingantaccen kulawa.
Babban abu da za a kula da shi lokacin da aka shuka irin hatsi shine sabuntar lokaci. A lokaci mai tsawo, kamar yadda a cikin kowane hatsi mai lalataccen ruwa, cibiyar kurtinka ta fara mutuwa a cikin jiyan. Da zaran shuka ya rage ado, yana da kyau a rarraba. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin wannan hanyar, ya isa ya tono turf, ya raba shi zuwa manyan manyan sassan, cire wuraren bushewa.
Hatsi suna tsayayya wa kwari da cututtuka.
Nunin hunturu na faruwa ba tare da matsala a kudu ba kuma lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai laushi. Dankin yana da matukar tsoron samun rigar, kula da tururuwa na ruwa har ma da danshi mai laushi, sau da yawa a tsakiyar layi yana kara lalacewa a cikin hunturu daidai saboda waterlogging. Don lokacin hunturu, zai fi kyau a tsara tsari na kariya wanda ke kare thaws da rigar ruwa, amma lokacin da hatsi ke girma a kan ƙasa mai haske a kan tudu, ba za a buƙaci waɗannan matakan ba. A farkon shekarun, ryatnyak ba sosai tsayayya wa m winters, yana tsoron alternating thaws da karfi frosts, sabili da haka, matasa shuke-shuke ciyawa domin hunturu.
Ya kamata a sake farfado da Granny a cikin lokaci mai dacewa don kula da ado.
Yaduwa na kayan ado na ado
Wannan hatsi za a iya girma daga tsaba waɗanda suke da sauƙin girbi bisa kanku. Ana yin shuka ne kafin lokacin hunturu, seeding da tsaba zuwa zurfin of 2.5 cm. Tun da yake seedlings sosai m, shi ne mafi alh seedlingsri shuka shuka, canja wurin hatsi zuwa babban wurin namo kawai a shekara ta uku bayan shuka.
An dai ware rabuwa da cewa ita ce hanya mafi sauki ta hatsi da hatsi. Ganin cewa hatsi har yanzu zai buƙaci sabuntawa na yau da kullun, ana iya samun tarin tsire-tsire da sauri isa. Zai yuwu, amma ba bu mai kyau ba, ka taɓa shayar da 'yar shekaru 3 zuwa 4 don raba samari na samari kafin tsakiyar sod ɗin ta fara bushewa: ana buƙatar ba da izinin shuka ya isa babban taro. Mafi kyawun lokacin rarrabuwa ana daukar farkon kaka.
