Ba a banza ba ne cewa bromeliads suna jin daɗin sanannun masu haske a cikin gida masu ƙyalƙyali. Amma ko da a tsakanin wakilan wannan dangi babu wani tsiro da ya fi asali a tsarin alatu da zaɓuɓɓukan launi fiye da orthophytum mai mahimmanci. Mafi shahararrun waɗannan tsirrai masu tsada da kyawawan tsire-tsire, lokacin da aka ciyar dasu da kyau, suna kama da fure wanda aka yanke daga masana'anta, yayin da wakilan nortescript na orthophytum har ila yau suna tayar da ƙungiyoyi masu ban sha'awa da rayuwar ruwa. Duk da suna da ɗanɗano na shuka mai saukin gaske, orthophytum mai saurin yanayi ba mai wahala bane don yayi girma.
Orthophytum yana da cikakkiyar ma'ana a cikin namo.
Zebroid bromeliad orthophytum
Orthophytums sun yi nesa da sanannun bromeliads. Har yanzu basu zama ruwan dare tare da mu ba, kodayake salon yana canza wannan yanayin. Orthophytums sun sami suna saboda madaidaitan ganye da kuma yanayin girma - daga Girkanci "kai tsaye" (orto) da "shuka" (phyton).
Halin halittar orthophytum (Orthophytum) baya cikin mafi girma, amma tsire-tsire a ciki suna da bambancin mamaki. Daga cikin su, akwai mafi kyawun yanayi, suna kama da zane-zanen mutum-ɗan adam, amma akwai kuma nau'ikan jinsunan masu rikitarwa, da girma da lalacewa, da rashin tausayi.
A cikin yanayi, orthophytomas ana samun su ne kawai a Latin Amurka. Daidai ne an yi la'akari da matsayin Brazil a wurin haifuwa na waɗannan tsirrai, inda yawancin jinsuna suke wakiltarsu. A lokaci guda, orthophytomas ba ya yada ko'ina cikin yankin Amazon, amma galibi a kudu maso gabas.
Ganyen orthophytums sun fi kama da aloe, ko da yake shuka bai yi kama da m ba. Tare da nisa zuwa 2 cm, ana iya iyakance ganyayyaki zuwa tsawon duka 15 cm kuma shimfiɗa sama da rabin m. Su ne ko da yaushe kunkuntar triangular, lokacin farin ciki, m, flakes bayyana haske a kan farfajiya, kuma karfi elongated kaifi tukwane jituwa tare da mai lankwasa spikes a kan serrated, m gefen takardar faranti.
Launi yana kama da haske - daga haske mai haske zuwa launin toka-kore. Mafi yawancin orthophytums suna da alaƙa da canzawar launi. Hankalin sake canza launin ganyayyaki yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa tare da shekaru an rufe shuka da stains, yashwa mai launin shuɗi, ja, fure mai ruwan fure, koyaushe mafi tsananin ƙarfi a ƙarshen ganyayyaki.
Rohotes na Orthophytum yawanci sako-sako ne, sun kunshi ganye na 12-20, a yawancin jinsunan suna da tsayayye kuma mai ƙirar kawai a lokacin ƙuruciya.
Lokacin farin ciki, mai karfi, mai saurin girma na orthophytum koyaushe yana da ɗimbin ruwa da kuma ganye. Ana ɗaukar su da ƙananan kofe na ganye na talakawa a cikin Rosset. Daga cikin sinuses na babba na katako, wanda a wasu nau'ikan daidai suke da tsayi ko ma sunfi girman inflorescence, kunnuwa masu karamin karfi sun girma, wanda ya zama ya karu zuwa ga tarasi.
Bracts da sepals na orthophytum daidai suke da tsayi, za'a iya nuna shi ko kuma a zagaye shi. Furanni a cikin diamita ba su wuce 2 cm ba .. sepals ɗin kyauta yana jaddada kyawun lanceolate, mafi yawanci fari, petals.
Ganyen zebra-masu ban mamaki sune sifofin haɓakar orthophytum na gida guda.
Iri orthophytums don haɓaka cikin ɗakuna
A cikin ɗakunan akwai nau'ikan orthophytums huɗu kawai. Wasu tsire-tsire a yau suna zama na gaye kuma suna nunawa a kan shelves na manyan ɗakunan furanni sau da yawa, ana iya samun wasu a cikin kundin bayanan tarihin, kuma wasu kawai a nune-nune na musamman da kuma cikin lambunan Botanical. Amma sanannen orthophytums yana haɓaka, galibi saboda ɗayan yanayi marasa mahimmanci, ana tallata shi azaman kyautar asali.
Gurken Orthophytum (Orthophytum gurkenii), ba shakka, ya zama alama ta iri iri, ya jawo hankalin masu hankali ga sauran orthophytums. Wannan itace itace bromeliad mai cike da ban mamaki wacce ake kira da zebra, da taguwa, da baki da fari bromeliad.
Amma sanin shi abu ne mai sauqi. Flat, triangular, tare da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya mai kyau, ganyen wannan tsiren an yi shi da ado mai bambanci da launin toka-shuɗi-cream wanda ke nuna kyawun launin da launin toka mai duhu. Fari mai tsayi kawai yana jaddada tasirin zebra a cikin ganyayyaki. Mafi kayatarwa a cikin launi na motley na shuka shine kusan cikakkiyar sifa ta tube, daidai maimaita junan juna. Furen wannan orthophytum ya ba da mamaki tare da “talakawa”, koren launi mai ɗorewa. Kunnuwa na inflorescences, saboda girman girman takalmin katako, da kansu suna kama da kananan-safa.
Jirgin ruwa na Orthophytum ko scaphoid (Abubuwan motsa jiki na Orthophytum) - babu ƙarancin asali da ja, ganyen jini mai haifar da mayuka. Ganyen suna da tsayi da kauri, kusan kamar ruwa. An yi musu ado ne kawai tare da faffadar bakin rijiyoyin a gefuna. A bangon giya na asalin rosette, mafi yawan abin tunawa da daskararren ruwa, wani ɗan gajeren zango ya bayyana tare da inflorescence kusan kwance akan rosette tare da launuka masu haske na fure da fari fari.
Ganyen fure na Orthophytum (Foliosum na Orthophytum) - Kyakkyawan kamannin kallo wanda ke tunatar da ɗayan octopuses, sannan na kifin kifayen. Yana da girma babba, har zuwa rabin bromeliad mai ƙarfi tare da kara mai rauni. Ganyayyaki har zuwa 80 cm tsayi, iyakance ga 2 cm ne kawai, ana tattara su a cikin yaduwa, marasa daidaituwa da rosette, nau'i ne wanda yafi wahalar kimantawa da shekaru.
Ganyayyaki suna da fa'ida, tare da gurɓatacciyar magana, mai kauri, mai haske, tare da canza launi: mai launin shuɗi mai haske mai haske ya kasance a cikin tsakiyar rosettes kuma sannu a hankali ya juya zuwa launin ruwan-orange-launin ruwan kasa, wanda ke sa launin wannan orthophytum ya zama mai kama da ruwa kuma na musamman (kowace shuka a ya danganta da yanayin girma, yana da banbanci).
Wannan nau'in orthophytums wani lokaci yana jin daɗi tare da fure sau biyu a shekara. M densely pubescent peduncles da kananan triangular ganye mamaki tare da manyan, har zuwa 13 cm spikelets na inflorescences. Rarearancin da ba kasafai yake shiga cikin maɗaukakkiyar ƙasa ba. Furanni suna jan hankalin manyan gefuna tare da gefuna na kankara, waɗanda ke jaddada furanni masu matsakaici tare da lanceolate, kyauta, fararen fata.
Duthophytum dutse (Orthophytum saxicola) - mafi tsauri, amma har da ruwan launi. A tsayi har zuwa 13 cm, wannan orthophytum flaunts tare da lebur, sako-sako, amma tsari rosettes, wanda aka tattara har zuwa 20 kunkuntar-triangular, har zuwa 6 cm tsayi, serrated-farashi tare da gefen, lokacin farin ciki, kore kore ganye, kuma canza launi zuwa orange-launin ruwan kasa ya danganta da yanayin.
Short Shortun tare da babba ganye kusan daidai a tsawon zuwa spikelet na inflorescences kama m, amma ba ma mai haske. Lect-Lectures Lecture dimbin yawa ana jaddada su ta hanyar matsakaici, tare da daskararren furanni, furannin furanni masu fure-fure.
Gurken Orthophytum (Orthophytum gurkenii).
Jirgin ruwa na Orthophytum, ko kuma scaphoid (Orthophytum navioides).
Rock orthophytum (Orthophytum saxicola).
Yanayi don girma ortofitums na cikin gida
Kyakkyawan yanayin waje na siffofin zebra mai kama da launin orthophytums ko ruwa mai haske na sauran nau'ikan suna haifar da tunanin rare da wahalar shuka tsire-tsire. Amma orthophytums bai ba da hujja ga irin wannan suna ba. Ba sa buƙatar kowane yanayi na musamman, wanda ya dace da yanayin ɗakin. Abinda kawai za ku iya yin nadama shine asarar adorativeness tare da shekaru, lokacin da soket ɗin ya zama mara hankali. Amma shuka ba shi da lokacin bayyananne kuma yana yin ado duk shekara.
Orthophytums za a iya girma a matsayin talakawa da aka dasa furen ƙasa ko kuma a yi amfani da su cikin hadaddun abubuwa masu rikitarwa - don girlsan matan furanni, manyan kwantena bene, florariums, arboretums, kayan wasannin fure, kananan lambuna da ma kananan lambuna.
Orthophytums yadda ya kamata ya bambanta da kusan dukkanin sauran bromeliads na cikin gida, suna kama da sabon abu kuma suna dacewa da sauran tsirrai a cikin tarin wurare masu zafi.
Haske da sanya orthofitum a ciki
Duk da wasan launuka, orthophytum shine mafi yawan tsire-tsire na hoto. Ana iya sanya shi kawai a cikin haske, har ma mafi kyau - wuraren rana. A cikin zafi, lokacin da yanayin zafi ya wuce waɗanda aka ba da shawarar, ya fi kyau kare ganyen orthophytums mai launin haske daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Wannan inji zai buƙaci haske mai kyau ko da a cikin hunturu.
A cikin ciki, ana sanya orthofitums kawai a sills taga. Don wannan al'ada, windows ba a la'akari da mafi kyawun zaɓi, saboda kawai windows na kudu da yamma suna ba da ingantaccen haske.
Zazzabi da iska
Orthophytums za a iya lasafta su amintattu azaman kamannuna masu launin-fure, suna buƙatar abun ciki mai sanyi a hutawa. Daga bazara zuwa kaka, orthophytums suna da daɗi tare da alamu na yawan zafin jiki na ɗakuna - daga digiri +20 zuwa sama zuwa matsakaicin +25 digiri. A cikin zafi, da shuka sha wahala muhimmanci, zama mafi m da capricious.
Tsarin mulki na cin nasara game da maganin orthophytum ya kamata ya kasance mai sanyi sosai. Mafi karancin zazzabi shine +10 digiri. Idan zazzabi ya wuce +15 digiri, zai zama da wuya a sami fure daga tsiro.
Orthophytums, musamman idan yazo ga zebra sosai, kamar yanayin kwanciyar hankali. Sun rasa tasirin adonsu a cikin wuta, tare da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi, cikin abubuwan da aka zayyana. Yakamata a ajiye tankuna da shuki daga abubuwan kwandishan ko kayan wuta.
Orthophytums suna ƙaunar yanayin barga.
Kula da orthophytum a gida
Wannan shine ɗayan mafi sauƙi don tsiron bromeliads. Orthophytum ana iya girma koda ta masu farawa masu girbi, saboda ana shayar da shuka tare da madaidaicin hanyar cika murfin, ba ya buƙatar fesawa, kuma ana iya barin jigilar maniyyi akai-akai. Orthophytums a sauƙaƙe gafarta hanyoyin ruwa kuma sun dace da waɗanda galibi ke tafiya.
Watering da zafi
Don orthophytum, tsarin ban ruwa bai bambanta da yawancin bromeliads. Wannan tsiron yana girma sosai tare da daskararru. Tunda tushen tsarin shuka ba shi da kyau, ana shayar da orthophytums a cikin kanti, ana lura da yadda ake yin aikin na yau da kullun don samar da danshi. Ruwa da shuka sosai yalwa a lokacin da aiki ci gaba da wuya - a sauran. A cikin ruwa na gargajiya, ana ba da damar amfani da tataccen danshi a bushe da rabi tsakanin hanyoyin. Shan iskar shaye-shaye na maganin orthophytum mai mutuwa ne, amma shuka ba ya tsoron fari.
Dankin yana nuna tsayayyar juriya ga iska mai bushewa, amma tare da matsakaitan alamu, alamu da inuwar ganyayyakin sun bayyana sosai. Zai fi dacewa a maye gurbin yaduwa ta ajiye kusa da faranti da ruwa.
Ciyar da takin zamani
Don orthophytum, ingantaccen jadawalin takin zamani da daidaitaccen tsari - tare da ruwa don ban ruwa ko kayan miya na foliar, sun dace. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa sau ɗaya a cikin kowane kwana 10, lura da allurai takin mai magani waɗanda masanan ke ba da shawarar.
Don wannan shuka, zaka iya amfani da takin zamani don bromeliads ko takin zamani. Idan za ta yiwu, zai fi kyau a musanya rigunan gargajiya da na ma'adinai da juna.
Canza kuma canzawa don orthophytum
Orthophytums ana dasa shi ne kawai lokacin da shuka yake buƙatar rarrabawa ko kuma kawai ba shi da wani wuri da zai inganta. Hatta matasa orthophytums ana iya yin amfani da su ta hanyar da ake buƙata kawai.
Ofayan mahimman fasali na haɓakar orthophytums shine iyakance girman girman kwantena. Wannan ciyawar gidan zai bayyana kyakkyawa ne kawai lokacin da tushen tsarin zai bunkasa a cikin matattarar yanayi. Rhizome na orthophytums ba shi da girma a cikin girma, kuma yawanci ana shuka tsiro a cikin ƙananan kofuna waɗanda ke tare da cm 5 zuwa 8. Irin waɗannan kwantena suna ba da izinin shuka ya kasance mai daidaitacce, kada ya yi kwance kuma ya ji daɗin kyakkyawan yanayin.
Don orthophytums, ana zaɓi gaurayawar ƙasa daga cikin waɗannan wakilan dangin Bromeliad. Shirye-shiryen da aka shirya don bromeliads ko orchids cikakke ne. Idan an gauraya ƙasa da kansa, to, ana haɗa ƙasa tururuwa a cikin sassa daidai daidai da yashi da ƙirar ƙasa mai inganci, daidaita tsarin ƙasa ta amfani da tsakuwa mai wutsiya, gansakuka, tubalin da aka karye, perlite ko wasu abubuwan da aka kwance.
Lokacin dasawa da orthophytums, ya kamata ku yi hankali. Ba wai kawai spikes na tsire-tsire ba wanda zai iya lalata fata, amma har da ƙarami da ƙaramin tsarin tushen, wanda dole ne a bi da shi da hankali. An dasa Orthophytums wanda ya sa shuka ta tabbata, tana ƙoƙarin rage hulɗa da asalin.
Lokacin da girma a ɗaka, orthophytums suna barazanar rot kawai.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli girma
Lokacin da girma a ɗaka, orthophytums suna fuskantar barazanar rot kawai, wanda ke faruwa lokacin da ƙasa ke da rigar. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi mai zafi, tsire-tsire na iya wahala daga aphids, waɗanda suke mafi kyau don yin gwagwarmaya da ƙwayoyin cuta kai tsaye.
Sake bugun orthophytum
Don saurin haihuwa, orthophytum shine wakilin al'ada na dangin bromeliad. Ana samun sababbin tsire-tsire ko dai daga kwandon shara, a raba su yayin dasawa da dasa su a cikin kwantena na matsakaici daban-daban, ko girma daga tsaba. Zaɓin na ƙarshe yana buƙatar lokaci mai yawa, amma yana ba ku damar samun adadi mai yawa na seedlings.
Abubuwan Orthophytum mafi kyau an shuka shi a cikin jita-jita Petri ko superficially a cikin wani haske, sako-sako da substrate. A karkashin fim ɗin ko gilashi, tare da yawan samun iska mai daurewa da laima mai santsi, harbe suna da aminci. Cire tsari daga amfanin gona kawai lokacin da seedlings suka kai tsawo na gilashin. Ana aiwatar da juyawa yayin da yake girma, yana canja wurin shuka sosai a cikin kwantena.
