Itace albasa kamar krinum (Crinum) dangin Amaryllidaceae ne. A yanayi, ana iya haɗuwa da shi a wurare masu zurfi da wurare masu zafi. Kuma ya gwammace ya shuka irin wannan fure a bakin tekun, a rafin koguna, da kuma a wuraren da ambaliyar ta lokaci-lokaci. Ana iya samun nau'ikan da yawa a cikin lardin Cape na ƙasar Afirka ta kudu.
Daga Latin, an fassara "crinis" a matsayin "gashi." Sunan irin wannan shuka yana da alaƙa da bayyanar ganye. Dogon tsayi, xiphoid ko layi-layi, drooping, hakika yana kama da gashi. Samun doguwar wuya, albasa babba ta kai daga 60 zuwa 90 santimita a tsayi, kuma kimanin santimita 25 a diamita. Ganyen kuma tsawonsu yayi yawa kuma yana girma zuwa santimita 150. Yaran ganye basu da sihiri, kamar sauran amaryllis, amma ana haɗa su cikin bututu. Wannan shine alamar su. Furen furanni yana ɗaukar inflorescence a cikin siffar laima wanda yadudduka ruwan hoda ko fararen furanni. 'Ya'yan itace kwali ne mai ɗauke da tsaba da kuma falle. A cikin llsawun su akwai wadatar ruwa, wanda ya isa ya haɓaka da kuma bayyanar kwan fitila na sabon fure, alhali ba a bukatar ruwa daga waje.
Irin wannan shuka ya sami aikace-aikacensa a cikin ado ɗakuna masu kyau, babban dakunan zama, cinemas, wuraren shakatawa, lobbies, da kuma ɗakin kide kide. Ana iya girma a cikin wani gida mai fili, kuma zai yi girma da kyau a cikin ɗakunan sanyi. Haka kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan da ke girma a cikin ruwa.
Kulawar Krinum a gida
Haske
Yana buƙatar haske mai haske, babu buƙatar inuwa. Tare da ƙarin zafin haske, haɓaka yana haɓaka. A ƙarshen lokacin hunturu, furen ya saba da haske mai haske a hankali, kamar yadda ƙonewa zai iya bayyana. An ba da shawarar sanya shi a kan taga gefen kudu, yayin da ganye bai kamata ya taɓa gilashin taga ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da ƙonewa.
A lokacin rani, in ya yiwu, kai tsire a waje, dole ne a kiyaye wurin daga ruwan sama mai nauyi. Lokacin da girma cikin ɗaki a lokacin rani, za a buƙaci iska mai iska akai-akai. A cikin kaka da hunturu, kuna buƙatar kyakkyawan haske da iska ta yau da kullun. Tare da rashin haske mara kyau, ganyayyaki da ke ƙasa, da sauri suna bushewa, amma har yanzu yaran sun girma. Ana iya haɓakawa a ƙarƙashin hasken wutan lantarki, yayin da hasken rana yake awowi 16.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun kasu kashi biyu:
- Afirka ta Kudu, ɗan asalin kasa mai bushewa ne (Afirka ta Kudu). Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi. A lokacin rani, zaku iya kiyaye shi a cikin iska mai kyau, yayin da a cikin yankuna mara iyaka zasu iya zama a waje don hunturu, amma ana buƙatar tsari mai haske. A cikin bazara da bazara, kuna buƙatar zazzabi na 22 zuwa 27 digiri. A cikin hunturu, suna jin al'ada a digiri 2-6.
- Asalinsu daga yankuna masu zafi. Girma a cikin ruwan sanyi. A lokacin rani zaku iya matsar da shi zuwa titi, amma a lokaci guda ya kamata a kiyaye wurin daga tsananin iska. A cikin bazara da bazara, tana buƙatar zazzabi na 22 zuwa 27. A cikin hunturu, ana ganin lokacin hutawa. A wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar sanyin sanyi daga digiri 16 zuwa 18 (aƙalla digiri 14).
Haushi
Danshi ya dace da kowane. Don dalilai na tsabta, shafa ganye a kai a kai tare da soso mai laushi.
Yadda ake ruwa
A lokacin haɓaka aiki, ruwa yana da yawa kuma ana amfani da ruwan dumi. Wajibi ne a sha ruwa da zaran kayan abinci masu narkewa su bushe. Lokacin da furanni ya ƙare, shayarwa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa, amma ƙasa ya kamata koyaushe ya kasance mai danshi. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin dormant, watering ya kamata rare, da furen kanta ya kamata a sake shirya shi a cikin wani daki mai sanyi. Kada a bada izinin ƙasa ta bushe, saboda albasa yana da tsarin tushen abin ƙyallin da yake so, wanda yake yin aikin sa ba tare da la'akari da yanayin ba.
Idan kuna son fure ta faru a cikin hunturu, dole ne a matsar da lokacin lalacewa zuwa ƙarshen bazara da farkon lokacin kaka, yayin da rage ruwa. Lokacin da kibiya furen ta fara girma, ya zama dole a sake fara shayarwa ta al'ada. Don motsa furanni, kada a shayar da fure tsawon kwanaki 7-14.
Manyan miya
Ana ciyar da ciyar da abinci sau 2 a wata. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin gargajiya don ciyawar furanni na cikin gida, yayin sashi da aka yi amfani dashi shine wanda aka bada shawara akan kunshin. Sun fara ciyar da lokacin da ƙananan yara suka bayyana, sannan kuma su daina lokacin da furanni suka bushe.
Lokacin hutawa
Lokacin dormant yana farawa bayan fure. Daɗaɗa tsohuwar ganye a hankali ta bushe a wannan lokacin, kuma ana maye gurbinsa da sabon. Krinum yana buƙatar hutawa mai zurfi, amma idan babu shi, to fure bazai zo shekara mai zuwa ba. A cikin bazara, wani lokacin maimaita fure yakan faru, yayin da a cikin jinsunan Krinum Moore abu ne mai sauki a cimma.
Cakuda ƙasa
Don shirya cakuda ƙasa, hada takardar da yumɓu-turf ƙasa, peat, humus, da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 1: 1: 1. An ba da shawarar a zuba ɗan ƙaramin gawayi a cikin ruwan ɗin.
Siffofin Juyawa
Ana aiwatar da aikin dasawa kafin farkon lokacin girman ci gaba. An dasa samfuran manya a cikin kowace shekara sau 2-4. Lokacin dasa shuki, kwan fitila ya kamata ya tashi kashi ɗaya bisa uku sama da ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar dasa a cikin kwantena masu girma da zurfi, tunda wannan shuka yana da tsarin tushen tushe mai ƙarfi. A hankali cire tsohon ƙasa tare da asalinsu lalace. A kasan, sanya kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa na yumbu da aka fadada.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Kuna iya yaduwar kwararan fitila ko tsaba.
Kada ku rush don raba kwararan fitila matasa, saboda godiya a gare su, fure zai zama yalwatacce. Furen da aka raba shi yana faruwa ne bayan shekaru 2-4 (ya danganta da girmansa). Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da akwati tare da diamita na 9 zuwa 12 santimita. Bayan watanni 12, ya zama dole don dasawa cikin tukwane mafi girma, kuma bayan wannan adadin lokaci - a cikin kwantena tare da diamita na 15 zuwa 17 santimita. Yayin haɓaka, samfuran matasa suna buƙatar ƙarin miya da ruwa. A cikin manyan kwantena (19-24-28 santimita), irin wannan shuka yana da shekaru 3 zuwa 4, yayin da yake da tarin kwararan fitila, kuma ana lura da furanni masu yawa don shekaru 3-4.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
A mealybug iya warware a cikin ganye sinuses. Spider mite kuma na iya haifar da lahani ga krinum. Lokacin da ambaliyar ruwa lokacin dormancy, saiwoyin tushe suka bayyana.
Babban nau'ikan
Krinum abisinia (Crinum abyssinicum)
Tare da ɗan gajeren wuya, kwan fitila yana da siffar elongated mai kauri, kaurinsa shine santimita 7. 6 ganyen sifar sihiri a hankali ya zama gwaggwon biri. Irin waɗannan ganye tare da gefen m a tsawon zai iya isa daga santimita 30 zuwa 45, kuma a faɗi - 1.5 santimita. Furen tsawonsa shine 30-40 santimita, yayin da yake ɗaukar inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima, wanda akwai daga furanni 4 zuwa 6. Furen furanni fari yana da gajerun furuci. Wani bututu na bakin ciki ya kai tsawon santimita 5. Kayan dabbobin da suke da elongated suna da fadi da santimita 2 da tsayin 7 cm. Kasa shine tsaunuka a Habasha.
Krinum asiaticus (Crinum asiaticum)
Girman kwan fitila shine santimita 10-15, kuma tsawon wuyansa zai iya bambanta daga 15 zuwa 35 santimita. Akwai ganye daga bakin 20 zuwa 30 na dunƙule-nau'i mai siffar ɗamara mai faɗi, tsawonsa shine 90-125 santimita, kuma faɗin nisa daga 7 zuwa 10 santimita. Wani inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima yana ɗaukar furanni mara nauyi 20 zuwa 50 waɗanda ke zaune akan kafa uku santimita. Faifan madaidaiciya bututun ƙarfe 10 cm tsayi yana da launi mai haske na kore a farfajiya. Tsawon fararen fararen fata shine 5-10 santimita, m stamens diverge ta fuskoki daban-daban. Yawo yana wucewa daga Maris zuwa Oktoba. Gida na tsaye reshen Yammacin Tropical Africa.
Babban Krinum (Crinum giganteum)
Samun ɗan gajeren wuya na kwan fitila yana da yawa babba. Don haka, girmanta yakai santimita 10-15. Veins sun bayyana ne a kan ganyen ganye mai ruwan wuta. Tsawon ganye shine santimita 60-90, kuma faɗin faɗin santimita 10 ne. Tsawon tsayin daka mai karfi ya tashi ne daga santimita 50 zuwa 100. Yana ɗaukar inflorescence na laima, wanda ya ƙunshi, a matsayin mai mulkin, na furanni 4-6, amma kuma yana ɗaukar furanni 3-12. Tsawon m furanni zaune ne 20 santimita. Faifan bututu, mai elongated, bututun kore mai haske yana da tsawon santimita 10 zuwa 15, yayin da pharynx a ciki yana da silar kararrawa da tsawon 7-10 santimita. Girman fararen faranti shine 3 santimita, kuma tsawon shine santimita 5-7, yayin da adon launuka iri ɗaya suke da gajeru. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana lura da furanni a lokacin rani.
Babban Krinum (Crinum augustum)
Girman kwan fitila shine santimita 15, kuma tsawon wuyanta santimita 35 ne. Akwai litattafai masu yawa masu yawa game da nau'in bel, tsawonsa wanda ya kasance daga 60 zuwa 90 santimita, kuma nisa daga 7 zuwa 10 santimita. Upperangare na sama na ƙwararren shinge mai fenti wanda aka fentin duhu ja. Inflorescence yana da siffar laima kuma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, yana ɗaukar furanni sama da 20 masu jin daɗi waɗanda ke zama akan gajerun furenni. Faifan murfin mai launin ja yana mai dan ƙara haske ko madaidaiciya tsawonsa ya kai santimita 7-10. Fitowa daga waje na furannin lanceolate petals yana da launin ja mai zurfi. Tsawon su shine santimita 10-15, kuma faɗin su ya kai daga santimita 1.5 zuwa 2. Extam stamens ana fentin ja. Ana lura da ruwa a cikin bazara da bazara. Theasar mahaifar ita ce dutse mai dutse na Seychelles da tsibirin Mauritius. Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
Krinum virgineum ko viricum
Yana da babban albasa mai launin ruwan kasa. Takaddun sheƙun-siriri mai walƙiya na biyun biyun da gindi; Girman ganyen shine santimita 7-10, tsayin su kuma daga santimita 60 zuwa 90. Fuskar tana dauke da inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 6, waɗanda ke daɗaɗɗe ko kuma suna da gajerun furuci. Tsawon bututun mai haske kore mai tsinkaye daga 7 zuwa 10 santimita. A wannan yanayin, fararen fata suna da tsayin tsayi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana lura da fure a cikin kaka. Asalinsu daga kudancin Brazil. Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
Krinum kararrawa (Crinum campanulatum)
Onionan ƙaramin albasa yana da siffar oval. Grooved, ganye na layi tare da kaifi mai tsayi a tsawon tsayi ya kai santimita 90-120. Wani matsakaiciyar tsaka-tsakin kore tana ɗaukar inflorescence mai laushi, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 4-8, wanda ke kan gajerun furenni tare da tsawon santimita 2. Faifan bututun da ke cikin elongated, sinuous, sililin siliki ya kai tsawon tsawon santimita 4-6, sannan kuma akwai kararrawa mai nau'in kararrawa. A saman jajayen itace akwai launin rawaya mai launin kore. Petals suna da kusanci da juna. A gindi suna da fari tare da ratsin launin shuɗi, sannan launi ta zama ruwan hoda-kore-ja. Ana lura da yawo a cikin bazara. Asalinsa ya fito ne daga Cape a Afirka ta Kudu, inda ya fi son girma a cikin tafkuna.
Krinum dadi (Crinum amabile)
Wani kataccen kwan fitila yana da wuya tare da tsawon 20 zuwa 35 santimita. 25-30 duka-ganyen takarda mai ɗamara na bel suna da tsawon santimita 100-150, kuma faɗin santimita 7-10. Inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima ya ƙunshi furanni 20-30, suna zaune a kan shinge, tsawonsu shine santimita 2-3. M furanni masu launin fure mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Tsawon duhun madaidaiciya madaidaiciya bututu daga 8 zuwa 10 santimita. A cikin ƙananan filayen layi, ɓangaren ciki yana da fari, tsawon su shine santimita 10-15, kuma girman su shine santimita 1-1.5. Iyali masu launi suna da launin shuɗi. An lura da yawo a cikin hunturu, amma mafi yawan duka a watan Maris. Ana iya maimaita fure. Kuna iya haɗuwa a cikin gandun daji na gargajiya, da kuma a cikin tsaunukan tsibirin Sumatra.
Krinum m (Crinum erubescens Aiton)
Kwan fitila mai launin oval yana da faɗin har zuwa santimita 10. Littattafai masu launin bel da yawa sun kai daga 60 zuwa 90 santimita a tsayi, kuma daga 5 zuwa 8 santimita na fadi. A gefuna da underside na ganye ne dan kadan m. Peduncle yana da tsayi (daga 60 zuwa 90 santimita). Yana ɗaukar manyan furanni 4-6 masu ƙanshi, wanda zai iya zama duka biyu kuma yana da ɗan gajeru. Sashin waje na fure mai launin shuɗi ne, ciki kuma yana da fari. A madaidaiciyar haske murfin bututun ƙarfe ya kai tsawon santimita 10-15. Lanceolate petals, juyawa shugabanci. Ana lura da yawo a cikin bazara. Asalinsu daga Amurka ne mai tsananin zafi.
Krinum makiyaya (Crinum prakt)
Kwan fitila mai launin kwai yana da ɗan gajeren wuyansa kuma ya kai diamita na 10 zuwa 15 santimita. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, akwai nau'ikan layi na 6-8 na ganye wanda ya kai santimita 45-65 a tsayi. Tsawon farfajiyar ya zama santimita 30, fadilarsa 1.5cm. Anarfin laima mai ɗaukar hoto yana ɗaukar daga 6 zuwa 12 farin sessile ko gajeriyar furen fure, wanda ya kai santimita 7-10 a tsayi. Faɗin ƙananan ƙananan lanceolate petals shine 1.5 santimita, kuma tsawon su daidai yake da na bututu. Redam masu ja suna da sifa na faɗaɗa. Ana lura da yawo a cikin bazara. Asali daga Gabashin India.
Albasa iri crinum (Crinum bulbispermum) ko Cape krinum (Babban crinum)
Kwan fitila tana da sifar kwalban, alhali tana da kunkuntar da dogon wuya. Takaddun takarda mai launin kore-launin toka mai tsayi, tsage-tsalle na ganye ya kai tsawon santimita 60-90. Ana karkatar da su zuwa sama, kuma gefensu mai kauri ne. Kusan tsayinta mai tsayin daka tsayin daka na iya kaiwa sama da santimita 40, kuma yana ɗaukar furanni 4 zuwa 12. Manyan furanni masu kamshi masu launin suna da fararen launi (wani lokacin tare da launin shuɗi). Suna zaune akan shinge, tsawon sa yana daga 3 zuwa 5 santimita. Tsawon bututun siliki na dan kadan mai tsinkaye ya kai daga santimita 7 zuwa 10, yayin da suke da wutsiyar wutsiya mai kauri. Fentin furen na waje na 3 ana zana shi da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi (wani lokacin fari). Tsawon su shine santimita 7-10. Ana lura da yawo a cikin Yuli da Agusta. Asalinsa daga Afirka ta Kudu, inda ya fi son girma a wurare masu inuwa tare da yashi mai yashi. Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
Krinum Macowanii (Crinum macowanii)
Babban kwan fitila a diamita ya kai santimita 25, tsawon wuyanta shima santimita 25 ne. Girman ganyen shine santimita 10, kuma tsayin su yakai daga 60 zuwa 90 santimita. Tsarin Peduncle tsawo 60-90 santimita. Yana ɗaukar inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 10-15. Tsawon bututun mai tsinkaye na fure kore shine santimita 8-10. Tsarin furanni ruwan hoda a tsawonsa ya kai daga santimita 8 zuwa 10. Flowering - a ƙarshen kaka. Landasar Gida - tsaunin dutse mai dutse a Natal (Afirka ta Kudu). Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
Crinum moorei
Babban albasa yana da inci kusan 20 santimita, kuma wuyansa a tsawon sa zai iya kai santimita 45. Yawancin yara na iya kafa tsari. Akwai vyan fara daga 12 zuwa 15, takaddun ganye mai kama da bel, tsawonsu shine 60-90 santimita, kuma nisa daga 6 zuwa 10 santimita. A farfajiyar su akwai lamuran da ba a rufe ba, gefansu kuma farare fat mara laushi. Tsawon tsinkayen kore mai karfi ne daga 45 zuwa 60 santimita. Yana ɗaukar inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 6-10. Furen furanni masu ruwan hoda suna da tsini kimanin santimita takwas. Tsawon bututun mai yatsu ya kasance daga 7 zuwa 12 santimita, kuma yana da farar-fatar fatar dutsen. Girman ƙananan furanni shine 4 santimita, kuma tsayinsa ya kasance daga 7 zuwa 12 santimita. Haske mai ruwan hoda haske ba yashawa ba. Kwaro ya zayyana a saman ciyawar. Ana lura da yawo a lokacin bazara. Ya fi shahara tare da lambu. Ana samo shi cikin yanayi a cikin tsaunin dutse mai danshi a Natal (Afirka ta Kudu). Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
Krinum Foda (Crinum x powellii)
Wannan matasan ana samunsu ta hanyar haye Krinum Moore da Krinum bulbous. Bulwallan kwandon mahaifa yana da diamita na 15 santimita. Tsawon takaddun-kamar ganye mai haske yakai santimita ɗari. Furen furanni mara ganye mara tsayi na tsawon mita yana ɗaukar inflorescence a cikin siffar laima, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni masu ƙanshi tare da diamita na 15 santimita.Perianth launi mai zurfi ruwan hoda.
Krinum mai ɗaukar furanni (Crinum pedunculatum)
Kauri daga kwan fitila shine santimita 10, kuma tsawon wuyanta santimita 15 ne. Akwai ganye daga 20 zuwa 30, tsawonsu shine santimita 90-120. Ana tattara furanni a cikin inflorescences, suna da siffar laima, guda 20-30 kowane. Furannin furanni masu launin fure mai launin shuɗi suna da fitila 2.5-4 santimita tsayi. Jirgin ruwa mai tsayi ya fi tsayi, shine akwai faɗan daskararru masu launin ja. Ana lura da yawo a cikin bazara. Asali daga Gabashin Australia. Girma a cikin sanyi greenhouses.
Crinum Karai (Crinum zeylanicum)
Diamita na albasa mai zagaye daga 12 zuwa 15 santimita, akwai ɗan gajeren wuya. Akwai litattafai masu bakin ciki 6-6 kamar bakin ciki wanda ya kai fadin 7-10 santimita, kuma a cikin tsayi - daga 60 zuwa 90 santimita. A gefuna ne dan kadan m. Tsawon tsinkayen mai launin shunayya shine 90 santimita; yana ɗaukar inflorescence na laima tare da furanni 10-20 waɗanda ke da gajerun furucin. Tsawon bututun kore mai launin shuɗi ko ja yana canzawa daga 7 zuwa 15 santimita kuma yana da pharynx wanda aka sanya shi kwance. Girman lanceolate-elongated petals shine santimita 3 kuma sashinsu na sama yana fadadawa ne. Suna da launin shuɗi mai duhu, mai haske mai kyau, kuma a waje akwai ratsi. Stamens ya fi guntu fiye da pistil. An lura da yawo a cikin bazara. Asalinsu daga yankin Asiya ne mai tsananin zafi. Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
M Krinum (Crinum scabrum)
Diamita na kwan fitila mai zagaye shine 10-15 santimita, wuyansa gajere. Dense, wavy, groove, ganye mai sheki mai launin bel da launin kore a launi. Suna da kaifi mai kaifi, tsawonsu kuma santimita 60 - 90, kuma faɗin faɗin santimita 5 ne. Pedarfin ƙaƙƙarfan faƙo yana ɗaukar inflorescence na laima tare da furanni 4-8 masu ƙanshi waɗanda zasu iya zama dessile ko kuma suna da gajeren zango. Tsawon murhun katako mai launin kore wanda yake fitowa daga 8 zuwa 15 santimita. Diamita na fatalwa shine 6-8 santimita. Nisa daga abubuwan fure ya bambanta daga santimita 2.5 zuwa 3.5. Sashinsu na fari fari ne, kuma a tsakiya akwai yadudduka launin shuɗi mai haske. Ana lura da yawo a cikin watan Mayu da Yuni. Asalinsu daga Afirka ne mai zafi. Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
Crinum murfin crinum
Girman katako mai zagaye ya kasance daga 15 zuwa 20 santimita, akwai gajeren wuya. Yawancin ganye na bakin ciki mai kama da fenti-kore suna fenti kore. Tsawon su shine santimita 60-100, kuma faɗin su 7cm santimita ne. An inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima yana da furanni 10-20 a kan gajeren zanen gado. Tsawon tube mai tsinkayen kore shine 7 cm santimita. Pharynx na kwance kuma yana da tsayin guda ɗaya kamar bututu. Bottomarshen ƙasa na santimita sittin-centimita sittin na fure mai launin ja ne mai haske. Flowering - a watan Agusta da Satumba. Asali daga Gabashin India. Girma a cikin gidajen sanyi.
