Kulawar Gida don Geraniums don Masu farawa

Geranium ko pelargonium ya dade da tabbaci da yawa sills taga a matsayin unpreentious da kyau shuka. Za'a iya girma a gida kuma a cikin furannin fure: furanni yayi kyau kwarai a ko'ina. Kafin siyan, ana bada shawara don karanta yadda za'a kula da geraniums a gida.

Geranium: bayani gabaɗaya

Sunan kimiyya shi ne geranium - pelargonium - wanda aka fassara daga Girkanci yana nufin "stork" ko "crane". Shuka ta karbi wannan sunan wanda ba a san shi ba sabili da 'ya'yan itacen - muddin beak bek.

A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan geraniums fiye da 400 waɗanda za'a iya samun kusan a duk faɗin duniya, ana samun kusan nau'ikan 40 akan yankin Rasha. Abin lura ne cewa a cikin Jamus ana kiran "geraniums" da hanci ", a cikin Amurka da Ingila ana kiran su da crane."

Wannan ciyawa ne na shekara-shekara ko na shekara mai tsiro wanda ke girma zuwa cm 60. Ganyayyaki masu laushi, an rufe su da gashi, suna da siffofin dabino-dabino ko dabino. Manyan furanni suna da furanni 5 da aka shirya daidai, galibi ana tattara su cikin inflorescences. Zasu iya zama terry kuma mai laushi, a cikin inuwar akwai fari, ja, shunayya da shuɗi.

Daga cikin shahararrun nau'ikan gida geraniums ba:

1. Ampelskaya: yana da rassa masu tsawo da suke rataye ƙasa, saboda haka ya fi kyau rataye shi a cikin tukunya;
2. M: yana da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi, wanda zai iya bambanta dangane da iri-iri: yana iya zama lemun tsami, vanilla, tsutsa, fure da sauransu;
3. Bangare: launuka biyu na furanni ana iya rabuwa da juna;
4. Royal, sauran suna Martha Washington, sarauta, Turanci, daraja ko girmamawa: azaman fasalin fasali shine yanki mai duhu wanda yake akan duk furannin manyan furanni;
5. Mala'iku: wani nau'in daban ne, wanda aka san shi da tsawon lokacin furanni da ƙanshi mai daɗi;
6. Lambuna, mai girma, babba-rhizome, ja mai jini: waɗannan nau'ikan suna cikin nau'in fure na lambun waɗanda ke da tushen ci gaba sosai

Baya ga nau'ikan "tsarkakakke", akwai ɗumbin dimbin yawa waɗanda za ku iya girma da kanku. Daga cikin nau'in gida, ana samun sunan pelargonium sau da yawa. Suna cikin gidan geranium guda ɗaya, amma bambanta da bayyanar. Duk da wannan, kula da pelargonium a gida, kamar geranium, kusan iri ɗaya ne.

Yadda ake kulawa da geraniums

Kulawa a gida don geraniums, hotunan waxanda suke da sauƙin samu, ana biyan su, ya zama dole kiyaye asali yanayin:

1. Geranium yana jin daɗi a zazzabi a cikin ɗaki: a lokacin rani yana iya canzawa a cikin kewayon + 20-25, a cikin hunturu kada ya faɗi ƙasa + digiri 10-14. Zai fi kyau zaɓi zaɓi wani wuri daga cikin abubuwan ɓoyo.
2. Amma furen ya fi ƙarfin haske: ana iya barin shuka koda a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba tare da tsoron cutar ba, tunda rashin haske yana haifar da shisha na ganye da furanni. Abinda ake buƙata kawai shine a juya tukunya daga lokaci zuwa lokaci domin tsirran ya samar akan bangarorin. A cikin hunturu, ana biyan ɗanɗanar hasken wutar ta fitila. Idan babu isasshen haske, ganye zai fara bushewa da sauri.
3. Don geraniums, ƙasa mafi sauƙi da aka sayi ƙasa ya dace. Kuna iya dafa shi da kanka, ta hanyar haɗa 1 kashi na turf da ganye, yanki ɗaya da rabi na humus da rabi yashi. A kasan tukunyar kana buƙatar saka magudanar ruwa.
4. Furen yana ƙaunar danshi kuma yana buƙatar watering na yau da kullun. A wannan yanayin, ruwan bai kamata ya ɓoye a cikin tukunya ba ko fada akan ganyayyaki. Har ila yau, ana yin zafi mai zafi. Zaka iya amfani da ruwan da aka zare daga famfo, ruwan sama da danshi narke suma sun dace. A cikin hunturu, ana buƙata don rage yawan lokacin ruwa, tunda shuka yana hutawa.
5. Juji kawai ake buƙata idan tukunyar ta zama ƙarami. Bai kamata ku zaɓi manyan tukwane ba: geranium yana bi da su mara kyau kuma fure yana mamaye su kawai "yanayin cunkoso". Matsakaicin mafi girma zai zama: tsayin 12 cm, diamita - 12-15 cm.
6. Shuka ba ta neman abinci a kan abinci mai gamsarwa kuma tana gamsarwa da takin zamani na ma'adinai. Ana biyan su daga Maris zuwa Satumba sau biyu a wata. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da takin zamani na musamman don geraniums.
7. Don ƙirƙirar bayyanar kyakkyawa, zaka iya datsa ƙananan rassa da na gefe, ka cire bushe ganye da furanni.
8. Pelargonium yaduwa yana faruwa ta hanyar yanke a kowane lokaci na shekara.

Gyara dasawa

Geranium mara kyau don dasawa, sabili da haka ya fi kyau kada a canza tukwane sau da yawa sau 1-2 a shekara. Dalilan na iya zama dalilai masu zuwa:

1. Tushen ya zama mara nauyi: zaka iya tabbatar da wannan ta hanyar cire geranium a tukunya;
2. Saboda yawan danshi, fure ya fara bushewa;
3. Duk da barin, geranium baya haɓaka kuma baya yin fure;
4. Tushen suna danda.

Pelargonium mafi yawanci ana dasa shi a cikin bazara, Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, amma wannan ba mahimmanci bane: zaku iya juyar da shuka koda a lokacin hunturu ne, daji kawai zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci. Hakanan ba a ba da shawarar taɓa ɗanyen fure ba: ya riga ya ba da ƙarfi da yawa akan fure kuma ba zai ɗauki sabon gida da kyau ba. Madadin maye, za ka iya sabunta ruwan inabin, ta ƙara ƙasa kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Wasu lambu, kamar yadda ƙarin kulawa, dasa geraniums a kan wani flowerbed kowane bazara, kuma a cikin bazara suna ɗaukar ta. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen warkar da shuka kanta, amma a lokaci guda raba tushen don yaduwa.

1. Wajibi ne a shirya dukkan kayan aikin, kuma a kula da tukunya da maganin wadatar, idan an riga an yi amfani dashi ga wani tsiro. Wannan zai nisantar da canja wurin cutar.
2. A kasan tukunyar, an shimfiɗa magudanar fita. Zai iya zama kananan duwatsun ko polystyrene.
3. Ana shayar da geraniums don kiyaye ƙasa ta jika. Sannan kuna buƙatar kunna tukunya a hankali kuma cire tsire daga ciki, ƙoƙarin kada ya karya ko lalata tushen. Don ware ƙasa daga tukunya, zaku iya matsa a kan bangon da ƙasa.
4. Ana bincika tushen, kuma idan an samo rot ko alamun rashin lafiya, a datsa a hankali.
5. Ana saukar da fure cikin tukunya kuma an rufe wuraren ba komai a duniya, ana shayar da ruwa mai sauƙi, an haɗa har ma da ƙarin ƙasa.
6. Bayan dasawa, ana cire geraniums zuwa wuri mai duhu har mako guda, sannan a canza shi zuwa wurin da aka tsara. Bayan watanni 2, zaku iya yin kayan miya.

Hakanan, ana dasa shuka daga titin a cikin bazara kafin sanyi. Idan ya cancanta, kuna iya tausasa datsa. Don yin wannan, rage duk harbe, barin kusan cm 20. Yanki ya kamata ya wuce passan milimita daga wurin. A lokacin hunturu, geraniums ba zai iya bayar da isasshen ƙarfi mai tushe ba, sabili da haka a watan Fabrairu-Maris, ana buƙatar maimaita pruning.

Yaduwa da geraniums

Pelargonium na iya yaduwa ta zuriya da ƙwaya: zaɓi na farko ya dace da sababbin sababbin, na biyu don sabon daji. Hakanan, ana iya yada geranium ta rhizomes, amma jiran wannan kuna buƙatar samun ƙwarewa.

Tsarin iri

Ana iya dasa tsaba a pelargonium daga farkon Maris, bayan fara noma a ƙasa tare da ingantaccen bayani na potassiumgangan na kariya daga cututtuka. Kuna iya amfani da ƙasa da aka siya ta ƙara yashi da humus. Tsaba suna warwatse a kan busasshiyar ƙasa kuma an yayyafa shi a saman ƙasa, sannan rufe akwati tare da fim don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse da tsabta na kwanaki da yawa a cikin zafi. Lokacin da tsiron ya yi ƙarfi sosai, ana iya dasa su, bayan haka an fara samun daidaitaccen kulawa.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Mafi kyawun lokacin don yaduwa ta hanyar girbi shine bazara. Yankakken da aka yanka tare da ganye 3-4 (yana da kyau a yanka shi daga saman) an saka shi cikin ruwa kuma jira har sai tushen ya yi girma. Bayan pelargonium an bushe kuma an binne shi a cikin ƙasa.

Larararrawa

Idan bayyanar geraniums ba zato ba tsammani ya canza don mafi muni, wannan bukatar kula:

1. Tare da rashin danshi, ganyayyaki sun bushe sosai kuma sun juya launin rawaya, tare da wuce gona da iri - sun zama mara nauyi da matsanancin sanyi, launin toka yana bayyana akan mai tushe;
2. Idan ganyayyaki, musamman ma ƙananan, sun fara faɗi, akwai rashin walƙiya;
3. Idan shuka ya daina fure, wannan yana nuna tukunyar tama da yawa ko rashin isasshen kayan sanyi a hunturu.

Cututtukan Geranium

Kamar kowane shuka, geraniums ko da bayan kyakkyawar kulawa mai saukin kamuwa ga cututtukan kwaro da cututtuka.

1. Motsa launin toka ko lalacewa: yana bayyana akan ganye saboda yawan ruwa. Wajibi ne a daina shayarwa kuma a cire duk ganyen da aka shafa, sannan a fesa geranium tare da ƙwayar antifungal.
2. Tushen Tushen: yana shafar tushen, ya riga ya yiwuwa yiwuwa a warke da shuka.
3. Powdery Mildew: Wannan cuta ce ta fungal wacce ke shafar ganye, ta bar farin shafa a kansu. Yana faruwa saboda tsananin zafi da ƙarancin zafin jiki. Don magani, ana amfani da maganin shirye-shiryen kemikal.
4. Blackleg: sau da yawa yana shafar itace, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suka fara jujjuya su. Wajibi ne a daina shayarwa kuma a cire cutukan da abin ya shafa, sannan a kula da tsiron tare da ƙwayar antifungal.
5. Aphids: Ana iya samo shi a ƙasan ganye. Zaku iya cire shi ta hanyar fesa ganyen da guba bisa ga umarnin.
6. Whitefly: shimfidar wuri a kasan ganyen kuma yana ciyar da ruwan fure. Don cire, ana cire ganyen da ya shafa kuma ana yayyafa geranium da guba.

Kammalawa

Geranium shine tsire-tsire marasa fassara, har ma da fararen lambu zasu iya jure kulawar gida. Ba ya buƙatar yanayin girma na musamman da dasawa akai-akai, yana sauƙaƙe haƙuri hasken rana kai tsaye da fari. Abinda yakamata a tuna: geranium mara kyau yana nufin babban zafi da zubar da jini. A irin wannan yanayi, zai fara saurin bushewa ya mutu.