Da yawa daga cikin lambu fi son perennial ornamental shuke-shuke. Waɗannan sun haɗa dahlias. Waɗannan furanni masu ban al'ajabi suna mamakin da launuka masu haske da dogon furanni. Ya danganta da iri-iri, furannin Dahlia na iya samun nau'i, girma, da tsayi daban.
Suna Bloom a ƙarshen Agusta kuma ci gaba da farantawa ido har zuwa watan Oktoba, idan babu frosts. Mutane da yawa masoya Dahlia za su yi sha'awar sanin lokacin da kuma yadda za a dasa su a cikin bazara. Zamuyi magana game da wasu fasalolin dasa shuki da ajiya na dahlias a cikin labarin mu.
Furannin furanni
Dahlias sune tsire-tsire masu zafin rana masu zafi. Suna da sauƙin kiyayewa, amma matsalar kawai ita ce shuka su a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa da adanar tubers. Siffofin al'adun gargajiya na Dahlia, akwai nau'ikan sama da 12,000 iri, dukda cewa babu wasu nau'ikan fiye da 15. Dahlias suna da tushen tsiro waɗanda suke rayuwa tsawon shekaru 3-4. A cikin aiwatar da haɓaka, suna ƙirƙirar sabon Tushen bakin ciki. Ana iya rarrabe tubers a hankali, sannan a shirye don kara dasawa.
Tunda furanni sune nau'in thermophilic, bazasu iya saba da yanayin yanayinmu ba a cikin hunturu. Suna buƙatar zafi, don haka riga a cikin watan Satumba kafin farkon sanyi, ya kamata a haƙa digo su kuma adana har zuwa shekara mai zuwa.
Tunda furanni sune nau'in thermophilic, bazasu iya saba da yanayin yanayinmu ba a cikin hunturu. Suna buƙatar zafi, don haka riga a cikin watan Satumba kafin farkon sanyi, ya kamata a haƙa digo su kuma adana har zuwa shekara mai zuwa.Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan iri daban-daban da nau'ikan dahlias akwai wadatar dabbobi da yawa. Dankin yana da madaidaiciya m da mai tushe mai yawa, tare da tsayi daga 30 zuwa 190 cm. Taro mai lalacewa yana iya zama kore, launin ruwan kasa. A ƙarshen kara shine inflorescences a cikin nau'i na kwando tare da diamita na 3-30 cm Yawancin nau'ikan yana ba ka damar zaɓar lokacin furanni mafi dacewa:
- farkon dahlias (farkon Mayu);
- matsakaici (daga rabin rabin Yuni);
- marigayi (daga ƙarshen watan Agusta).
Don haɓakar nasara, suna buƙatar ƙirƙirar wasu yanayi sannan kuma za su faranta wa wasu rai da launuka masu haske da ɗaukar hoto.
Ana shirya tubers don shuka
Tuni a watan Afrilu, an fara aikin shirye-shiryen fara dasa shuki Dahlia a fili. A cikin shiri ya dogara da yanayin yanayi. A wasu yankuna, ana fara dafa tubers a watan Mayu kawai. Dahlias irin ta hanyoyi da yawa:
- yanke;
- tsaba;
- tubers.
Mafi sau da yawa, lambu suna amfani da na ƙarshe na hanyoyin haifuwa. Don germinate mai kyau dasa kayan Dole ne a kawo tubers a cikin dakin dumi. Shirya su a kan shiryayye kuma yayyafa tare da cakuda peat da yashi, barin tushen wuyan buɗe. Tare da danshi mai kyau, idanun sun cika makwanni biyu.
Bayan wannan, dole ne a rarraba tubers tare da wuka mai kaifi a cikin sassa da yawa, barin idanu 2-3 akan kowane bangare. Idan tuber yana da tsari mai tsawo, yakamata a gajarta shi saboda ya ɗauki tushe da wuri-wuri kuma sabbin tubers sun fara bayyana a cikin tsarin girma. Dole ne a bushe da bushewa kamar wata kwana da yafa masa itace ash. Bayan wannan, ana shuka ƙwayar a cikin tukwane ko crates a cikin ɗaki mai cike da dumi. A sashi na biyu, an raba tumatir da rabe-raben abubuwa har sai da tushensu su yi ma'amala da juna.
Yayinda harbe-harbe ke girma, ana cire kodan mai rauni, ba a wuce 1-2 daga cikin mafi ƙarfi da suka rage. Wannan zai ba su damar haɓaka aiki da ƙwazo, harbe suna da abinci mai kyau. A nan gaba, daji zai ba da ƙarin inflorescences, kuma tubers zai kasance da ƙarfi kuma zai iya yin hunturu da kyau.
Yadda za a dasa tubers a cikin ƙasa?
Matsayi mafi nasara don dasa shuki Dahlia yanki ne mai rana da kuma shinge daga iska mai ƙarfi. Domin tubers na furanni kada su mutu, ya kamata a dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai ɗumi, lokacin da babu yuwuwar lokacin sanyi. Zai fi kyau dasa su a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Shouldasa ta zama sako-sako, ɗan acidic ko tsaka tsaki, tare da kyakkyawan malalewa. Kafin dasawa akan rukunin yanar gizo, takin da ba a yanke shi ba, an gabatar da ash ash. A bu mai kyau zuwa takin wurin saukowa da takin ko humus a bazara. Don hana kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cututtuka, ya fi kyau shuka dahlias a cikin sabon wuri kowace shekara. Ba za ku iya dasa dahlias ba a yankin da asters suka girma kafin wannan.
Bayan shirya shafin, kuna buƙatar tono ramuka a ƙarƙashin tubers. Ya kamata su fi shimfiɗa fili da kayan shuka. Suna dauke da taki ko takin da aka lalace, kuma a saman wani karamin yanki ne. Bayan haka ana dage farawa a cikin ramuka kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai kwance tare da Layer na 3-4 cm. Don tsayi dahlias mai tsayi, ana buƙatar tallafi. Rigar ƙasa bayan dasa shuki tubers ba za a iya shayar nan da nan. Idan farkon ganye sun riga sun bayyana akan dahlias, to, ramin ya ɗan ɗanɗana da ruwa. Bayan dasa, yana da kyau a ciyawa kasar gona. Don wannan amfani:
- sawdust;
- karamin bishiyar itace.
Suna buƙatar haɗuwa da takin ko peat kuma yayyafa shi tare da saman duniya. Don kare kan sanyi, zaku iya rufe dahlias tare da mai hita.
Karin cigaba
Dahlias unpreentious furanni a barin. Don haɓaka al'ada, suna buƙatar sharar lokaci, cire ciyawa da kwance ƙasa. Hakanan kuna buƙatar tsunkule da datsa mai tushe. Furanni suna buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun, ya fi kyau a yi wannan sau biyu a mako. Rashin danshi zai barnatar da cigaban dahlias.
Furanni suna buƙatar abinci mai kyau, yakamata su kasance aƙalla 2 a kowace kakar:
- a cikin lokaci na buding - a cikin abun da ke ciki na nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium 2; 1; 1;
- a farkon fure - potassium da phosphorus 1: 1.
Kawai nau'in Dahlia masu tsayi sune matakan, suna cire gefen gefen har zuwa ganye na 4 daga ƙasa. Tuni a cikin rabin na biyu na bazara, an cire ƙananan harbe. Babban kara yana kumburi zuwa tsayin 10-15 cm. Idan kuna yin fureonovki furanni a dahlia zasu zama mafi girma. Budsarin furanni ba zai ba kowa izinin haɓaka al'ada ba, za su zama na bakin ciki ba kuma ba kyau sosai. Lokacin da nau'ikan tsayi suka kai 50 cm, an ɗaure mai tushe don tallafawa.
Tuber ajiya
Tare da farawa na farkon frosts, an yanke ciyawar Dahlia, yana barin har zuwa 10 cm, kuma an dasa tushen sama. Dole ne a tsabtace su daga sauran abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa kuma a bushe su da kyau. Sa'an nan kuma adana shi a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin wani wuri mai dumi da ke cike da iska. Bayan haka kara yana gajarta zuwa 4 cm kuma an yanke duk tushen. Yanki a kan tushen ya kamata a yayyafa shi tare da lemun tsami slaked. A wannan fom, dole ne a adana su don wani sati a zazzabi na 19-25game daC. Duk tsawon lokacin hunturu, ana adana tubers a cikin ɗakin kwanciyar hankali; kuma wasu shinge sun sami damar kiyaye tubers a cikin ɗakin.
Idan gumi dakin ya kasance 70%, ya fi kyau a adana Tushen tushen a sawdust, yashi ko peat. Lokacin da aka ajiye shi a cikin wani ɗaki, ana sanya tubers a cikin jaka na filastik tare da vermiculite, peat ko perlite. An cakuɗe su kuma a rufe su a cikin jaka. Saboda haka, ana iya ajiye su a cikin akwati da aka rufe da murfin ƙasa da takarda.
Idan an adana shi cikin cellar ko ginin ƙasa, zazzabi a wurin kada ya fi +7game daC. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan lemar suna yayyafa shi da ɗanɗano, saboda haka ana adana su duk lokacin hunturu. Tushen ana duba lokaci-lokaci kuma ana cire sassan da ke ruɓa.. Tare da ingantaccen ajiya, a cikin bazara za'a iya shuka su kuma dasa su a cikin fure.
