Echinacea purple iri namo dasa da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa Hoton furanniEchinacea (Echinacea) - tsire-tsire na perennial herbaceous na gidan Asteraceae na iyali (Asters). An fassara shi daga Girkanci, sunan yana nufin "farashi, kamar shinge."
Wannan ya faru ne saboda siffar inflorescence: zuciyar ta ƙunshi furanni tubular da yawa (masu kama da shinge), an cika ta da filayen launuka masu haske, kamar chamomile. Karl Linnaeus ya fara bayyana Echinacea a cikin 1753 kuma an sanya shi ga asalin halittar Rudbencia, amma bayan kimanin shekaru 40 sai aka ware shi a cikin asalin sa.
Bayanin Botanical
Dankin yana da rhizome. Tsawonta shine 1-1.5 m. Kara yake daidai, m. Ganyayyaki basal suna da fadi, m a siffar tare da gefunan jagged a haɗe zuwa petioles mai tsayi. Ganyayyaki mai tushe ne kusan sessile ko sessile, lanceolate, shirya daban.
Inflorescences-kwanduna (halayyar Compositae) suna da yawa. Marginal Reed inflorescences (petals) an fentin su da fararen, ruwan hoda, ja. Asalin yana da launin ja mai duhu, mai launin ja-launin ruwan kasa. Thean itacen mai rauni ne na rashin lafiya. Yana zuwa daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba.
Girma Echinacea daga Tsaba
Echinacea tsaba hoto
Ana amfani da yaduwar ƙwayar cuta (iri) akan tsire-tsire na ƙwayar cuta (ba a riƙe nau'in tsiro a cikin yaduwar iri ba).
Bude shuka
Yadda ake shuka echinacea a cikin hoto a ƙasa
- A cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana shuka iri Echinacea a farkon bazara ko ƙarshen kaka.
- Tona ƙasa, kafa gado, yin tsagi mara zurfi (zurfin saka zurfin 1-2 cm) a nesa na 20-25 cm, shuka ƙasa kaɗan, yayyafa shi da dunƙule na ƙasa, ruwa.
- 'Ya'yan dabino na farko suna firam zuwa nesa daga 7-8 cm, sannan - 10-15, a ƙarshe, barin bushes a nesa na 25-30 cm don nau'in tsiro mai ƙananan-girma da 40-50 cm don tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi. wuce haddi shuke-shuke za a iya dasa shi zuwa wani sabon wuri kamar yadda seedlings.
- A cikin shekarar farko, Echinacea ya gina tushen tushe, fure zai faru a kakar mai zuwa.
Shuka shuka a gida
Echinacea daga tsaba a gida harbe harbe
Don samun shirye seedlings don dasa dasa, kuna buƙatar shuka seedlings.
Lura cewa tsaba suna da wuya harsashi, don haka kafin dasa shuki yakamata a tsoma su a cikin ruwan dumi, kuma zai fi dacewa a cikin ci gaban mai motsawa. Ko da a wannan yanayin, shuka yana ɗaukar kimanin wata 1.
- Shuka seedlings na Echinacea don seedlings a ƙarshen Fabrairu. Shuka a katako, katako, ko kuma kofuna waɗanda kowacce - a wurinku.
- A kasar gona ya zama haske, permeable ga ruwa da iska.
- M zurfafa tsaba ta 5-10 mm.
- Nisa tsakanin tsaba shine cm 5 cm.
- Danshi amfanin gona, rufe da tsare, sanya a cikin wuri mai haske, kula da zafin jiki na 13-15 ºC.
- Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, cire fim. Kula da danshi na danshi a matsakaici.
- A farkon Mayu, fara fushi, barin hanya, farawa da 'yan awanni biyu, kuma a hankali ƙara lokaci zuwa cikakken yini.
- Shuka tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi a cikin ƙasa a cikin Mayu, lokacin da an riga an sanyaya ƙasa kuma barazanar dawo da ƙanƙan sanyi.
Itatuwan Echinacea Shuka
Yadda za a shuka echinacea a bude ƙasa hoto
Yana girma mafi kyau a cikin yankuna masu amfani da hasken rana mai haske.
Soilasa tana buƙatar isar da nutsuwa, tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ƙaramin alkaline. Ilsasa mai yashi mai laushi ko ƙasa mai tsayi ba su dace ba. Idan kasar gona ce mai acidic, amfani da lemun tsami lambu.
- Don seedlings, tono ramuka mai zurfin 5 cm; don seedlings, tono kadan fiye da girman tushen tsarin.
- Rike nisan kusan cm 30 tsakanin plantings. Sanya ɗan ƙaramin takin a ƙasan ramin dasa shuki.
Idan kun sayi babban seedling a cikin akwati, tono rami kusan zurfin cm 40. Rufe na uku tare da cakuda kasar gona, takin, yashi daidai gwargwado. Canja wurin fathoms tare da dunƙule dunƙule. Tushen tushe yakamata ya kasance daidai da matakin ci gaba a cikin akwati.
Yadda za a kula da Echinacea a gonar
- Echinacea na ruwa da yawa kuma sau da yawa. Yi kyau da yamma.
- A kai a kai cire ciyayi, lokaci-lokaci kwance ƙasa.
- Daga shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, fara ciyar. Sau biyu a kakar (a farkon bazara da bayan fure), ƙara Organic ko hadaddun ma'adinan taki.
- Idan babu buƙatar tattara tsaba, yanke wilted inflorescences tare da wani yanki na kara zuwa farkon ganye.
Yankin Echinacea ta hanyar rarraba daji
Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka shuka ta hanyar rarrabe daji (Ta wannan hanyar ana kiyaye haruffan haruffa). Za a iya raba daji Echinacea 4-5 shekaru. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin bazara (Afrilu) ko a cikin fall. A hankali tono daji, rarraba shi zuwa sassa don kowane ɗayan ya ƙunshi fure girma, 3-4.
Cututtuka da kwari na Echinacea
Idan bazara ne ruwa tare da zazzabi, yanayin milkewy zai yiwu: harbe da ganye an rufe shi da fure mai haske. Hakanan yana iya faruwa daga takaddar takin nitrogen. Wajibi ne don gudanar da jiyya tare da ruwa Bordeaux ko sulfur colloidal.
Cercosporosis, septoria sune cututtukan fungal masu haɗari, waɗanda aka bayyana ta fuskoki daban-daban akan ganye. Dankin ya zama mai rauni kuma yana iya mutuwa. Cire wuraren da abin ya shafa, tare da magani na fungicide.
Lokacin da aka shafi cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, ganye yakan juye zuwa rawaya da bushe, ciyawar fure ta lalace. Dole ne a cire tsire-tsire masu rauni daga rukunin yanar gizon kuma a ƙone su; a bi da wuraren ci gaba tare da kyakkyawan maganin manganese.
Karin kwari: kwari, kujerun roba, slugs. Tattara gastropods da hannu, yi amfani da tarkuna. Yin maganin kashe kwari zai taimaka wajen kawar da kwari.
Tarin iri
Yadda ake tattara hoto Echinacea tsaba
Shuka iri ba ta daidaita. Lokacin da cibiyar ta fi duhu, ana iya girbe waɗannan tsaba. A hankali cire su (yana da kyau a saka safa mara sanda), mai tsabta daga ragowar inflorescences da bushe. Tsaba da sauri rasa germination.
Echinacea hunturu
Echinacea yana da sanyi mai sanyi. Matasa tsirrai kuma, idan sanyi, dusar ƙanƙan hunturu ake hasashen, ya kamata a rufe shi don hunturu. A ƙarshen Oktoba, yanke da mai tushe, ciyawa tushen wuya tare da takin, tare da rufe bushe foliage, spruce kai.
Iri da nau'ikan Echinacea tare da hotuna da sunaye
A cikin yanayin halitta akwai kawai 9 jinsunan echinacea. Echinacea purpurea tare da nau'ikan horarwa da kuma nau'ikan halittu suna ba da fifiko, ƙasa da kullun, echinacea baƙon abu ne.
Echinacea tsarkakowar Echinacea purpurea
Echinacea purpurea echinacea purpurea cultivar rubinstern photo
Tsawon tsirrai ya kai kimanin m. Ganyayyaki basal suna da fadi, m a sifar, haɗe zuwa ɗakunan petioles; kara - oblong, sessile. Furen Reed yana da kusan 4 cm tsayi, suna da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, da jigon launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Iri:
Granatstem - tsawo na shuka ya kai 1.3 m. Reed furanni suna da yatsun kafa biyu, ana fentin cikin inuwa mai launin shuɗi, ainihin shine launin ruwan kasa. Girman diamita na inflorescence shine 13 cm.
Zonnenlach - ya kai tsayi na 1.4, diamita na kwandon shine cm 10. Theps of the reed inflorescences sun kasu kashi uku, launin yana da duhu ja, ainihin shine launin ruwan kasa.
Echinacea purpurea terryure terry iri iri Cranberry Cupcake photo
Cranberry Cupcake ne mai ban sha'awa iri-iri. Babbar ɗin tana da yawa, lush, ya ƙunshi ɗaruruwan ƙananan reeds, launin yana da ruwan hoda mai duhu, ana sanya fentin a cikin shuɗi mai haske.
Sarki - karar ta hau 2 m. Babban inflorescence ya kai diamita na 15 cm. Launi mai launin ja-ruwan hoda.
Echinacea purpurea fararen fata Echinacea purpurea White Swan hoto
White Swan - inflorescences na farin launi.
Indiaca - launuka daga launin toka-shuɗi zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai haske.
Echinacea purpurea Magnus Echinacea Purpurea 'Magnus' hoto
Magnus - tsayin tsirrai shine m. 1. popularan iri iri-iri ne. Asalin yana da launin ruwan kasa mai haske, petals masu launin shuɗi ne.
Tauraruwar roba - Echinacea 70-80 cm tsayi, diamita na kwandon kusan 14 cm. Fatar launin ruwan kasa, filayen rasberi.
Echinacea faɗuwar rana Echinacea x faɗuwar rana
Echinacea Sunset Echinacea x faɗuwar rana
Jerin jerin iri-iri, wanda Richard Skol yayi bita. Abune sananne ga manyan inflorescences. Reed inflorescences suna lanƙwasa, na iya samun launi na Mango, mustard, strawberry, peach, exude ban mamaki ƙanshi. Henna cibiya.
Popular iri:
Julia (daga jerin Butauka Ta Butarfin Buɗewa) - ya kai tsawo na cm 45. Furen furanni ne mai haske mai haske.
Cleopatra - diamita na inflorescence shine 7.5 cm. Petals suna da rawaya mai haske.
Echinacea Maraice Mai haske Echinacea Maraice Mai haske hoto
Maraice Haske shine madaidaicin mazugi mai launi na duhu. Reed rawaya furanni tare da ratsi orange da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Mek Melon - launi ya dace da sunan. An shirya furanni Reed a cikin layuka 2, suna da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda-shuɗi, gashin mai gashi, inuwa mai duhu.
Echinacea Passion Jirgin tashi yana tashi mara tsayi Hoton
Peshn sarewa - Reed inflorescences an juya shi cikin bututu, ana jera shi da shuɗi, zinariya yana da launin kore-mustard mai launin kore.
Echinacea Terry Scan wasan Cranberry Scoop Double Scoop
Double Scoop Cranberry - kama launi cranberry Echinacea.
Echinacea mara nauyi Echinacea paradoxa
Echinacea m Echinacea paradoxa a cikin hoto zane na lambu
Sanannen abu ne ga launin shuɗi mai haske na dogayen fure. A shuka siffofin iko bushes, Hardy a bushe lokacin bazaar.
Echinacea a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
Echinacea a cikin hoton zane mai faɗi tare da launuka daban-daban
Echinacea yana da kyau a cikin shuka rukuni, azaman kayan ado na bango da kuma shirin tsakiya a cikin masu haɗuwa. Haɗe tare da phlox, aster, monarda, blackhead, geyhera, iska, salvia, arun kumburi, hydrangea, lilin, astilbe, fescue, Jafan Jafan, karrarawa, catnip, veronica, duba babba a bango na coniferous bushes da bishiyoyi.
Yadda za a shuka furannin fure fure na fure echinacea tare da furanni
Haɗin haɗi mai ban sha'awa na echinacea a cikin shuka rukuni tare da furanni kamar yarrow na ado, physiostegia, keji alder.
Abubuwan da ke warkarwa na echinacea
Rhizome ya ƙunshi mayuka masu mahimmanci da mai mai yawa, enzymes, resins, abubuwa iri iri (azurfa, selenium, manganese, zinc, alli, potassium). Partasan ƙasa yana da wadata a cikin polysaccharides, tannins, flavonoids, Organic da launin ruwan kasa acid, mai mai mai mahimmanci, resins.
Shirye-shiryen Echinacea (ruwan 'ya'yan itace, decoction, tincture) suna da antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal, tasirin warkar da rauni, ƙarfafa rigakafi.
Contraindications don amfani sune rashin haƙuri na mutum, lokacin daukar ciki da lactation, cututtuka: cutar sankarar bargo, tarin ƙwaƙwalwa, sclerosis da yawa, tarin fuka.
