Aquilegia ko kamawa shine tsiron fure mai ado wanda ba a bayyana shi ba, wanda ke da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 120 da iri iri kuma kyawawan al'adu ne don gyara shimfidar wuri da yin ado na mutum. Sifarta ta rarrabe ita ce mafi kyawun tsari da tsarin furanni. Yana da wannan peculiarity cewa furanni na aquilegia ana kiranta "siket na elves", kuma a tsakanin lambu akwai wasu suna - "mikiya", "kurciya". Wasu masoya na fure suna ganin wannan tsiron furanni a matsayin babbar kama ga orchid mai zafi, kuma masu zanen fili suna son yin amfani da kifin aquilegia a cikin ayyukansu.
Wurin namo yakamata ya kasance cikin inuwa, tunda a karkashin rana mai zafi za a rage lokacin furanni, furanni kuma su yawaita sosai. Soilasa a wurin da aka zaɓa na iya zama na kowane abun da ke ciki, amma tilas ya kasance sako-sako da haske. Aquilegia fi son yin girma a cikin yankuna mara ƙima. Kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar tono ƙasa, ƙara takin ko humus a ciki lokacin tono. Aƙalla kowace shekara 3-5, yan lambu masu gogewa sun ba da shawarar canza wurin dasa don kada shuka ya rasa halayen kayan adonsa.
Dokokin Aquilegia da tsarin saukowa
Sirrin cikakken tsarin tsiro na fure shine kulawa ta dace. Ya haɗa da kula da ƙasa na yau da kullun, watau cire ciyayi da ƙananan loosening, shayar da ruwa a kan kari da aikace-aikacen ma'adinan mai gina jiki ko takin gargajiya. Dankin yana da tsayayya wa fari, saboda haka ana buƙatar yin sharar matsakaici kuma ba tare da wucewar ruwa ban ruwa ba. Ana bada shawarar sake yin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bushes akalla sau ɗaya a shekara, ƙara karamin Layer na ƙasa mai dausayi.
Shuka tilastawa
Daskararren furanni mai ban mamaki na aquilegia na iya farawa a farkon idan tsire-tsire sun lalace. Don yin wannan, a farkon kaka, kuna buƙatar tono tushen ɓangaren daga ƙasa kuma dasa shi a cikin akwati mai zurfi ko gangaren fure na yau da kullun. Kafin tsananin sanyi hunturu, duk akwatunan tare da tsire-tsire ya kamata a adana su a cikin duhu da ɗakin dumi, kuma don hunturu dole ne a sanya su a cikin cellar ko ginshiki kuma a bar su har zuwa ƙarshen Janairu. Don fara girma da samar da fure mai tushe a watan Fabrairu, dole ne a sanya kwantena dasa a cikin ɗaki mai haske da ɗumi tare da matsakaicin matsakaici na kimanin digiri 15 Celsius. A karkashin irin wannan yanayi kuma yana dacewa da kulawa ta dace, shuka zai gabatar da fure a farkon kwanakin Afrilu.
Da takin mai magani da takin zamani
Itace yana buƙatar abinci na yau da kullun a cikin bazara da bazara. A cikin bazara, ana bada shawara don ƙara takin mai ma'adinai zuwa gadaje na fure, wanda ya ƙunshi 25 g na nitrate da gishiri mai gishiri, 50 g na superphosphate. Ana kirga wannan adadin a kowace murabba'in murabba'in ƙasa. A cikin watanni na bazara, ana buƙatar ciyar da amfanin gona na fure tare da jiko na mullein wanda aka lalata da ruwa zuwa jihar ruwa. Tsakani tsakanin aikace-aikacen taki shine kwanaki 30-40.
Tsarin dasawa da yawaitar tsiro na iya zama daban dangane da iri, shekarun amfanin gona da hadewa da sauran tsirrai. Kyakkyawan nesa tsakanin furanni shine kusan 30-40 cm Waɗannan sune kimanin 10-12 a kowace muraba'in mita 1.
Hanyoyin yaduwar Aquilegia
Tsarin iri
'Ya'yan da aka girbe su sosai za a iya shuka su a farkon kaka. Za'a iya sauka ƙasa kai tsaye a kan gadaje na buɗe ko a cikin kwantena na saukowa. Irin wannan plantings zai sami lokaci don girma da ƙarfi, taurara, daidaita da bazara, kuma tare da isowa na farkon bazara mai dumi, abokantaka da karfi seedlings zasu bayyana. A cikin bazara, ana bada shawarar dasa dan kadan tsaba. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 30-35, matasa za su fito. Don girma seedlings, zazzabi of about 18 digiri Celsius ake bukata.
Yin yaduwar seedling
Hanyar seedling na haihuwa yafi tasiri, amma tana da karfi. Kasancewa da karin lokaci a kan shuka iri-iri, zai yuwu a sami seedlingsan seedlings masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi waɗanda ke nuna duk abubuwan da suke so na ado a gonar fure.
Don dasa shuki, za a buƙaci cakuda ƙasa ta musamman, ta ƙunshi peat da sod ƙasar da humri overripe. Dasa kwalaye suna cike da substrate, an kwance su sosai, ana shayar da su da yawa kuma an shuka tsaba a farfajiya ta cikin yanayin rikice-rikice. Bayan haka, ana zubar da busassun ƙasa a cikin sieve kuma an lalata albarkatun gona tare da lokacin farin ciki. Bayan dasa shuki da tsaba a farkon Maris, bayan rana ta goma sha biyar zaka iya samun farkon seedlings.
Zazzabi na tsiro mai girma daga 15 zuwa 20 digiri Celsius. Ana gudanar da ruwa a ɗan ƙarami ta amfani da sprayer. Shan ruwa mai haɗari yana da haɗari ga tsire-tsire matasa ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka. Bayan bayyanar ganyen ganyen 2-3 mai cike (kusan wata daya daga baya), ana yin tara tare da tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena daban, kuma bayan wata daya tsire-tsire suna shirye don canja wurin su zuwa ga bude ƙasa.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Yankunan da aka dasa daga itacen balagaggen ana bada shawara don sanya su cikin ruwa tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka ko dasa a cikin yashi mai laushi har sai an kafa tushen sa. Don saurin kafa tushe, mai shuka yana buƙatar yanayi na greenhouse. Ana iya rufe yankan tare da gilashin gilashi, kwalban filastik mai yanke ko jaka na polyethylene. Wurin namo yakamata ya zama ɗan inuwa ko ya kasance cikin inuwa. Kowace rana kuna buƙatar aiwatar da hanyoyin ruwa a cikin hanyar spraying tare da tsarkakakken ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin.
Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji
Tun lokacin da aka samo tushe, ganyayyaki da tushen aquilegia suna da laushi da raɓa, ana amfani da wannan hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar lambu a lokuta masu wuya. Raba daji mai fure tare da tsarin tushe mai zurfi ba tare da lalacewa ba abu ne mai wahala. Idan wannan hanyar ta zama dole, to, mafi kyawun lokacin don samun delenki shine farkon bazara ko farkon faɗuwa.
Na farko, an shayar da shuka sosai kuma, bayan soya kasar gona, a hankali cire shi daga ƙasa. Abu na gaba, duk ɓangaren ganye yana daɗaɗɗa (ta amfani da shears na lambu ko maɓallin sirri) da kuma tushen an wanke shi sosai. Dogaro ya kamata ya kasance a kan daji game da santimita 7-8 a kowane yanki na daji ya kamata ya kasance karamin sashi na tushen tushen tare da wasu ƙananan tushen da koda. Ana saukar da ƙasa kai tsaye bayan rabuwa. Soilasa ta zama mai daɗi, haske da tare da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na rayuwa. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman ka'idojin kulawa shine ban ruwa na yau da kullun.
Cutar da kwari
Kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire na fure na ado suna da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban da kwari masu cutarwa. Aquilegia ba togiya. Babban adadin kwari zai iya haifar da lahani ga al'ada. Mafi na yau da kullun sune ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, haƙaƙƙen ganye, scoops hunturu, aphids, da nematodes. A mafi yawan cututtuka da na kowa na kama ne powdery mildew, tsatsa ganye, launin toka da hange rot, tushen rot.
Bayyanar cututtukan fata ko ƙwayar cuta, da kasancewar kwari, ana iya gano cutar ta hanyar canjin halayen waje na daji da haɓakarta. Alamar farko ita ce farin rufi a cikin ganyayyaki, bayyanar launin shuɗi ko cobwebs, canjin launi da sashin ganye da bushewar sassan sassan mutum. Yana yiwuwa a adana ciyawar fure tare da taimakon shirye-shiryen sunadarai na musamman ko ɗaukar matakan da suka dace.
