Halittar Calceolaria ya hada da kusan nau'ikan tsirrai 400 daga dangin rhizome, wadanda ke samun nasarar girma yayin barin gida. A cikin daji, ana shuka mafi yawan tsire-tsire a cikin Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
Babban bayani
Ainihin, itaciyar tana girma kamar ciyawa, bishiyoyi ko shukakkun fure tare da yin ganye ko kuma ganye. Furen fure ne mai hudda mai dauke da kumburi mai haske da kumburi biyu, wanda a ciki yake 2-3 na ciki. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da siffar akwatin.
Yawancin nau'ikan suna da ado, suna haifar da nau'ikan lambun da yawa, nau'ikan halittun da aka yi amfani da su: crenatiflora, arachnoidea, corymbosa, da dai sauransu Tsarin launuka na tsire-tsire suna da launuka masu launin ja, ruwan lemo, rawaya da shunayya, tare da inuwa ko kuma aka hango corolla, waɗanda galibi ake girma a cikin wani sanyi mai sanyi, kuma yaduwa ta hanyar itace ko tsaba.
An fassara Calceolaria a matsayin fure mai fure na ado, kodayake yana da wahala a gare ta ta ba da kulawa a gida, saboda gaskiyar cewa tana son abun cikin sanyi. Furannin wannan tsiron suna da kyau sosai a kamannin, yatsu biyu kuma mai kaifi, lebe na sama ba zai yiwu ba, ƙaramin girma ne sosai, amma ƙananan leɓun na fata ne, kuma sun kumbura, sun girma sosai cikin girma. Lokacin fure yana faruwa ne daga Maris zuwa Yuni, yayin wata guda, a wannan lokacin daga furanni 18 zuwa 55 suna fitowa akan tsire, waɗanda yawancin lokuta suke rufe su da ɗigo da aibobi.
Iri da iri
Calceolaria matasan A ƙarƙashin wannan suna, yawancin nau'ikan wannan shuka suna haɗuwa, waɗanda musamman suna da kyawawan bayyanar kyakkyawa tare da ganyayyaki masu laushi masu laushi na launuka masu haske da furanni na asali na launuka daban-daban, daga launuka masu tsabta zuwa ruwan lemo. A cikin namo na cikin gida, yana da siffar karamin daji, wanda ya kai sama da santimita 50 a tsayi.
Calceolaria purpurea An samo shi a cikin daji a cikin Chile, a matsayin tsirrai mai tsiro, wanda ya kai santimita 50 a tsawo. An nuna ƙananan takarda na tushe, ƙira a cikin sifa tare da serrations tare da gefen. Flowersanan furanni masu launuka masu launin shuɗi ko yadudduka masu launin shuɗi, da babban lebe mai cike da shuɗewa.
Kulawar gida na Calceolaria
Dankin yana da alaƙa da bambancin haske mai haske, amma ya kamata a girgiza shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Yana jin daɗi yayin da aka sanya shi kusa da gabas, yamma ko arewacin taga, idan wannan taga na kudu maso gabas, ya kamata a girgiza shuka ta amfani da takarda translucent ko masana'anta. Ya kamata kuma a shuka inuwa a lokacin da yake fure. A cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, yana yiwuwa a samar da shuka da karin hasken tare da fitilun fitil.
A kowane lokaci na shekara, an fi kiyaye ƙwayar calceolaria a cikin zafin jiki matsakaici na digiri 14 zuwa 17.
A lokacin furanni, suna samar da ruwa na shuka tare da tsaftataccen ruwa mai laushi, bayan bushewa na saman ƙasa ƙasa kuma kar a bar ruwa ya narke a cikin kwanon rufi. A ƙarshen lokacin furanni, an rage yawan ruwa, ana shayar da ƙasa kawai lokaci-lokaci, amma a lokaci guda ba su ƙyale bushewar bushewar ƙurar ƙasa ba. Lokacin da sabon harbi ya bayyana, yakamata a sake fara shayarwa.
A shuka bukatar samar da ƙara zafi. Ba'a ba da shawarar fesa tsire-tsire ba. Don a tabbatar da yanayin zafi da ake buƙata, za'a iya sanya tukunya tare da tsiron a cikin tire tare da yumɓun da aka faɗa, peat ko pebbles, hana tukunyar taɓa ruwa. Ana bada shawara don shuka shuka a cikin tukwane da aka saka cikin tukwane. Wannan zai sa ya yiwu a cike sararin samaniya tsakanin tasoshin tare da peat, wanda yakamata a jika shi akai.
Ya kamata a hadi da maganin Calceolaria bayan sati biyu, bayan dasa shuki a cikin kwano sai a ci gaba da yin hakan har zuwa lokacin furanni. Kowane suturar miya tana faruwa sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu tare da takin ma'adinai.
Bayan lokacin furanni ya ƙare, ana iya yanke shuka kuma a bar shi tsawon watanni 1.5-2, a cikin inuwa mai sanyi da sanyi, lokaci-lokaci yana shayar da abin don hana ƙasan ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Bayan haɓakar sabon harba, ya kamata a komar da shuka zuwa wurin da aka haskaka inda zai fara yin fure. Lokacin fure zai fara ne kimanin watanni 2 da suka gabata, idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire da aka shuka daga tsaba, amma a wannan yanayin, irin wannan namo yana ba da gudummawa ga shimfiɗa shuka da asarar adorativeness. A saboda wannan dalili, ya fi kyau girma shuka kowace shekara daga tsaba.
Hakanan tsire-tsire suna rasa kwalliyar su tare da shekaru, don haka ya fi kyau kar a watsa su, amma a maye gurbinsu da sababbi.
Cigaban iri na Calceolaria a gida
Shuka da tsaba a cikin Maris, don samun fure a cikin kaka, idan kuna son tsire-tsire suyi fure a cikin bazara, ya kamata a shuka su a watan Yuni.
Tsaba su ne kadan, game da dubu 30 guda suna kunshe ne a cikin gram 1, ya kamata a shuka su a farfajiya. Bayan abin da amfanin gona, ya zama dole a rufe shi da takarda, a lokaci-lokaci yana shafa shi. Kuma kamar yadda tsire-tsire za su sami ganyayyaki biyu na gaskiya, dole ne a ɗora su cikin kayan da aka shirya daga daidaitattun sassan ƙasa mai ƙiba, humus da tataccen ƙasa, da kuma ½ ɓangaren yashi.
Tsaba Calceolaria kuma suna girma sosai a cikin peat. Don tabbatar da furewar tsire-tsire a cikin Maris, ya kamata a dasa tsaba a Yuni 5-15 a cikin peat na lilin, wanda a baya an lalata shi daga rot ta dumama zuwa digiri 90-100. Don rage yawan acid na peat, ya zama dole don ƙara alli, kimanin 15-20 a kowace kilo 1 na peat.
Bayan haka, 1 ɓangaren yashi, game da sassan 7 na peat, an haɗa shi cikin substrate kuma gauraye da kyau. Shuka tsaba da ka, ba tare da yayyafa ba, bayan wannan an rufe amfanin gona da gilashi ko polyethylene. Idan siffofin fure a ciki na polyethylene ko gilashin, dole ne a juya wurin don hana danshi daga shigar tsirrai. Bayan haka, peat yana sa m.
Shuke-shuke suna nutsewa a karo na biyu, bayan samuwar rosette, suna maimaita su a cikin tukwane 7 cm kuma suna sanya su a allon taga haske. Kuma riga a cikin Satumba, tsire-tsire tsunkule, barin ganima biyu na ganye, daga sinus din wanda harbe ya bayyana kuma aka sake dasa shi, yana ƙara girman tukunyar da santimita 2-4
Hakanan za'a iya kirkirar bushesin Calceolaria ta pinching, cire harbe na gefen da yayi girma daga sinus na ganye.
A cikin lokacin daga Janairu zuwa Fabrairu, ana sake maye gurbin tsire-tsire, a cikin babban kwano tare da ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki da ƙasa mai nauyi. Don wannan, ƙasa humus acidic mai ɗanɗano tare da pH na kimanin 5.5 ya dace.
Lokacin da suke tattara abubuwa da kanmu, suna ɗaukar yankuna daidai na ƙasar Peat, ƙasar sod, da ƙasa humus, haka kuma ½ ɓangaren yashi, tare da ƙari da cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai, a cikin nauyin 2-3 na 1 kilogram na substrate. Ciyawar ciyawa tana faruwa bayan watanni 8-10 daga lokacin shuka iri.
