Za a iya danganta ire-iren tsire-tsire zuwa tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da farin lambu mai son tare da unpreentiousness a cikin kulawa. Kuma ɗayan manyan nau'ikansu shine asalin Mammillaria. Dangane da bayanan kwanan nan, yana da nau'ikan mutum ɗari uku, yawancinsu suna girma a Meziko.
Iri nau'ikan cactus
Mammillaria ƙaramin ɗabi'a ne; yawancinsa yana da ganyen kore mai duhu. ball ko silinda. Babban bambanci tsakanin wannan asalin da dukkanin cacti shine kasancewar akan mai tushe na wannan tsiro na papillae daban-daban wanda daga ƙaya yake girma. A tsakãninsu, furanni suna fitowa daga sinuses. Zaka iya bambance ire-iren wadannan nau'ikan ta siffofin su, launinsu, da kuma tsarin fure.
Tushen mimmilaria suna kan farfajiya, amma suna da ƙarfi sosai. Tushen tsarin, wanda yake a tsakiyar, baya zurfi sosai, kuma sauran asalin, dogo da kauri, an riga an cire su daga ciki.
Siffofin dabbobi masu shayarwa sun hada da takamaiman aikin areola, an kasu kashi biyu, ɗayan wanda yake a saman tarin ƙwayar, yana cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, kuma ɗayan a cikin sinus dinsa kuma yana da kawai mafitsara tare da bristles na bakin ciki a hankali. A cikin areola na biyu, cigaban fure da harbe yana faruwa, amma lokacin da tarin fuka ya isa lokacin da ake buƙata. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa furanni a murtsunguwa ba a saman bene ba.
Duk da haka wannan dabi'ar ta bambanta da sauran cacti da yawa da ƙaya. An rarrabe su ta launi da sifar, akwai nau'ikan ƙugiya, cirrus, yin zubarwa da makamantansu ga allurai masu kauri. Launin launi na ƙaya kuma ya bambanta: fari, baƙi, ja da wasu da yawa. wani
An bambanta nau'ikan masu zuwa:
Mammillaria shide. Cactus madaidaiciya mai ƙyalli a cikin ƙwallon ƙwallo, madaidaitan kara yana kusan 4 cm, kuma tubercles mai kamannin jiki ya kai tsawon cm 1 Babu tsintsiya a tsakiya, kuma radial, a matsayin mai mulkin, fararen launi ne, mai gashi, daga tsawon 2 zuwa 5 mm. Wadannan kasusuwa suna kama da gashin fuka-fukai, saboda haka da dimbin yawa suke rufe kara har ma da koren launirta. Girman daddaɗin furanni ya kai 2 cm, kuma launi mai launin shuɗi-fari, fruitsa fruitsan itace ruwan hoda da launi. Wannan nau'in yana da inganci.- Manyan ƙwayar cuta mai shayarwa. Tabin ya kasance mai girma sosai a cikin girman kuma wani lokacin yakan kai cm 30 a tsayi kuma yana da fadi cm 14. ercaƙƙarfan sandarta, na bakin ciki ne da kuma kaɗa. Irin wannan nau'in mammillaria yana da ƙarancin alama.
- Mammillaria dusar ƙanƙara-fari shima babban nau'in tsiro ne. A farkon shekarun tsufa, yana cikin nau'i na ƙwallan ƙwallon ɗan kadan a saman, kuma a cikin mafi girma da girma a cikin nau'in silinda, wanda diamita zai iya zama 14 cm da tsawo - 30 cm. Su ne launuka masu launin ruwan hoda cikin launi kuma gajere, sun kai tsawon 1 cm kuma suna girma cikin rukuni na 8 zuwa 12. Girman daskararren furannin murtsunguwa yana daga 2 zuwa 3 cm, ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi tare da tsiri mai burgundy. 'Ya'yan itãcen suna da launi mai haske ja.
- Mammillaria Theresa. Wannan nau'in murtsunguwa ba shi da rauni sosai, mai ƙirar kwai, kuma wannan dwarf yana da tsayi 4 cm kawai, yana da girman cm 3 Tubercles a cikin siffar silinda suna da tsawon 4 zuwa 6 mm. Radial spines, harhada daga guda 22 zuwa guda 30, tsawan 2 mm, suna kusan farin fari. Kuma kashin tsakiyar suna daɗewa, sun kasance a cikin yanki guda 9, masu launin shuɗi. Furannin murtsunguwar wannan nau'in sunada yawa (har zuwa 3 cm a diamita) da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ja.
- Thorny Mammillaria cactus ne na matsakaici, galibi ba a saka shi kamar silinda. Tsawonta da diamita ya kai 30 cm da 10 cm, bi da bi. Siffar daidaituwar ƙwayar tsoka tana da tsawon mm 5 mm, al amuran dake saman kafafunsu suna daga 20 zuwa 25 na fari mai launin fari (tsawon - 4-6 mm) kuma daga 12 zuwa 15 spines a tsakiyar (tsawon - 1-1.5 cm) . Girman furanni shine 1-1.5 cm 'Ya'yan itaciya suna da ja.
- Rekoi Mammillaria wani murabus ne mai matsakaicin sikelin. Tsawon wannan nau'in murtsunguwa ya kasance daga 12 zuwa 13 cm, tare da diamita daga 5 zuwa 6. A cikin areoles, akwai har zuwa guda 30 na ƙananan ƙananan hancin radial (tsawon 4-6 mm) na fari, mai launin shuɗi-fari, da duhu mai ruwan duhu na tsakiya - har zuwa guda 7, waxanda suke da girma da kauri (har zuwa 25 mm). Furanni masu launin shuɗi-ruwan hoda a launi, tsayi 1.5 cm, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin ja.
Mammillaria shide. Cactus madaidaiciya mai ƙyalli a cikin ƙwallon ƙwallo, madaidaitan kara yana kusan 4 cm, kuma tubercles mai kamannin jiki ya kai tsawon cm 1 Babu tsintsiya a tsakiya, kuma radial, a matsayin mai mulkin, fararen launi ne, mai gashi, daga tsawon 2 zuwa 5 mm. Wadannan kasusuwa suna kama da gashin fuka-fukai, saboda haka da dimbin yawa suke rufe kara har ma da koren launirta. Girman daddaɗin furanni ya kai 2 cm, kuma launi mai launin shuɗi-fari, fruitsa fruitsan itace ruwan hoda da launi. Wannan nau'in yana da inganci.Kulawar Mamillaria a gida
Ka'idodi na asali don kula da dabbobi masu shayarwa:
- Shuka itace hoto, sabili da haka, tana buƙatar isasshen hasken wuta.
- Babu dalilin da ya kamata a kyale shuka ambaliyar ruwa, daga wuce haddi na danshi zai iya mutuwa.
Don kwalekwalen don faranta wa furanni fure a cikin bazara, a cikin hunturu ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa fure na cikin gida yana da daidai lokacin hunturu.
- Yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasar Mammillaria ta kasance sako-sako.
- Ciyar da wani houseplant.
- Saka idanu bayyanar cicus, tushen sa don guje wa kasancewar cututtuka da kwari.
Haske
Mammillaria suna cikin tsire-tsire masu daukar hoto, musamman nau'ikan su na mashaya. A gare su mafi yawan hasken da ake buƙata, musamman a lokacin rani, don haka windows a kudu, yamma da gabashin bangarorin sun dace da su. Amma nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa a tsakar rana suna son kyawawan abubuwa.
Irin wannan muhalli na cikin gida na jure zafin da kyau, kuma zai iya zama daidai a gare su a 20-23 ° C, kuma a cikin hunturu ya fi kyau a samar da zazzabi daga 10 zuwa 12 ° C don ba ƙwarya ba, don mashaya 5 5 C mafi girma na fure.
Watering dabbobi masu shayarwa
A cikin hunturu, hutawa cacti na gida da wasu nau'in basu buƙatar shayar da kullun a wannan lokacin. Plantungiyar gida tana jin tsoron yawan danshi, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci kada a cika fure. A farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da ya zama sannu-sannu sosai, cacti farka kuma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, injin fure ya bayyana a kansu. Kuma daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen bazara, ana buƙatar shayar da dabbobi masu shayarwa sosai, yin wannan a kai a kai 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 8-10, dangane da yanayin. Kuma ta hanyar faduwa, ana buƙatar rage ruwa zuwa sau ɗaya a wata.
Cin nasara wani muhimmin aiki ne a rayuwar dabbobi masu shayarwa
Idan kuna son curin jirgin ruwa don farantawa tare da furanni masu ban sha'awa, to, suna buƙatar samarwa bushe sanyi hunturu. Tare da rage yawan zafin jiki, tsari na musamman na kayan abinci yana faruwa a cikin murtsunguwa, saboda wanda ake haihuwar fure furen.
Wintering ya kamata ya kasance a wurin da akwai wadataccen hasken wuta kuma a zazzabi da bai wuce 12 0C ba. A lokaci guda, ba a buƙatar ban ruwa na mammillaria ba, idan ƙananan nau'ikan cacti, to sau ɗaya a wata za ku iya ɗan ɗayar da dan kadan.
Jin zafi
Cacti na iya jure da bushewar iska na cikin gida sosai, saboda haka babu buƙatu na musamman a cikin danshi.
Ilasa da dasawa da dabbobi masu shayarwa
Mixtureasa cakuda cikin gida ya kamata ya kasance mai yawan kwance, yana barin iska da ruwa su ratsa ta. An sayo shi a cikin shaguna na musamman.
Zai fi kyau ɗaukar jita-jita don cacti wide kuma ba zurfi sosai ba, kula da samun rami na magudana a kasan tukunyar don magudana ruwa fiye da kima. Abin mamaki shine, kwantena filastik sune mafi kyau ga mammillaria, tunda ƙasa a cikinsu bata bushewa kuma saboda haka matasa, Tushen thinned basu lalace.
Sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin bazara, dole ne a sake dasa cacti, tsire-tsire ne kawai sau ɗaya kowace shekara uku. An dasa su ta hanyar jingina gida tare da dunƙule na tsohuwar ƙasa, ba tare da taɓa Tushen ba, in ba haka ba zaku iya lalata gidan cikin gida. Bai kamata a yi ruwa yanzun nan ba, kawai dai jira kawai yan kwanaki ne domin baiwa mammillaria damar daidaitawa.
Manyan miya
Wajibi ne don ciyar da shuka ƙwararrun masu ƙara sau ɗaya a kowane kwanaki 30, musamman idan sun girma sosai (bazara-kaka). A cikin hunturu, dabbobi masu shayarwa ba ya buƙatar ciyarwa.
Kiwo
Mammillaria haifa sauƙin sauƙi, amma akwai wasu alamu waɗanda ke haifan kawai daga tsaba.
Matsaloli masu tasowa, cututtuka da kwari
Abin baƙin ciki, a gida yana girma a cikin akwati tare da shuka kwari iya warware:
Mwararrun ƙwayoyi gizo-gizo da kwari masu kwari suna iya haifar da babbar illa ga irin wannan muƙaman. Idan shuka bai yi kyau ba, to, kuna buƙatar samun isasshen dabbobin daga tukunya kuma nemi kasancewar asalin tushen scabies. Idan sun kasance, to, wajibi ne don watsa shuka a cikin cakuda ƙasa mai kyau, kafin shafa Tushen da abin ya shafa tare da barasa.- Itatuwa na iya shafawa a kusa da nematodes. Ana iya gane wannan ta hanyar bincika tushen tsire-tsire a hankali; Idan ba a tantance wannan cutar a cikin lokaci ba, tururin na iya mutuwa. Don neman magani a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, an yanke sassan jikin rhizome tare da wuka ta amfani da wuka. Sa'an nan ya kamata a sanya mujin a cikin kwano tare da ruwa (daga 45 zuwa 50 0C), kuma a yi ƙoƙarin hana ruwa daga kan tushen wuyan shayarwa. Bayan hanyoyin, yayyafa tushen tare da yankakken gawayi.
- Mammillaria, galibi ba'a kula da shi ba, alamar ja ta shafi shi. Don kauce wa wannan, ya kamata a bi da cutar tare da murtsunguro tare da buroshi a cikin maganin giya. Idan kaska ta riga ta yi rauni, ya zama dole a kula da tsirran tare da maganin maganin zazzabin (0.15%).
Mwararrun ƙwayoyi gizo-gizo da kwari masu kwari suna iya haifar da babbar illa ga irin wannan muƙaman. Idan shuka bai yi kyau ba, to, kuna buƙatar samun isasshen dabbobin daga tukunya kuma nemi kasancewar asalin tushen scabies. Idan sun kasance, to, wajibi ne don watsa shuka a cikin cakuda ƙasa mai kyau, kafin shafa Tushen da abin ya shafa tare da barasa.Mammillaria suna da yawa mai sauƙin kulawa, saboda haka wannan fure mai girma ne ga masu farawa masu son tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Idan kun bi duk ƙa'idodin da ake buƙata don kula da fure na gida, ku kula da bayyanarsa, a kai a kai ku binciki Tushen, to, za ku ga yadda mammillaria ɗin zai dace da kyau cikin dakin kuma ku ji daɗin ɗan girkin.
