Crotons ko codiaeum sune tsire-tsire na cikin gida waɗanda baza su iya rikita su tare da wasu al'adu ba. Waɗannan su ne mafi launuka masu launuka daban-daban na dukkan tsire-tsire na itace na cikin gida mai ƙyalƙyali da itace. Haɗin da ba za a iya tantance su ba na launin kore, rawaya, ruwan lemo, ruwan hoda, jan da sauran sautuna a wurare daban-daban da kuma jijiyoyin a cikin ganyen croton suna haifar da sakamakon fashewar launi. Amma wannan tsire-tsire kuma yana da kyau a cikin nau'i na ganye, wanda a cikin codiae ya bambanta sosai. A paletet ɗin paletet yana faɗaɗa a zahiri kowace shekara kuma tana gayyatar kowa da kowa don zaɓar croton zuwa ga yadda suke so. Kuma haɓaka ƙarfin hali da kulawa mai sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin iri shine kawai karin farin ciki a cikin narkar da wannan shuka.
A bayanin kula. Codium (Codiaeum) - asalin halittar tsirrai cikin dangi Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Codium mai launi (Codiaeum variegatum) a rayuwar yau da kullun al'ada ce don kiran croton, duk da haka, Croton wata al'ada ce ta gaba ɗaya ta wannan iyali.
Codiaeum wani abu mai lamba (Codiaeum variegatum)Tonan itace iri-iri na ɗimbin yawa
Kodiyum motley (Codiaeum variegatum), wanda har yanzu muke son kira kawai croton, duk da mahimmancin tarihin amfani dashi, ana ɗaukarsa gaye da zamani. Wannan kebantaccen ɗan itacen da ya bambanta zuwa Turai a farkon rabin karni na 19, ya tsira daga zaɓi mai mahimmanci wanda ya canza palette launi na wannan bangon gidan mai ban mamaki ba kawai a cikin wakilin ba, har ma da tarin iri. Godiya ga kiwo iri iri tare da ganyayyaki daban-daban da kuma bambancin launuka masu kyau, crotons suna ba ku damar zaɓar nau'in da ya dace don kusan duk wani aikin ado. Amma a lokaci guda, ko da wane irin nau'in tattaunawar ne aka tattauna, codium koyaushe ana gane shi mai sauƙi: shuka ce da ke da ɗabi'a.
Shahararrun 'yan' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'codium' '' '' 'ba wani abu bane illa rage tasirinsu, wanda yake shi ne halayyar al'adun har zuwa daidai da sauran membobin dangin Euphorbia, balle mahimmin tsarin namowa da kulawa, wanda, dukda cewa ya canza canji mafi kyau a nau'ikan zamani, har yanzu basu bada izinin hada sinadarin codium ba. zuwa jerin al'adun gargauna da marasa ma'ana.
Cirrus crustaceans a cikin yanayin dakin girma zuwa 35-100 cm, dangane da iri-iri. The harbe na shuka ne woody, mai iko sosai, mafi sau da yawa taqaitaccen. Ganyen kodidod din na ja ne, mai yawa, mai sheki, yana da jijiyoyin da aka ambata. Cikakkun bayanai game da tsarin tsiro a cikin tsarurruka daban-daban suna da bambancin gaske. Kuma shuka kanta na iya canzawa tare da tsufa. Matashi mai launin rawaya-rawaya mafi yawancin lokuta canza launi zuwa wadatar launuka masu kyau a cikin manya. Haka kuma, ana iya lura da irin wannan tasirin a kowane daji na croton: akwai manyan ganyayyaki masu haske a ƙasa, kuma mafi sauki, masu taushi da yara a saman. A cikin crotons daban-daban, siffar faranti ganye cikakke yana bayyana kanta kuma tare da shekaru kawai. A kusan dukkan nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan croton, veins akan ganye ana fentin su da haske, sautin launin shuɗi. Amma dukkan sauran nau'ikan codiums suna iya bambanta da juna. Croton yana da ladabi, lanceolate, ya kasu kashi uku lobes, wavy, dissected, curly, curled da sauran nau'ikan ganyayyaki marasa kyau na marasa tsari. A yau, nau'ikan curly, wanda ganye ke juya cikin karkace, ana ɗauka ƙari da kuma mashahuri.
Rarraba crotons zuwa nau'ikan kayan ado daban-daban kuma iri iri ne sosai sabani, tun da cibiyoyin furanni daban-daban suna sayar da tsirrai iri ɗaya a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban, wasu lokuta ana rarraba nau'ikan croton a matsayin iri-iri ko, kuma, ana musayar su, wasu nau'ikan sun zama tatsuniyoyi har an lasafta sunayensu kusan daban. crotons, duk da cewa a asali cewa irin wannan tsire-tsire iri ne. Don haka, maimakon kalmar Codiaeum variegatum cv.Petra, ana kuma sayar da ire-iren codium "Petra" azaman Codiaeum petra. Gane da nau'in croton kuma ba a kuskure cikin zaɓin ba abu bane mai sauƙin bayyanar. Matasa tsire-tsire ba sa nuna yawancin launi, a wasu lokuta ana sayar da wasu tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin sunan wasu nau'ikan, cultivars mutum suna kama da juna kuma ana iya rikicewa cikin sauƙi. Amma ya kasance hakan yana iya, ire-ire iri ɗayan zamani ko fasalulluka masu zaɓi na yanayin sassauci ana rarrabe su da halayyar mahimmanci - ƙananan girman, ƙananan bishiyoyi masu yawa tare da ingantaccen bayyanar launi. Wadannan tsirrai, da bambanci da tsohuwar lambar wayoyin da suka bayyana a cikin gidajenmu kawai a karni na ƙarshe, basu da ƙarfi sosai kuma sun fi girman wuya. Suna rasa leavesan ganye kawai a lokacin hunturu, ana iya dawo da su sauƙin bayan wucewa ɗaya na hanyoyin ruwa, kodayake suna buƙatar kulawa sosai, har yanzu ba su da wuyar girma.
Matasan codiums.
Bari mu san mafi kyawun nau'ikan zamani na croton (codium) da nau'ikan mutum waɗanda suka cancanci kulawa.
"Petra" - Musamman nau'in croton, a yau an ɗauka ɗayan shahararrun kuma ana sayar da shi sau da yawa. A cikin wannan shuka, manyan ƙetaren ganye fita har zuwa 30 cm a tsawon samar da karamin, abin mamaki ornamental kambi. Babban fasalin nau'ikan shine launuka masu launin kore da launin shuɗi da kuma jijiya mai kauri waɗanda suke tsakiyar cikin farantin ganye da shimfiɗa daga ciki tare da "haƙarƙari" tare da kyakkyawan gefen. Kawai akan tsoffin ganyen ganye ne gefuna na farantin ganye da tsakiyar jijiya suna samun sautin launin shuɗi.
"Sunny Star" - ofaya daga cikin kyawawan nau'ikan rawaya masu launin rawaya-kore. Tsarin tsakiyar rawaya da mara iyaka a kan ganyayyaki, wani lokacin ana ɗaukar yawancin furen ganye a kan ganyayyaki matasa, suna canza launin rawanin tare da filayen zinare, ana haɗe su da bakin ciki da kyawawan furanni da ganyayyaki-kamar ganyayyaki tare da wavy gefen, wanda yayi kama da sabon abu.
"Norma" - ofaya daga cikin kyawawan nau'ikan tsirrai masu tsini-tsayi na croton. Hannun lanceolate da aka shirya, m, kadan na tunawa da ganye ficus ganye suna da wuya. Haske da launin rawaya, da kuma a tsoffin ganye - da jan veins, duhu kore ganye tare da unevenly bayyana canjin launi duba sosai mai hoto, festive da classic a lokaci guda.
"Mrs Iceton" - kuma manyan-leaved, tare da manyan ellipsoidal ganye, da dama Croton da mai ban mamaki kyau m surface. Matasan launin rawaya-kore na wannan ka'idodi ana maye gurbinsu da ruwan hoda, ja, lemo ko kusan baƙar fata-kore, akan wasun su tabo suna mamakin girmansu. A cikin wannan croton, a hankali ana fentin veins a cikin launi mai duhu. Yana da samammen nasa - tare da rawaya ko kuma launin ja.
Motley codium “Petra” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Petra') 
Motley codium “Sunny Star” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Sunny Star')"Bravo" - Wata kyakkyawar launin rawaya mai launin rawaya-kore mai kyau. Matasa ganye suna yawanci launin rawaya, launin yana kama da yana juyawa daga jijiyoyi ko'ina cikin farantin ganye. Amma akan tsoffin ganyen wannan kodar akwai lamuran launin rawaya mai haske, kuma asalin launi na faranti tare da saurin duhu cike da alama yana rufe dukkan tsiro. Haske saman tare da kallon ƙasa mai duhu tare da ɗaukar hoto mai ban mamaki.
"Batik" tare da zane mai ban mamaki, kamar dai mai zane ne, zane, wanda ke haɗa kusan baƙi, kore mai haske, ja, lemo, rawaya da duk tabatattun launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu launi iri ɗaya marasa kyau, suna cike da mamakin kamannin "speck" tare da zubin fenti. Tsarin launi na wannan nau'in croton yana haɗar da dama launuka daban-daban, kuma launuka 2 ne kawai ana gabatar dasu akan kowane takarda.
"Baron J. De Rothschild" - kyawawan codium masu launuka masu launuka masu yawa tare da matasa masu ganyen zaitun masu launin kore suna canza launi zuwa ruwan hoda da ruwan lemo. A jijiyoyin wannan codium ba rawaya ba ne, amma ja, kazalika da gefen gefen ganyayyaki, wanda yasa ya zama mai martaba musamman abin birgewa.
"Rana Sun" - wani kyakkyawan kyakkyawan kore mai launin rawaya-kore, wanda a ciki ake zana ganye mai haske game da kore, sannan sai su zama rawaya mai haske, sannan kuma a sake canza launin kore, kawai cikin sautin duhu. Babban fasalin wannan codium ƙananan dige ne akan ruwan wukake wanda yayi kama da yanayin Dieffenbach.
"Tauraron gwal" - wani kankanin bakin-crove-tsiro, ganyen sa wanda ya kirkiro rocctes danshi mai tsayi ko fasali, a tsari da kuma taurari masu kama da gaske. An yi wa shuka tsiro da dige maraɗi mara nauyi, waɗanda ke bayyana daban akan ganye da tsofaffin yara. A kan wannan codium zaka iya ganin kusan ganye mai launin rawaya, kuma ganye kore mai duhu kawai ya ɗan ƙara haske tare da ɗigon rawaya.
Variegated codium “Mrs Ayston” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Mrs. Iceton').
Motley codium “Bravo” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Bravo')"Black Prince" - wani ganye mai santsi mai cike da daddaren furanni tare da manyan ganyayyaki, kwalliyar ganye wacce aka zana a kore-baki kuma da alama ana shayar da kogunan bakin ciki na rawaya, ruwan lemo da ruwan hoda. Wannan nau'in codium ana kuma bambanta shi da cewa baya da alamun launuka masu launi.
"Dan yatsa zinare" - ɗayan mafi kyawun nau'in croton. Ba a kira shi da "Fan fari na Zinare" ba: siffar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya, mai elongated, yatsa mai siffa ko ganye na harshe da gaske yana haifar da irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi. An haɗa launin shuɗi mai duhu na wannan codium tare da laushi mai laushi mara kyau ko tabo tare da tsakiyar jijiya da ƙananan rawaya waɗanda suke bayyana ba daidai ba akan ramin ganye. A lokacin karami, wannan nau'in tsiro ya yi kama da daskararren ganye na ganyayyaki, tohonta suna gajarta kuma suna samun tsawo na dogon lokaci.
"Santa Barbara" - wani nau'in croton ne mara misaltuwa, wanda da alama an fesa shi da lemun tsami. Babban launi daga cikin ganyayyaki ba na hali ba ne ga codiums - haske mai sauƙi, kusan koren haske. A kan tsoffin ganye, aibobi masu launin rawaya suna rufe kusan dukkanin yanki na farantin, a kan ƙananan ganye suna bayyana azaman launin rawaya. Wannan iri-iri kuma ana rarrabe shi ta hanyar ƙara yawan bashiness, siffofin sosai m bushes, ganye ne elliptical tare da nuna tip, ƙanana.
"Aucubofolia" - Kyakkyawan codium tare da launi mai duhu mai duhu na farantin ganye na oval-lanceolate tare da tukwici masu ƙarfi, waɗanda ke haɓaka tare da peculiar whorls. Sunan da ya samo asali ne sabili da irin alaƙar da ke tattare da ganyen aucuba: tsan-dige rawaya kaɗan ba tare da ɓoye ba akan asalin duhu, dukkan tsire-tsire yayi kama da ƙura na zinariya.
"Spirale" - uniquewararren croton na musamman ne, ganyen sa wanda "yayi kama" kusan a tsaye zuwa sama kuma an juya shi tare da tsakiyar jijiyar a karkace. Ganyen ganye kore na codium a hankali suna canza launi zuwa kusan launin ja ko tawada. Daban-daban suna kama da ban mamaki sosai kuma suna ɗan tunatar da algae.
"Bell na zinariya" - nau'in croton mai ganye tare da ganyen ilimin harshe, wanda, sakamakon takaddar maye gurbi, da alama za'a jujjuya shi, ya kasu zuwa sassa da yawa. Abinda ke faruwa shine a tsakiyar ganye, ana hana katako na hanjin ganye ko kuma sassan jikinsu, an fallasa jijiya ta tsakiya.
Motley codieum “Golden Bell” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Gold Bell') 
Motley codium “Mammy” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Mammy')"Mammy" - mai launin rawaya mai launin launuka iri-iri, a cikin abin da zaku iya sha'awar launuka masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi da launin ja-launin ruwan kasa, kuma wani lokacin kusan tsohuwar tsohuwar ganye. Babban fasalin wannan nau'in codium shine nau'in yare ko shebur-mai kama da ganyayyaki da kuma murfin faranti na ganye, wanda a wasu lokuta ake juya shi sosai har ya zama da wuya a fitar da siffar su.
"Holuffianaa" - kyawawan halaye ne masu kyau da kuma ƙaunataccen croton, waɗanda ganyayyakinsa suka yi kama da itacen oak, amma bayan gwajin kusanci a bayyane cewa suna da ƙyallen buɗaɗɗa uku (mafi daidai, hakora masu ƙarfi tare da gefen suna samar da itacen oak-kamar tsananin kamannin fararen ganye). Green tare da veins na rawaya, ƙananan ganyen wannan codium gaba daya suna canza launi zuwa carmine ja tare da jijiyoyin ruwan hoda - a cikin tsirrai.
"Madalla da gaske" - Wani itacen oak-leaved na croton tare da tsari mai tsauri, mafi yawanci suna samar da harbi na tsakiya ɗaya. Manyan ganye a kan shuka ana shirya su ta hanyar oda. Ganyen kore-rawaya na kore na codium ana maye gurbinsu da ja-burgundy, tare da jijiyoyin haske a ƙarƙashin kambi.
Variegated codiums “Zinariya Tauraruwa” da “Petra” (Codiaeum variegatum 'Gold Star' & 'Petra')Yanayi don nau'ikan codium na zamani
Idan kun sami aya daga cikin nau'ikan zamani mai haske, to, yiwuwar zaɓin wuri ta hanyar ƙarfin haskensu a taƙaice yake iyakance. Irin wannan lambar za ta iya nuna launuka a fili cikin ganyayyaki kawai cikin kyakkyawan haske, mai haske. 'Ya'yan itaciya masu tsire-tsire ba zasu ƙi ko da hasken rana kai tsaye ba (ban da hasken rana a lokacin bazara). Mafi yawan cikakken hasken, shine mafi kyawun irin wannan tsire-tsire. Lambobin inuwa daban-daban a cikin shading gaba ɗaya sun rasa launuka halayyar su.
Don codium, yawanci suna canza wurin su don hunturu, suna fallasa tsire-tsire zuwa wuri mai zafin rana tare da tsananin haske. A lokacin dumi, croton din yana da dadi akan windowsill ko gabas, amma zai iya yin lokacin hutawa koda a kudu. Canjin wuri yana da mahimmanci koyaushe tare da daidaitawa na hankali.
Matsakaicin yanayin zazzabi a cikin dakin da ake girma codium daga cikin nau'ikan gaye, mafi kyau. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na wannan shuka yana iyakance zuwa 15-25. A lokaci guda, yanayin zafi kusa da ƙananan ba a so ko da a cikin hunturu: a lokacin hutawa yanayin zafi na digiri na 16-18 ya fi dacewa, alamun zafi za su buƙaci ƙarin matakan kulawa. A cikin bazara da bazara, crotons suna jin daɗi a cikin yanayin ɗakin al'ada, amma haɓakar sama da digiri 25 ba shi da damuwa ga wannan shuka.
Abubuwan codiums na Varietal suna riƙe da ƙiyayyarsu don canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. Idan shuka yana fuskantar canji a tsarin gwamnatance, to zai iya rasa ganyayensa gaba daya. Lokacin girma codium, yana da matukar mahimmanci ka kusanci wurin sanya kayan shuka a hankali game da maɓuɓɓuka masu tushe ko kayan kayan wuta.
Codiaeum wani abu mai lamba (Codiaeum variegatum)Kulawar Croton a gida
Domin maɓarnata 'yan ƙwayoyin cuta su bayyana duk kyawun su, Wajibi ne a kula da danshi mai laushi. M ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi ko ma m ban ruwa, m dampness na kasar gona ne wanda ba a ke so, kazalika da cikakken bushewa da earthen coma. Ana shayar da codiaum akai-akai, a hankali, bayan saman 1-2 cm na substrate sun bushe. Estimatedididdigar yawan waɗannan hanyoyin shine kusan sau 2 zuwa 3 a mako a cikin bazara da bazara da lokacin 1 a cikin kwanaki 5 ko ƙasa da sau a cikin hunturu. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya zama mai laushi, tsayayye, dan kadan zafi sama da iska na cikin gida. Rashin danshi, da bukatar gudanar da mafi m ko yawa watering, da shuka, a matsayin mai mulkin, sakonni da kanta - sagging ko wilting ganye. Tare da amsar da aka dace, ana sake maido da ganyaye kuma ganyayyaki suyi saurin suma.
Danshi ga croton ya kamata ya karu. Wannan tsire-tsire ba ya yarda da yanayin bushewa, musamman ma lokacin rani da kuma lokacin aiki da tsarin dumama na tsakiya. A lokaci guda, ana zaɓa matakan haɓaka ƙarancin iska daban daban. Idan lambar ta kasance a cikin wurin rana, to ba a so a fesa shi, saboda hasken rana kai tsaye na iya barin ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki.Dabarar da ta fi dacewa ita ce shigar da humidifiers (har ma da mafi sauƙi a cikin nau'i na tire tare da pebbles, gansakuka, yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa). Crotons suna buƙatar tsabtace ganye na yau da kullun daga ƙura tare da soso ko zane. Wannan tsire-tsire yana ƙaunar yin amfani da goge-goge don ganye, kayan yaji don haske, waɗanda ke tabbatar da kyawunsa da dukkan ƙarfinsa.
Fodder don codium an yi shi a duk shekara. A cikin bazara da bazara, ana aiwatar da sutura mai yawa tare da mita na 1 lokaci a mako, a cikin kaka da hunturu - lokaci 1 a wata. Don croton, yana da kyau a yi amfani da gaurayawar takin zamani na musamman don tsire-tsire masu ado da ƙoshin wuta, lokacin amfani da takin mai magani, launi akan ganyayyaki ya bayyana ƙasa da rashin daidaituwa a cikin abubuwan gina jiki. Kodiyum yana amsawa da kyau ba kawai ga na gargajiya ba, har ma don samar da kayan miya na sama, amma yana da mahimmanci don amfani da ƙaramin taro na takin mai magani.
Crotons yawanci ba a buƙatar don trimming da gyaran fuska. Duk da matsayin ingantaccen tsire-tsire na ornamental deciduous shuka, codium a kai a kai blooms a cikin al'adun dakin, batun al'ada kulawa. Nondescript ƙananan furanni masu banƙyama suna shafar kyakkyawa na ganyen waɗannan tsirrai, kuma idan kuna son samun kayan ado mafi kyau daga croton, zai fi kyau kada ku ba da izinin fure, yankan lokaci na lanƙwasa.
Codiaeum wani abu mai lamba (Codiaeum variegatum)Codium dashi
Varietal crotons ana dasa su a lokaci guda kamar yawancin tsire-tsire na cikin gida - a farkon lokacin bazara. Amma yana da kyau a aiwatar da jujjuyawar kawai lokacin da shuka take buƙatarsa, kamar yadda ƙamshin alkama ya cika da asalinsu (kowace shekara ga matasa kuma sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3 don tsofaffin samfuran).
Ikon da za a iya hana karuwa a cikin Ba ya son kwantena masu sarari, ƙari na 2-4 cm a diamita ya isa.
Lokacin dasawa zuwa kasan tanki, tilas ya zama dole ne a dage farawa.
Abu ne mai sauki a zabi canji domin croton: duk wata cakuda ƙasa gabaɗaɗan ƙasa akan ƙasa mai ɓoye ya dace da ita. Idan kun girka da kanku, to sai ku gauraya gari, ƙasa mai yashi da yashi daidai, ko kuma a ninka yawan ribar sod ɗin a cakuda.
Matsaloli a cikin girma croton:
- idan akwai wani batun keta shawarwari game da dumamar iska da kuma rashin tsauraran matakan kara yawan aikinta, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo yawanci kan warware codiums (ya zama dole a magance su ta hanyar wanke ganyayyaki da wajabta magani tare da kashe kwari);
- idan sauran tsire-tsire a cikin tarin suna kamuwa, codium na iya fama da mealybugs ko ƙwayoyin kwari (su ma ana yin yaƙi da su da ƙwayoyin kwari);
- Ganyen croton ya zama karami tare da karancin ciyarwa;
- nadawa da bushewa da ganyen codium yana faruwa ne lokacin da ruwa bai isa ba ko kuma lokacin da tsakar rana ya same su;
- ganyen codium suna jujjuya ganye, launin ruwan kasa yana bayyana a kansu lokacinda aka mamaye su;
- haske spots da konewa a cikin ganyayyaki yawanci ana samun su a cikin tsananin zafin da a cikin zayyana;
- launi na croton ya bushe ko ya bace cikin haske mara nauyi;
- ci gaban codium yana tsayawa a lokacin sanyi.
Codiaeum wani abu mai lamba (Codiaeum variegatum)Sake bugun crotons
Hanya mafi kyau da aka yadu da duk codiums, gami da nau'in kwari, shine yan itace. A lokaci guda, an yanke peran apical tare da tsawon game da 10 cm daga shuka, wanda aka dasa a cikin matsanancin moistened na duniya. Za'a iya kula da yankan tare da masu haɓaka haɓaka, amma yawanci suna ɗaukar tushe, da sauransu lokacin da aka kirkiro yanayi mai kyau. Amma aiki na yanka dole ne a da za'ayi dole (domin dakatar da mugunya da Milk ruwan 'ya'yan itace). Da farko, an ba da damar yanka ya ɗan bushe kadan, sannan sai a kula da yanka da murhun murƙushe. Ana aiwatar da kalar codium a ƙarƙashin kaɗa a zazzabi na kimanin digiri 24-25 ko sama. Don croton, ya zama dole don kula da danshi substrate danshi. Bayan an saki ganyen farko, an yanke su ne don zuga wani daji mai yawa.
Hakanan, ana iya yaduwar codiaeum ta tsaba ko kuma sanya iska a cikin iska.
