Shirye-shirye don hunturu bisa ga tsohuwar girke-girke. Kashi na 1

"Yaya wannan albarka idan ƙuruciyarku da ƙuruciya ku wuce cikin ƙauye, Allah ya manta!" Wani zai yarda da wannan bayanin tare da fahimta, wasu kamar ƙarfe ne ko kuma shakkar magana. Ba zato ba tsammani, a cikin "littafin labarin marubuta na yara", wanda har yanzu ana karatuna a cikin makarantunmu na ilimi, Zh.Zh.Russo ya ba da shawarar matasa su sami ilimi, i.e. saboda a lokacin da wani wuri yake kasa da shekara 15 yara maza da mata suna zama a cikin gari, cikin yanayi. Kuma me yasa, a zahiri, a cikin ƙauyen Allah da aka manta? Wataƙila, da yardar Allah, ƙauyen da aka ba ni, inda na girma kuma na girma, kusan shekaru 20 ke nan. Shin zaku kalli wannan kyakyawar darajar da Darajarta ta yiwa Yanayin wadannan wurare; Ga adireshin: ƙauyen Kolychevo, yankin Saratov. Ba zato ba tsammani, babban shahidi wanda ya shahara a tarihin Rasha, ya sami matsayi tsakanin tsarkaka, Babban Bafalatana Philip, wanda ke ɗaure cikin kurkuku ta hanyar ɗayan manyan masu tsaron Ivan the Mugun, ya fito ne daga gidan iyayen Kolychevs masu daraja.

r. Khoper kusa da ƙauyen Kolychevo, Yankin Saratov, Gundumar Turkovsky © Parker

Masana ilimin halayyar dan adam sun ce ya kamata a dauki lokacin da iyayen kakansu suke tun suna yaro ya zama hutu, a matsayin kyautar makoma. Kuma me zan iya faɗi idan wannan lokacin ya ƙaru da yawa zuwa shekaru 20? Kuna iya kiran shi lokacin farin ciki, abubuwan tunawa masu kyau waɗanda zasu wanzu har ƙarshen rayuwa. Idan babu irin wannan tunanin yara da tunanin matasa, ta yaya ran dan Adam zai rayu? Shekaru da yawa, mutane kan yawaita tuna abubuwan da suka gabata. Don haka ni ma, duk na tuna da labarin da yawa na rayuwar ƙauyen mu.

Shin zai yuwu a manta da yadda ake ji tsawon lokaci a cikin gandun daji, kuma a kowane lokaci na shekara: a farkon bazara, da lokacin sanyi, da damina. Kuma filayen marasa iyaka yayin girbi: murnar yin aiki akan mai amfani da injin, mai tara tara kaya, kuma kawai a matsayin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da takwarorinsu yayin jigilar hatsi zuwa ɗagawa, kwance kai tsaye akan hatsi a bayan motar tsere tare da "babban ƙura". Ba a ma maganar farauta da kamun kifi. Shahararren mafarauci kuma masanin mashin, marubuci S.T. Aksakov, idan ya kasance mai sa'a sosai don kallo, tabbas zai kasance da hassada mai haske. Ina son raba wa tare da masu karatu na Botanychki tunanina game da yadda nake tunanina yadda kakaninki suka shirya shirye-shiryen hunturu.

Yaƙin ya kusan kusa, 1944 ya ci gaba, amma lokacin ya kasance mai wahala, mara kyau, wani lokacin ma har fama da yunwa. Mazauna sun yi rayuwa a fagen tattalin arzikinsu, ba lallai ne su dogara da taimakon wani ba. Amma wannan bazara ya zama nasara. Kakan kakana ya fitar da zuma daga cikin amya, kakata ya sanya jam (an dafa shi, kamar yadda yake a zamanin da, a cikin lambu, a gindin jan karfe na musamman, akan zuma). Don hunturu, ta bushe berries: cherries, currants, yanke apples, Sinanci (duka) da prunes. Don kananun na hunturu, ita ma ta bushe kabewa (yanka) da beets na sukari su a cikin hanyar. Don salting kayan lambu, bushewa berries da 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, an zaɓi ɗayan ranakun Satumba mai kyau. An riga an shirya cellar don waɗannan hanyoyin: an share shi daga ragowar dusar ƙanƙara, wanda ya zama daidai a matsayin mai sanyaya a cikin lokacin zafi (a lokacin rani, yawancin samfuran kiwo da kifi an adana su a cikin cellar). Dankali da dangi da shanu suna sango a cikin barga, gami da beets na abinci da sauran kayan lambu, an saukar da su cikin kayan abincin. Kuma mafi mahimmanci shine, an saukar da itacen oak na kayan itacen gwari a cikin cellar: kowanne game da lita 300. A baya ana cika bututu da ruwa a kan titi domin itacen ya bugu kuma ba za suyi ba. Kusa da cellar an shirya komai don aiki: wani keɓaɓɓen tebur da aka yi da katako, guga don tattara tumatir da cucumbers, ruwa da aka kawo daga rijiyar da sauran kayan haɗi sun tsaya akan ƙafafunsa.

Fermented tumatir tare da cakuda kayan lambu

Me ya sa jikan nawa ya tuna da wannan aiki? Haka ne, saboda ya yi farin cikin ganin wannan aikin tsarkaka na kaka da kakarsa. Sun kasance sun yi wahayi zuwa gare shi, abokantaka da kyautatawa ga juna, cewa babu wata shakka: suna matukar farin cikin yin wannan aikin. Wa ya sani, wataƙila kyakkyawan ban mamaki da ya yi mulki a waccan lokacin, wanda ya kirkirar da kyakkyawar dangantakar mahalarta wannan aikin, shima ya ba da gudummawa ga nasarar kasuwancin da ake samu. Fasaha ta biyo baya: Kakan uba ya yanke kabeji, ya kula da tsabtace don jikan wanda aka bari a aiki. Babban jikan nasu yana cin abinci cikin nishadi kuma ya fada cikin rijiyar don ruwa, wanda za'a wanke shi da kayan lambu, an jera shi kai tsaye daga gonar, sannan kuma amfani da ruwa don brine. Kimanin guga guda na yankakken kabeji an saukar dashi cikin cellar kuma a ko'ina ana rarraba su a kasan bututun farko. A baya can, kasan baƙin an yi shi tare da ganyayyaki na horseradish, dill umbilllas, yankakken yankakken tafarnuwa da asalin itacen oak, ganyen itacen oak, cherries da baki currants. Bayan haka, an saukar da guga na cucumbers cikin cellar kuma an shimfiɗa ta a kan wani yanki na yankakken kabeji. Bayan haka sai kabeji ya sake bayanuwa, sai tumatir. Yankunan da aka sanya a cikin bahon kayan lambu suna sau da yawa ta hanyar kayan ƙanshi da aka lissafa a sama. Sabili da haka ga saman tub ɗin. Abin takaici, ban da cikakkun bayanai game da girke-girke na irin wannan 'kayan hadin' kayan lambu, a fili, wannan ba abin ban sha'awa bane ga ɗan shekaru bakwai. Idan wani daga cikin masu karatun Botany yana sane da wannan hanyar, don Allah a raba. Bugu da ari, zamu maida hankali ne akan tsohuwar girke-girke na girkin, wanda ya zama sananne ga marubucin nan gaba.

Pickled apples.

Da farko, muna yin la’akari da fasaha mai sauƙin sauƙaƙewa na apples, wanda muke buƙatar acidic da nau'in m, mafi kyawun - antonovka. Idan ba ku da itacen itacen oak, linden ko itacen al'ul a hannu ba, zaku iya amfani da ganga na filastik ko flasks, amma kawai an yi niyya ne don abinci. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyau a yi amfani da kwalba na gilashin 3 ko 5. Da farko, yada ganyen horseradish, yankakken tafarnuwa, yankakken tushen horseradish, blackcurrant ganye da cherries a kasan baho ko wasu ganga. Na gaba, muna ajiye layuka na kyawawan apples tare da fata mai tsabta, sau da yawa ana jujjuya layuka na apples tare da kayan ƙanshin da ke sama, wanda muke rufe apples daga sama. An shirya brine a cikin kudi na kofuna waɗanda 2 na sukari da rabin gilashin gishiri a kowace lita 10 na ruwa. Ana bada shawara don ƙara tablespoonsan tablespoons na hatsin hatsin rai a cikin brine. A ƙarshe, rufe murfinmu tare da tsabtataccen zane ko gauze cikin yadudduka da yawa kuma sanya apples a ƙarƙashin latsa. Apples cike da brine an bar har sati daya zuwa ferment a dakin da zazzabi. Da zaran kumfa ya fado a farfajiyar kuma iska ta daina fita waje, kwantena tare da apples ya kamata a rufe su sosai sannan a saukar da su cikin ginin. Yanayin yanayin da ya dace da adanar ɓoyayyen apples ana ɗauka iyaka bai wuce digiri 10 ba ƙasa da ƙasan 3 digiri. C. Bayan wata daya, apples za su shirya.

Pickled apples

Soaked juya.

Ina so in yi magana game da wannan girke-girke, ajiye ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa mai haske na kakana. Yana gama yin shirye-shiryen yau da kullun a duk lokacin hunturu, sai ya ɗanɗana ƙaramin ganga na ƙaya a ƙarshen, wanda ya ji daɗin cin abincin dare a doguwar maraice mai sanyi. Wannan abincin mai yiwuwa yana da daraja. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa an yi imani da cewa ƙaya mai soyuwa ta fuskar dandano tana kan cincin zaitun da ke waje. Ya kamata a tuna cewa dukkan sassan wannan tsire-tsire masu magani ne: haushi yana da kayan antipyretic, tushen da itace suna diaphoretic, furanni na ƙaya suna inganta metabolism, berries suna dauke da bitamin, alli, magnesium, malic acid da tannins. M da tinctures, jam sanya daga blackthorn berries.

Fasaha na soaking mai sauqi qwarai. An zaɓi ƙaya da ƙaya mara kyau, an wanke su da ruwan sanyi, wanda aka sanya su a cikin gilashin ko akwati mai cike. Ana zuba ruwa a cikin kwanon - 1 lita, ana zuba gishiri - 1 tablespoon, sukari - 2 tablespoons kuma an kawo maganin zuwa tafasa. Bayan haka yakamata a sanyaya. 3 kilogiram na ƙaya an zubar da su tare da shiri wanda aka shirya. Akwatin an rufe shi da rigar lilin da da'irar katako wacce akan sa nauyin. Bayan sati daya na fallasa a zazzabi daki, ana iya aika kwantena tare da ƙayayuwa da ƙaya zuwa cikin ɗakin ƙasa ko kuma wani wuri mai sanyi.

P.S. Ya kamata a sani cewa kakana sunyi amfani da tushen malt maimakon sukari, kamar lokacin da aka soya apples, a fili yana da masaniya game da abubuwan warkarwa. Shi ne - licorice tushe, mai dadi tushe, licorice tushe.