Sunan ya fito ne daga kalmomin helenanci 'callinos' - kyau da '' yan matan '' - wreath, inflorescences a cikin tsari suna kama da wreath. Astra - wanda aka fassara daga Girkanci yana nufin "tauraro".
Wani labari na tarihi ya faɗi cewa aster ta fito ne daga wani ƙurar ƙura da ta faɗo daga tauraro. Tuni a cikin tsohuwar Girka, mutane sun saba da maƙarƙashiyar Virgo, wanda ke da alaƙa da allahn ƙauna mai ƙauna Aphrodite. Dangane da tsohuwar tatsuniyar Girka, tsohuwar ta tashi daga turɓayar ƙasa lokacin da Budurwar ta kalli sama kuma tayi kuka. Ga tsoffin Helenawa, aster alamar ƙauna ce.
Akwai imani cewa idan kun tsaya a tsakanin asters da daddare kuma ku saurara da kyau, zaku iya jin ɗan raɗaɗɗa: 'yan asters ɗin suna da tattaunawa mai ƙarewa tare da' yan uwansu mata tauraruwa.
Akwai wani labari game da bayyanar asters a duniya: Malaman Taoist biyu sun yanke shawarar zuwa taurari. Sunyi tafiya na dogon lokaci a cikin kurmin ƙaya. Sun yi tafiya ta cikin farin itace. Mun hau daɗaɗɗun hanyoyi marasa ma'ana na dutsen. Girma kan dusar kankara. Har suka isa saman tsaunin Altai mafi tsayi. Amma, har zuwa saman, sun ga cewa taurari har yanzu suna cikin sama kuma ba su kusanci. Dolog wata hanya ce ta dawowa. Su dodanni ba su da abinci ko ruwa da suka rage, sai suka yayyage jikin cikin jini, suka kyakketa tufafinsu. Kusan ba tare da ƙarfi ba, sun sauko daga kan tsaunika, kuma suka fita zuwa cikin kyakkyawan makiyaya, inda rafi mai tsabta ya gudana da furanni masu ban mamaki. Ofaya daga cikin ruhubanawa, "mun zo ne ta wahalar da kyau don ganin kyawun taurari a sararin sama, kuma ga shi, sun juya, suna zaune a nan duniya." Sun haƙa kuma sun kawo tsire-tsire da yawa zuwa gidan sufi kuma suka fara dasa waɗannan furanni, suna kiran su asters, wanda a cikin Latin yana nufin taurari.
A kasar Sin, 'yan saman jannati suna nuna kyakkyawa, madaidaici, ladabi, kyakkyawa da kuma saukaka kai..
Ga 'yan ƙasar Hungary, wannan fure yana da alaƙa da kaka, saboda haka a cikin Hungary ana kiran isharar "fure fure". A zamanin da, mutane sun yarda cewa idan an jefa ganye da yawa na aster a cikin wuta, hayaki daga wannan wutar zai iya fitar da macizai.
Furen Aster alama ce ta mata da aka haifa a ƙarƙashin alamar taurari ta Virgo. Astra alama ce ta bacin rai. An dauki wannan fure a matsayin kyauta ga mutum daga alloli, aljihunsa, gemet, wani tauraron tauraron sa na nesa. Saboda haka, bacin rai da aka nuna masa shi ne bacin rai da ya rasa aljanna, rashin iya tashi zuwa sama.
Lambun Astra (Callistephus chinensis)Callistefus Sinawa, ko Astra na shekara - Callistephus chinensis.
Gida na - kudu maso yamma na Far East, China, Mongolia, Korea.
Ganye na shekara-shekara tare da ƙaƙƙarfan tsari, ingantacciyar ƙwayar cuta. The mai tushe ne kore, wani lokacin m, wuya, kafa, mai sauƙi ko jiguna. An shirya ganyayyaki a tsari mai zuwa, m akan petioles, m ko m-rhombic, m-toothed, serrate ko humped tare gefen; Manyan na sama suna kanti. Inflorescence shine kwando wanda ya kunshi fure da furanni. Yana blooms daga Yuli zuwa marigayi kaka. 'Ya'yan itacen cuta ne. Tsaba ta girma cikin kwanaki 30-40 bayan farkon fure, kula da iya tsawon shekaru 2-3. A cikin 1 g 450-500 tsaba.
Aster na shekara-shekara aster kadan ne na ado. An yi amfani da nau'ikan matasan da yawa a cikin al'ada na dogon lokaci, suna bambanta cikin tsari, girman, tsari da launi na inflorescences; a tsari da girman daji da lokacin fure.
Wuri: tsire-tsire iri-iri, mai jure sanyi. Ya kai mafi girman ado yayin da ake girma a cikin yanayin matsakaicin matsakaici da zafi na iska da ƙasa, fi son buɗewa, wuraren rana, amma yana jure inuwa mai ƙarfi.
Ilasa: yayi girma mafi kyau akan haske, ƙasa mai nauyi tare da acidity kusa da tsaka tsaki. Gabatar da taki a karkashin wannan amfanin gona yana haifar da shan kashi na tsirrai daga Fusarium. A saboda wannan dalili, ba za ku iya dasa asters ba bayan gladioli, tulips, carnations kuma ku koma shafin da ya gabata a baya bayan shekaru 4-5. Mafi kyawun magabata sune calendula da tagetes. A cikin kaka, a ƙarƙashin digging mai zurfi na ƙasa, ana bada shawara don ƙara kilogiram 2 na humus ko takin a cikin 1 m2, kafin digging spring - 20-40 g na superphosphate, 15-20 g na ammonium sulfate, 15-20 g na potassium gishiri. Allurar takin zamani ana nuna ta a hankali. Dole ne a ƙididdige takaddara takaddun abubuwa dangane da nazarin yanayin agrochemical na samfuran ƙasa.
Kulawa
Mafi kyawun ƙasa don asters sune m, haske loamy ko yashi loamy kasa tare da amsawa kusa-tsaka tsaki. A kan yashi mara laka ko yumɓu na yumɓu, asters kamar an haife su, watau, a maimakon manyan fure, fure mai sauƙi da ba ƙasa. Wuraren sun fi son rana, tare da matsakaicin zafi.
Kiwo
Asters ana iya yin girma ta hanyar shuka - wannan yana haɓakawa kuma yana tsawanta fure. Don samun seedlings, ana shuka asters a cikin ɗaki a ƙarshen Maris a cikin akwati tare da ƙasa mai lambun. Top tare da bakin ciki na ƙasa (1 cm), an shayar a hankali kuma an rufe shi da fim ko gilashi. Abubuwan Aster suna da kwasfa mai yawa, amma suna girma da sauri - kwanaki 3-5 bayan shuka a iska mai zafi na digiri 18-20. Zai fi kyau karɓi tsaba daga amfanin gona na bara.
Lingsalingsan itace suna shayar dasu akai-akai, kuma tare da isowar ganye na gaske guda biyu, an mai da su (dasa) a cikin akwati mai tsayi na 8 cm kuma tare da nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire na cm 3 Lokacin ɗaukar, Tushen asters an yanke. A nan gaba - matsakaici watering da loosening. Da wuri-wuri, ya kamata a dauki ƙananan tsire-tsire zuwa sabo ne.
A lokacin dasa shuki, 'ya'yan itacen ya kamata su sami kara mai karfi 6-10 cm tsayi da manyan ganyayyaki kore 5. Lokacin dasawa a cikin lambun fure daga farkon watan Mayu. Asters basa jin tsoron sanyi, suna jurewa da wuri da sauri kuma su da tushe.. Nisa tsakanin tsirrai a lokacin dasa: manyan iri - 40 cm, matsakaici - 30, low - 15 cm.
Tsaba na asters za a iya dasa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa da zaran ƙasa thaws. A lokaci guda, tsire-tsire sun fi taurare, ƙasa da mai saukin kamuwa da cuta, amma daga baya Bloom.
Asters suna jurewa dasa lokacin furanni. Bayan farko na sanyi, zaku iya tono shuka tare da dunƙule na duniya, dasa shi a cikin tukunya ku sanya shi a kan taga - ƙyallen zai ci gaba da yin fure.
Cutar
Fusarium Fusarium wilting, ko fusarium aster, cuta ce ta kanjamau wanda ɗaya daga cikin namomin kwayar halittar Fusarium ke haifar dashi. Cutar yawanci tana bayyana kanta a cikin tsire-tsire na girma, a cikin lokaci na budding da farkon fure. Ba a ƙirƙira matakan tsinkaye don magance cutar ba. Koyaya, akwai matakan kariya na iya rage aukuwar lamarin. Yana da matukar muhimmanci ga asirin don ƙirƙirar jujjuyawar amfanin gona a wurin, da juyar da amfanin gona akan manyan yankuna. Astra ya kamata ya canza tare da wasu tsire-tsire na fure da kayan lambu don ya koma wurin da ya fara ba kafin 5, musamman 6 shekaru.
A shafin da aka shirya don dasa shuki asters, bai kamata mutum ya kawo taki da takin sabo ba, sai dai humus da takin zamani da-rotted. Dukkanin hanyoyin da ke haɓaka juriya a cikin tsire-tsire suna ƙaruwa da juriya ga kamuwa da cuta ta Fusarium, wato: yin shuka iri-iri tare da hanyoyin magance microelement, haɓaka lafiya, seedlingsanyun seedlings mai ƙarfi, kayan miya na sama tare da takin na macro da takin mai magani. Kada a dasa tsire-tsire da densely, yana da buƙatar cewa hanyoyin su ke da iska da kyau kuma ruwa baya tsayawa a wuyan tushen. Ya kamata a cire tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da Fusarium da wuri-wuri daga shafin ko daga gonar fure. Bai kamata a taɓa binne su a ƙasa ko takin ƙasa ba. Tabbas suna buƙatar ƙona su. Kuma hakika, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi nau'ikan da zasu iya jurewa zuwa Fusarium don dasawa. Kuma akwai da yawa irin wannan iri.
A cikin bazara, ban da Fusarium, aster na iya shafar asarar launin toka, verticillosis, mildew powdery. A cikin yaƙar waɗannan cututtukan, magani na lokaci-lokaci tare da shirye-shirye kamar fundazole yana taimakawa.
Lokaci-lokaci, cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri suna bayyana a kan asirin - jaundice da mosaic kokwamba. Don hana waɗannan cututtukan, yana da mahimmanci don magance yanayin lokaci-lokaci aphids. Wannan shi ne babban daskararrun cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri. Ana cire tsire-tsire masu ƙwayar cuta kuma an ƙone su da sauri. Bai kamata a binne su ko takin ba.
Karin kwari
Kodan aphid. Yana lalata ƙananan tsire-tsire har ma a cikin seedlings, lokacin da tsire-tsire suna da ganye na 3-4 kawai. Kodan aphids na haifar da lalata ganye a saman tsirrai. Ganyen suna wrinkled.
Matakan sarrafawa: Ana amfani da fesawa tare da chlorophos, karbofos, depis ko Inta-Vir. Ya kamata a yi yadu da wuri lokacin da tsire-tsire basu da ganye huɗu na gaskiya.
Baya ga aphids, asters na iya lalacewa ta hanyar taba sigari, tsinkar pennies, kwari. A kudanci kasar, lalacewa yake da mashigar rana. Don magance su, yi amfani da magunguna waɗanda aka yarda da kasuwanci.
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Dabbobi
A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan asters sama da 600. Sun bambanta da tsayi, lokacin fure, dalilin namo da tsarin fure.
Dangane da lokacin fure, sun kasu kashi uku:
- Wadanda suka fara. Wannan lokacin daga farawa zuwa farkon fure shine kwana 83-115. Bloom daga farkon Yuli zuwa Satumba.
- Matsakaici. Kwana 116-122. Bloom daga marigayi Yuli zuwa farkon watan Agusta zuwa Satumba. Yawancin nau'ikan suna cikin wannan rukunin.
- Late. 123-131 kwana. Bloom daga tsakiyar marigayi Agusta zuwa marigayi kaka.
Tsarin ya kasu kashi 5:
- dwarf. Har zuwa 25 cm.
- rashin hankali. Har zuwa 35 cm.
- matsakaici-sized. Har zuwa 60 cm
- tsayi. Har zuwa 80 cm.
- ban dariya. Sama da 80 cm.
Ta hanyar amfani, sun kasu kashi uku:
- Yankan. Tall, tare da manyan terlo inflorescences da dogon peduncles.
- Kama. ,Arancin, m, ya dace da gadaje na fure, kuma don girma a cikin tukwane akan taga, greenhouses.
- Duk duniya. Matsakaici sized m shuke-shuke tare da dogon peduncles da manyan inflorescences. Yi amfani da yankan kuma a cikin gadaje na fure.
Dangane da tsarin inflorescences an kasu kashi uku:
- Mai Tubular. Inflorescences ya ƙunshi furanni tubular kawai, gajere ko tsayi tare da launi daban-daban ko ɗaya.
- Canji. Inflorescences ya kunshi fure da tubular furanni. Furanni Reed suna cikin layuka 1-2, tubular ya cika tsakiya, yana yin fure.
- Reeda. Duk furanni a cikin inflorescence ne Reed ko tubular da Reed, amma itace cikakken rufe tubular. Daga cikin reeda, nau'ikan guda shida an rarrabe su: tayal-dimbin yawa, mai fasali, chrysanthemum-dimbin yawa, mai fasalin-allura, mai walƙiya, mai sihiri.
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Tun daga ƙuruciya, Na tuna yadda nake alfahari da zuwa makaranta a ranar 1 ga Satumba tare da tarin kyawawan taurari! Tabbas - waɗannan furannin furanni alama ce ta kaka!
