Laperusia yana da wuya a rasa cikin tarin fure. Ganyayyaki marasa amfani a cikin bushes ɗin fure, kyawawan launi, filaye masu ƙarfi da furanni masu kyan gani, da ɗan rairayi da irises, da wani abu game da freesias, kamar baƙi. Itacen Afirka wanda ke da fure mai haske, laperusia yana buƙatar tsawon lokaci mai tsayi da ƙarfafawar fure. Ta san babu daidai tsakanin kyawawan launuka da kuma kwararan fitila. Kuma, duk da wasu matsaloli, ba za'a iya kira shi mafi yawan haɓakar exactica daga cikin mamatan ba.
Laperusia tare da fure take dan tunawa da irises, amma dan freesia.
Laperusia dangi ne na al'ada na iris tare da furanni mara iyaka
Yankunan da ke cikin ɗakunan suna da alama ba a yarda da su ba. Idan muna magana ne game da mashahuri da irises na gemu, Siberian, rawaya ko wasu nau'in lambun, to lallai suna da wahalar girma a tsarin daki. Amma a cikin babban iyali da furanni Iris furanni akwai tsire-tsire waɗanda ke jin daɗin al'adun tukunya.
Kodayake m, amma har yanzu taurari masu shimfidar wuri a yau har yanzu suna freesia, gladiolus, montbrecia. Laperusia ba shine sanannen sanannen ba, amma yana da nisa daga wakilin da ba a bayyana shi ba daga dangin Irisaceae. A yanzu haka ta fara ayyukanta na cikin gida, kuma tana da matukar wahala a cikin lambunanmu. Amma daga cikin exotics, laperuzia da kyau dauke daya daga cikin mafi alkawuran.
Asalin laperuzia yana tantance matsayin yanayin sa da halin mutuntaka. Ana samun mafi yawan Laperusia a cikin tsaunukan wurare masu zafi kuma ana rarraba su a duk cikin Nahiyar Afirka. Itace ya sami sunan ta saboda matafiyi (sanannen mai kewaya, duba laperouse Strait tsakanin Sakhalin da Japan), wanda ya gano yawancin baƙi na Afirka don tarin Turai - Baƙon Faransa de Laperouse. Laperusia galibi tsire-tsire ne na dutse da akan samo su a gangara kuma a cikin gorges.
Laperusia (Lapeirousia) - corms, matsakaici-sized perennials na bazara na fure. Gyaran canjin yana canzawa daga ƙoshin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zuwa mai fara'a mai zuwa. Fibrous, raga Sikeli kuma ya girma ne kawai a shekara ta biyu. Wannan kwan fitila daidai yake da ganyayyaki da inflorescences. Ba kamar yawancin albarkatu na cikin gida na gida ba, laperusia suna fitar da ganyayyaki da yawa kuma masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke ƙawata shuka da ƙari ga lokacin furanni. An mamaye Laperusia da alheri, itace tsattsauran ra'ayi, mai haske kuma da alama tana da ƙyalƙyali a cikin shuka wanda dukkan bayanai ke da jituwa da juna.
Ganyen laperusia suna xiphoid, tsayayye, lamuran, tare da kyakkyawan jijiya matsakaici. Suna girma daga kwan fitila a hankali, a cikin layuka biyu, tare da fan, a yawancin jinsunan suna da matukar ƙarfi kuma sun kusan imbricated. Ganyayyaki, duk da gaskiyar cewa kwan fitila da kanta alama mai rikitarwa ne, abin mamakin ne a girma da launi. Ganyen an shimfiɗa shi zuwa tsawon 15 zuwa 30 cm kuma ana fentin shi a cikin kyakkyawan inuwa mai duhu na duhu. Ba kamar kwan fitila na cikin gida na yau da kullun ba, laperuzia tana girma cikin daji mai wadataccen tsari.
Itaccen furanni na cinya ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Itace akan manyan tsararrun tsalle-tsalle masu tsini suna samar da inflorescences - kunnuwan furanni 6, 8 ko 12. Ba su yi fure ba bi da bi, amma a cikin "kuri'a" na furanni 3-4, kowane fure ya fi tsayi fiye da yawancin furannin iris - kwana uku ko kaɗan.
Tsarin furen yana da kyan gani. Corolla kusan sau-mai fasalin saucer, mai lebur, wanda kawai ya jaddada madaidaiciyar bututu. Ukuyen ƙananan furanni a kan fure suna nuna duhu duhu a ƙarshen gangar jikin, suna haifar da ƙungiyoyi tare da furannin fure. Short stamens an kambi tare da anthers na dogon lokaci, fita waje mai haske a cikin amai da furanni. A matsakaici, diamita na furanni na laparusia bai wuce 2 cm ba, amma sun yi kama da manyan, masu ɗaukar hoto.
Ana iya fitar da laperusia na cikin gida, amma galibi ana shuka tsire-tsire tare da yanayin sake zagayowar al'ada - tare da fure a duk lokacin bazara (daga Maris zuwa Mayu), lokacin wahala - a bushe da dumama a lokacin rani, kuma a kiyaye cikin sanyi - a cikin kalanda hunturu. Laperusia suna cikin bututu, ana samun cikakken lokacin hutawa, ana zubar da ganyayyaki. Bayan fure, da greenery na shuka a hankali ya bushe, kuma shuka ya shiga cikin wani lokaci bushe dormancy.
Tsarin launi na laparusia yana iyakance ga optionsan zaɓuɓɓukan launi. Laperusia yawanci ana haɗa shi da furanni carmine waɗanda aka yi wa ado da duhu, amma fararen furanni, shuɗi, ko furanni masu tsinkaye halaye ne na wasu nau'in.
Ko da a cikin ɗakunan laperuzia suna ba da 'ya'ya. Bayan fure, ana ɗaure akwatunan 'ya'yan itace zagaye, a cikin abin da sabon abu mai launin shuɗi mai launi ceri duhu ya haɗu da farkon bazara. Abubuwan laperuzia suna da yawa, kusan mm 3 a diamita.
Laperusia pyramidal (Lapeirousia pyramidalis). ©Elena Ioganson
Crimson Laperusia (Lapeirousia cruenta).
Laperusia resinous (Lapeirousia silenoides). ©tunekane
Nau'in Inoor Laperuzia
Zai yi wuya a kira kayan ado, al'adun laperuzia wasu tsire-tsire iri-iri. Kimanin nau'ikan 60 na waɗannan corms masu ban mamaki an rarrabe su a cikin asalin laperuzia. A cikin lambun lambu da al'adun cikin gida suna amfani da nau'ikan 5.
Laperusia pyramidal (Lapeirousia pyramidalis) - estaramin ,aha, amma kayan ado ne mai ƙyalli da baƙon abu, kyawawan abubuwan da za'a iya nuna godiyarsu da lokaci kawai. Amazing ganye tare da wata sosai elongated allura-dimbin yawa tip da riƙuwa ƙasa hug hug iko harbe. Peduncle da ganyayyaki suna da launi iri ɗaya, wanda ke ƙarfafa yanayin rashin lafiyar laperuzia kawai.
Spike-dimbin yawa inflorescences mamaki tare da m bracts na koren launi, daga sinuses wanda furanni m m tashi a kan bakin ciki peduncle. Furannin furanni masu laushi ne, farin kwalliya mai launin fari mai kamshi mai kamshi, mai kamshi mai kyau da bututu mai ɗaukar hoto. Stananana stamens tare da mai haske tint layin jadada kalma yadda m da peduncle alama idan aka kwatanta da furanni kansu.
Crimson laperusia (Lapeirousia cruenta) ya zama mafi yawan kayan cinya ta yara kuma, mafi yawan lokuta, ana samun shi a cikin kundin litattafai a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan, kodayake an sake samun cancantar sahu a matsayin asalin freesia. Freesia sako-sako (Freesia laxa) - sunan synonym don crimson laperusia, wanda aka dauki sunan hukuma na shuka. Ganyen tsiro a cikin rosettes masu jere biyu-biyu ana iya iyakance zuwa 15 cm kuma girma zuwa 30 cm tsayi. Peduncles har zuwa 30 cm tsayi bear daya-gefe da kuma m kunnuwa inflorescences, a cikin abin da har zuwa 12 biyu-santimita, m ruwan hoda, tare da biyu jere jere na furanni.
Laperusia yana sake guduwa (Lapeirousia silenoides) - kyakkyawar gani mai kyau tare da duhu, ruwan hoda da furanni ceri. An shirya ganyayyaki cikin tsari mai kyau, kunsa a cikin tushe, da ɗan tunannin wani pyramidal laperuzia. An yi wa kawunan furanni furanni masu karen furanni waɗanda ke da tarko mai ɗaukar hoto da kuma corolla shida na fure mai kama da almon, an shirya su a cikin layuka biyu. Abubuwan duhu masu duhu suna fitowa daga gindin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, da farin aibobi a saman.
Mountain laperusia (Montana Lapeirousia) - Abun kallo tare da furanni masu kama da Pushkinia ko Hyacinths. Tare da tsayin dutsen da ya kai 45 cm, wannan laperuzia tana da ƙanƙanta, 1.5aramar cm 1.5 kawai, kuma tana samarwa da ganyayyaki huɗu girma. An haɗu da ganye na basal na layi tare da ƙananan kara. Ana matsa furen fure tare da shinge na panils ko laima na inflorescences tare da furanni masu matukar kyau. A bututun yana da bakin ciki, kuma ya kasu kashi biyu ya zama mai kaifi, launuka mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi tare da farin tabo a tsakiyar filayen.
Oreogen Laperusia (Lapeirousia oreogena) - wani nau'in halitta mai saukin ganewa, mai tarin yawa kuma mai saurin kisa, wanda a yau ake ƙara rarrabe shi azaman sabon abu mai saurin kayatarwa ga masoya masu son kyawawan al'adu. Wannan inji ya ba da mamaki sosai tare da dusar kankara, launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launi na corolla tare da duhun duhu mai duhu a cibiyar da kuma kyakkyawar ƙamshin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi. Siffar harshe na furanni baya barin ureogen laparuzia ya zama mai kama da irises, amma tsarin launi yana tunatar dasu musamman. Ganyen yana da kyau, ya fi kunkuntar, kusan lanceolate, biyu-rowed, har zuwa tsayi cm 20. Dangane da yanayin, launin ultramarine-shuɗi na iya canzawa zuwa shuɗi mai duhu.
Mountain laperusia (Lapeirousia montana).
Yanayi don girma cikin laperusia na cikin gida
Wannan yarinyar da ba kasafai take cika da mamaki ba tare da matsananciyar buƙatu don yanayi. Duk abin da ake buƙata don nasara a cikin girma laperusia shine lokacin sanyi mai sanyi da isasshen haske. Wannan al'ada ce ta ƙauna ta 'yanci wacce ke tsoron tarkace kuma ba za ta iya girma ba tare da tsaftataccen iska.
Kamar yawancin furannin Afirka masu ban mamaki, laperuzia za'a iya la'akari da su a matsayin kore ko tsire-tsire na cikin gida. A cikin lambuna na hunturu don laperuzia yana da sauƙin ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace, amma kuma kuna iya haɓaka wannan ɗan Afirka a cikin ɗakunan, kawai kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari kuma ku kula sosai da kulawa.
Haske da sanya laperuzia
Kyakkyawan hasken don laperuzia ba kawai za a buƙaci lokacin kawai daga farkon ganye bushewa zuwa dasawa ba. Lokacin da shuka yake cikin yanayin cikakken dormancy a cikin yanayin bushe, tukwane tukwane na laperuzia har za'a iya sanya su a wuri mai duhu. Amma bayan dasawa, duk da yanayin sanyi, dole ne a saka laperuzia a wuri mai haske tare da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Ana buƙatar hasken haske har sai ganye ya mutu.
Laperusia itace shuka don girma akan windowsill. Tana da kyau a cikin dakuna, dakuna da manyan dakuna. Ba ji tsoron manyan tarin abubuwa da kowane maƙwabta ba.
Zazzabi da iska
Yankunan cikin gida suna da kyau ga laperuzia a cikin aiki na ci gaban aiki.Haka yawan zazzabi ya kasance daga digiri + 18 zuwa +23, amma ba zai sha wahala a yanayin zafi ba. Dukkanin wahaloli tare da samar da yanayi mai kyau ana danganta su da lokacin lalacewa na shuka.
Bayan an gama furanni, ana ci gaba da laperusia, yana barin ganyen ya bushe. Halin da ake ciki na tsarewa baya canzawa ko da bayan kammala rawayarsu da mutuwa, tare da samar da yanayin bushewa na tsawon sauran. A cikin kaka, a watan Oktoba, bayan dasawa, ana canja tukwane da kwararan fitila zuwa yanayi daban - cikin sanyi, zazzabi ya kasance daga +5 zuwa +8.
A cikin lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi, ana kiyaye laperusia har sai akwai alamun tsiro. Ci gaban laperuzia ya koma zafin jiki, yana maimaita yanayin sake zagayowar. Tsirrai na iya girma tare da tono daga ƙasa, amma a wannan yanayin akwai haɗarin mafi girma na asarar kwararan fitila daga bushewa, don haka la'akari da dabarun bunƙasa laperusia tare da bushewar lokacin sanyi a cikin substrate.
Laperusia na buƙatar samun iska ta yau da kullun. Tsire-tsire ba su amsa da kyau sosai ga canje-canje kwatsam a cikin yanayi yayin matakan girma (yayin da sanyin sanyi ba zai cutar da su da komai ba). Lokacin da aka kiyaye shi cikin sanyi bayan dasawa, ya zama dole a kula da yawan motsawar yau da kullun na ɗakin.
Laperusia na oreogen (Lapeirousia oreogena).
Laperuzia kulawa a gida
Saboda tsawon lokacin hutawa, ba abu bane mai wahala ka kula da laperuzia. Itace na bukatar yin narkarda sosai da kuma sanya kayan miya, kuma kula da wannan kwan fitila zai iya yiwuwa har ma da masu fara girki, idan ba don buqatar kulawa da gyara ba da kuma kwarin gwiwa na fure. Mafi yawan shekara ba lallai ne ka yi ƙoƙari ba ko kaɗan. Babban mahimmin ci gaban cinya na cinya na cinya lafia ya zama canji mai kyau a tashi daga lokacin ci gaba zuwa matakin hutu da kuma gaba.
Watering da zafi
A lokacin ci gaba mai aiki da fure don laperuzia, yana da sauƙi don zaɓar dabarun ban ruwa da ya dace. Ta hana damuna, saboda wannan albasa suna kiyaye barzahu na daskararren man, suna barin saman ya bushe da kuma cire ruwa daga kwandon shara kai tsaye bayan wannan hanyar.
Na ɗan lokaci na hutawa, an daina shayar da laperusia gabaɗaya. Tsire-tsire suna canzawa zuwa yanayin bushewa a hankali, fara rage ruwa da ƙara haɓaka tsakanin su da zarar ganye ya fara bushewa. Bayan an bushe bushe da ganyayyaki, ana tura tsire-tsire tare da bushe bushe zuwa yanayi mai kyau, dakatar da duk hanyoyin ruwa. Watering sake farawa a hankali da sannu a hankali, bayan dasawa, kawai dan kadan moistening kasar gona lokacin da kiyaye shi cikin sanyi. Watering yana ƙaruwa ne kawai da farkon ci gaban ganye, kuma bayan an kawo tsire-tsire cikin zafin rana, sai su fara aiwatar da ruwa na yau da kullun, suna barin saman Layer na substrate ya bushe ya kuma ci gaba da ɗora wutar zafi.
Ciyar da takin zamani
Laperusia, kamar sauran corms, ana ciyar da shi ne kawai a cikin lokacin girma. Manyan miya suna farawa bayan ganye sun bayyana kuma fara ruwa yana al'ada. Yana da kyau a kara yawan lokutan riguna na wannan amfanin gona, idan aka kwatanta da misali, da sanya takin zamani 1 kowane lokaci na kwanaki 10 har sai an gama fure.
Don laperuzia babu buƙatar zaɓar takin gargajiya na musamman don kwan fitila ko tuber. Daidaitaccen cikakken takin ma'adinai tare da daidaitaccen rabo na manyan macrocells guda uku sun dace da ita.
Triming da kamannin laperusia
Duk wani tsarin girke girken wannan tsirrai ya sauko zuwa matakai mafi sauki:
- cire farfajiyar bayan fure;
- cire bushe ganye.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Ana yada cutar ta Laperusia tsakanin lokacin hutu da kuma shirin fure a cikin sanyi. Shukewar tsire-tsire suna dasawa a watan Oktoba ko Nuwamba. Don laperuzia, yana da kyawawa don amfani da kwantena-matsakaici mai faɗi tare da nisa mai zurfi.
Mabuɗin zaɓi na abin da keɓaɓɓe don laparusia shine ƙimar abincinsa. Wannan corm an shuka shi a sako-sako, gaurayawar ƙasa. Kuna iya amfani da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya ko ƙasa don kwararan fitila, ko zaka iya amfani da cakuda ƙasa mafi sauki daga yanki ɗaya na yashi, humus da peat.
Ba wai kawai high, amma kuma m malalewa tare da babban murabba'i ne dole a dage a kasan tukwane. Idan ƙasa ba ta yi kama da isasshen sako ba, za a iya ƙara ƙari a ciki - daga yashi zuwa perlite ko ƙasa mai ƙwaya.
Laperusia bata taba dasa kwano daya ba. An sanya tsire a cikin rukuni, daga inji 6 zuwa 8 a cikin tukunya. Bayan tono daga tsohuwar substrate, ana bincika kwararan fitila, raba, kawai bushe ko tushen lalacewa, suna ƙoƙarin kada su cutar da sauran, suna aiwatar da wurare tare da alamun lalacewa kuma suna jiƙa duk kayan dasawa a cikin maganin fungicide mai haske na awa 1 don lalata. Kafin dasa shuki, da kwararan fitila laperuzia dole ne a bushe. An sanya tsutsotsi don kada ƙarancin santimita na ƙasa ya kasance a tsakaninsu. Shuka bai yarda da zurfin zurfafawa ba: saita kwararan fitila a kwance, tare da ci gaban girma sama, saboda zurfin dasa ya zauna a matakin 3 cm.
Kwari da cututtuka a kan laperuzia, ba wahala daga dampness, ba su faruwa.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli girma
A cikin al'adun daki, laperuzia na iya wahala kawai daga rashin kulawa mai kyau da rashin isasshen yanayi yayin dormancy. Kwari da cututtuka a kan shuka wanda ba ya wahala daga dampness bai faruwa. Tare da wuce haddi na danshi, laperusia na iya mutuwa daga lalacewa. Yin gwagwarmaya tare da alamun wilting da lalacewar kwararan fitila na iya zama jigilar gaggawa kawai.
Yaduwa da Laperuzia
Hanya mafi sauƙi don haifuwa don cinya shine cincin yara. Ma'aikatan Subsan ƙasa ana keɓance su kowace shekara lokacin dasawa. Yawancin lokaci, tsire-tsire suna samar da su sosai; ana iya raba kwararan fitila na shekara ba tare da tsoro ba.Abinda kawai kuke buƙatar kulawa shine kawai kula da yaran da basu gama balaga ba. Ka'idojin shuka da girma ga kananan laperuzia ba su da bambanci da dabarun aikin gona da aka bada shawarar ga tsirrai.
A hankali fruiting laperuzia abu ne mai sauki girma daga tsaba. Wannan shine albasa mai tushe wanda ya isa ya iya fitar da fure a cikin shekarar shuka. Ana tattara tsaba da aka tattara masu sanyi da duhu har sai lokacin bazara, shuka tare da seedlingsan fari na farko. Za'ayi daskarewa a cikin peat-sand substrate, tare da murfin haske na ƙasa. Don laperuzia ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don girma seedlings. Ana aiwatar da ruwa bayan bayyanar ganye biyu. Seedlings an sanya su a cikin ƙungiyoyi iri ɗaya kamar lokacin da girma tsire-tsire.
