Bilkisu ta fara fitowa - tsirrai na shekara biyu na wani abu mai ban mamaki (akwai wani abu a ciki wanda ya yi kama da itacen dabino) tare da tsawon lokacin ci gaba na kimanin watanni shida a farkon lokacin bazara tare da matattarar turken da ake amfani da ita wajen dafa abinci, kuma a karo na biyu yana aiki akan tsaba. Wannan amfanin gona na kayan lambu yana buƙata akan haske, yana son danshi, kuma yana haƙuri da ƙarancin zafi. Ta ci gaba da girma har zuwa lokacin sanyi har zuwa 5-8 C har ma da lokacin sanyi.
Labarin ya bayyana halayen tsire-tsire, ya bayyana irin narkar da tsirar Brussels a cikin ƙasa, yana ba da fasahohin aikin gona na asali.
Brussels tsiro: Ciyarwa-dogara da sauyin yanayi da kulawa
Yanayin ƙasarmu yana da wahala sosai game da noma wasu albarkatu. Ba kamar Turai ba, tare da Gwanin Gindi da kuma ruwan sanyi, mai shimfiɗa lokacin girma kayan lambu da yawa, girma brussel sprouts a cikin Urals iyakance ta iyakokin yanayi da bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi. Kuma farkon isar da sako a cikin kasa ba barata bane, saboda a ƙarƙashin rinjayar dawowar ƙanƙara mai sanyi, mafi yawan lokutan Brussels sprouts mutu. Ta girma a Siberiya dacewa kawai ta hanyar seedlings, dasa a kusan watanni biyu da haihuwa a farkon kwanakin 15 na Mayu.
Bilkisu ta fito ta girma tana kuma daukar hoto da kulawa
Girma Brussels ta tsiro a cikin tuddai Yana da peculiarities na kansa: wajibi ne don zaɓar nau'ikan farkon ko farkon matsakaici waɗanda ke sarrafa su ba da amfanin gona don kakar, da kuma tarin kabeji don haɗuwa ta tsakiyar tsakiyar Oktoba. Misali, sanannen iri-iri "Hercules 1342" shine Brussels sprouts zones na wannan yankin. Nasihunta da kulawa a cikin karkara suna tsunduma cikin masu sha'awar aikin lambu waɗanda suke neman sanya yawancin shahararrun tsire-tsire a cikin ɗakunan rani.
Iri iri-iri na Brussels
Kadan daga kan dozin irin wannan kayan lambu an jera su a cikin Jihar Register na Rasha. Don fahimtar wane nau'in shuka mafi kyau ne, ya kamata ka bincika iyaka.
Brussels na fitar da Hercules girma
Brussels na fitar da Hercules. Namowar sanannun iri-iri na gida shine saboda yanayin halayensa na waje da dandano. Marigayi-ripening iri-iri tare da mazugi-dimbin yawa kara, abin da m kan shugabannin kabeji m, ba ya ƙetare kan iyakoki na matsakaici girma. Headsananan shugabannin kabeji cikakke ne don dafa abinci, shirye-shiryen gida (pickling, daskarewa, canning tare da sauran kayan lambu). Koyaya, ba shi da mashahuri idan aka kwatanta da na Hercules 1342 bambance-bambancen, wanda ke ba da mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana da rigakafin cututtukan kabeji.
Brussels na fitar da Rosella girma
Burtaniya ta fito da Rosella. Girma tsakiyar-farkon iri-iri, bred by German shayarwa, iya kusan bayar da amfanin gona a lokaci guda, ya sa ya zama dole ga lambu ba su "rayu" a cikin gadaje kuma suna gamsuwa da wuya karo. Kamar kowane tsiro na Brussels, Rosella tana da amfani yayin girma da kulawa da tsire-tsire na manya bisa ga ka'idodin fasahar fasahar noma, tana ƙunshe da adadin bitamin C da folic acid na gaskiya. A take hakkin aikin gona - takin da ya wuce haddi tare da takin da ke dauke da nitrogen - zai iya tara sinadarin nitrates mai cutarwa.
Brussels ta tsiro tsiro mai shuɗi
Burtaniya ta fito da Sapphire. Girma a cikin yanki na kewayen birni na ƙarshen marigayi, yana buƙatar kwanaki fiye da 200 don ripening, mai yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin yankunan da farkon bazara da dogon kaka. Koyaya, dandano mai ban mamaki yana ramawa game da kuɗin aiki na lambu don canja wurin tsirrai zuwa greenhouses don girma tare da farawa mai ɗorewa. Kuma idan akwai sha'awar gwada kawunan kabeji tare da kyakkyawan dandano, ana iya dasa shi a tsakiyar layi.
Brussels ta fitar da namo Casio
Brussels tsiro Casio. Girma matsakaici a cikin girma da iri iri na zamani, wanda aka yi wa ado da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-kore, yana ba da tabbacin babban adadin kabeji shugabannin dandano masu kyau a kowace shuka. Yankin girbi mai yawa shine kyakkyawan shuka don shuka wannan nau'in kiwo na Czech wanda yake da ɗanɗano sabo da zafi. Wannan nau'in yana da bayanin kula da abinci mai sauƙi, wanda ke ƙara inuwa mai ban sha'awa yayin shirya salads na kore.
Kun ga Brussels ta tsiro a cikin hoto: za muyi la'akari da namo iri daban-daban da ke ƙasa (bisa ƙa'ida, fasaha guda ɗaya ga kowane iri).
Girma Brussels tayi girma daga shuka zuwa girbi
Idan kun kasance kuna dasa fararen fata mai kyau a cikin lambun ku, to, zaku iya jure wa Brussels. Don tara amfanin gona mai kyau, ban da sabon ƙwarewa, lokacin dasa shuki shuka mai ban sha'awa, kuma ba ɓataccen lokaci a yaƙi da cututtukan kabeji da kwari, yana da kyau koyan simplean dokoki masu sauƙi. Ofayansu shine kiyaye farjin aikin amfanin gona (juyawa juyawa). Zai yuwu ku dawo da kowane irin kabeji zuwa inda ya girma cikin shekaru 4-5. Yin amfani da shekara-shekara na kusurwa ɗaya na gonar don amfanin gona na kabeji zai haifar da lalata ƙasa, tarin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma a sakamakon - fashewar cututtuka, ƙarancin shuka, ƙananan amfanin gona.
Ka'idodi na asali:
- Shuka tsaba a ƙarshen MarisKuna iya a cikin kwantena a kan windowsill ko a cikin greenhouse.
- Agrotechnics girma seedlings yana da sauki: rare yawa watering, kwaro kariya (dole ne a sarrafa a dace hanya, tun da cruciferous ƙuma na iya halakar da duk seedlings a cikin yini). Zai fi kyau a yi hutu ta hanyar ɗauko tsaba kafin a shuka tare da fili na musamman (alal misali, “Prestige” - c ayaba 1 a kowace lita na ruwa). Na gaba, kawai a yanka ta cikin tsire-tsire domin kada su shimfiɗa. Ba a buƙatar ɗaukar hoto!
- Yana yiwuwa a shuka a cikin ƙasa riga a seedling tsawo of 10 cm. Tana da ganye na hakika 4-5, a wannan karon tushen ya inganta sosai.
Shahararrun abubuwa masu sauƙi game da 'ya'yan fure na Brussels, nadinsu da kulawa akan bidiyo:
Yadda za a bugi maƙwabta a cikin ƙasar tare da kyakkyawan girbi na Brussels sprouts? Agrotechnics na girma da wannan nau'in ya yi kama da fari-kai:
- Ana buƙatar ƙasa mai zurfi, ƙasa mai zurfi, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine nau'in loam.
- A lokacin da dasa shuki, ya kamata ka ware takin gargajiya da ba suyi ba, sannan kuma suyi ruwa tare da jiko na ganye, saboda tare da hulɗa kai tsaye tare da sababbin ƙwayoyin cuta, kabeji zai iya tara yawan nitrates.
- A lokacin girma, idan an shirya ƙasa sosai a gaba, zaku iya yin ba tare da takin ko kaɗan ba, ko kuma shirya "ranakun abinci". Shekaru goma bayan dasawa seedlings, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara takin mai magani na nitrogen, kuma lokacin da kake ɗaure shugaban kabeji, mayar da hankali kan mahimman phosphorus da potassium a wannan lokacin. Masana sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da takin ma'adinai kawai.
Brussels na fitar da tsiro iri lokacin da shuka
Brussels ta fitar da namo waje da kulawa
Mafi tsayi kabeji mai girma shine asalin fure na Brussels. Shuka seedlings daga tsaba ita ce hanya daya tilo don samun sakamako a cikin yanayin mu.
- Shuka mai yiwuwa ne a ƙarshen Marisda zaran kasar ta tsiro, kabeji baya tsoron dusar ƙanƙara kuma yana fuskantar matsanancin sanyi, sanyi har zuwa -3 ° C.
- Zurfin 1 cm ya isa.Hanya tsakanin layuka shine 10-12 cm.
- Zuba mai yawa da rufe tare da tsare. Harbi yana bayyana bayan kimanin kwanaki 7-10.
- Yana da mahimmanci don kare tsaba ta hanyar ɗora su daga ƙyallen ƙyallen ko zubar da magani kai tsaye a cikin layuka.
- Carearin kulawa mai sauƙi ne: ruwa sau ɗaya a mako, da sako ciyayi.
- Da zaran da seedlings tashi dan kadan, karya ta m amfanin gona, barin 1 shuka ta 5 cm.
An shuka furannin Brussels a cikin layuka a cikin seedlings
Tare da tsayin tsirrai na 10-15 cm, ana dasa su a cikin ramuka a cikin dindindin. Kafin sauka, yana da kyau a zube ramuka da ruwa kuma a zuba kamar wata baƙi na sako-sako da humus.
Shuka seedlings na Brussels suna fitowa a gida
Tun da kusan watanni shida sun shude daga dasawa, bayyanar seedlingsan farkon seedlings zuwa ripening da lokacin girbi, wannan nau'in kabeji ana shuka shi ta hanyar tsaba kuma ya girma ta hanyar shuka. Don samun abu mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi, seedling, dole ne:
- zabi mafi kyawun iri wanda ya dace da abubuwan da aka zaba na lambu dangane da sigogi: lokacin fitowar, dandano, kewayon girma, palon launi na ganye (wannan ƙimar yana da mahimmanci lokacin ƙirƙirar lambun kayan ado)
- haša ƙasa substrate daga non-acid peat, humus, ƙasa, yashi da itace ash (yana da muhimmanci a haƙa shi). Itace ƙasa ba ta dace da seedlings na sprouts na Brussels ba. Cularfafa aikinta a kan gonar lambu ba tare da ƙarin ƙwayar cuta ba (calcination) na iya haifar da seedlingsanyen seedlingsanyen tumatir, yaduwar cututtuka a tsakanin seedlings, sannan kuma zuwa asarar amfanin gona
- bi janar sharuddan dasa shuki dukkan nau'ikan kabeji, tsayar da nisa musammam (5 cm a seedling a diamita) da zurfin shuka (1 cm).
- samar da ingantaccen shayarwa da tsarin haske: idan zazzabi a cikin ɗakin ya isa sosai ga ci gaban kabeji, to dole ne a samar da wutar ta matsakaici. Yakamata hasken rana ya zama aƙalla awanni 12, kuma haskakawa tana da ƙarfi. Saboda haka zaɓi sills taga a gefen rana. Water da wuya, amma yalwatacce. Kar a manta game da magudanan ruwa: akwai tilas a samu ramuka a ƙasan shigarwarmu.
- kula da yawan zafin jiki da ake buƙata: yayin rana muna kiyaye seedlings a kan windowsill a cikin wuta, da dare muna aika kyakkyawa zuwa loggia glazed. Don haka za a lura da yanayin da ake buƙata, kuma tsirrai za su taurara.
- takin tare da takin zamani. Zai fi kyau amfani da takin mai magani ruwa mai narkewa da ruwa a cikin rabo don amfanin shuka. Wannan bayanin yawanci ana nuna shi akan marufi.
Abubuwan fashewa na Brussels suna da sauƙin shuka a gida
Ta yaya tsinkayyar wata zai shafi dasawar Brussels a lokacin da aka shuka daga tsaba? Yaushe shuka tsaba don shuka? Duk wani kayan lambu da ke da ƙasa mai yuwuwa ana bada shawara a dasa shi akan wata. Mafi kyawun lokacin shine ƙarshen Maris, shekarun farko na Afrilu. Haske, sako-sako da keɓaɓɓen yadu a cikin kwandon peat na mutum. Isasa tana ɗanɗaɗa abu kaɗan, ana shuka tsaba 3-4 a cikin rami a ɗan ƙaramin nesa, yafa masa wani yanki na ƙasa har zuwa 2 cm. Lokacin da tsiron ya bayyana, ya kamata a lura da su don ci gaba, sannan a yanke ko kuma yanke waɗanda ba su da nasara a ƙasa, barin ɗaya don ƙarin ci gaba. Kar a cire mai tushe daga ƙasa - wannan zai lalata tsarin tushen samfurin da aka zaɓa.
Brussels ta tsiro: namo da kulawa. Hotunan tsire-tsire a cikin zamani daban-daban na ciyayi
An dasa furannin Brussels a cikin layuka a nesa na 40-50 cm a jere, 60-70 cm tsakanin layuka
Shuka seedlings na Brussels na fure a gida yana tanadin ci gaba da tsarin ƙarancin zafin jiki, wanda shine matsala a cikin ɗakuna mai dumi. Zai fi wahala a tabbatar da raguwar zazzabi cikin dare. Masana sun ba da shawarar sanya sigogi tare da shuki a kan loggias na glazed, inda iska take da kyau. Idan ya cancanta, ya dace don jefa kayan da ba a saka ba akan fasassun kayan don kada su daskare fure mai laushi. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don ƙwanƙwasawa na Brussels, ƙwayoyin su lokacin da suka girma - daga 12-15 da yamma zuwa 8-10 da dare.
Amma shuka da aka shuka na Brussels na fure sun yi kaɗan
Shuke-shuke da aka shirya don dasawa yana da shekaru 30-45 kwanaki (lokacin da suka saki 4-7 na waɗannan ganyayyaki) an ƙaddara su a cikin ƙasa. Lokacin dasa shuki, ya zama dole don haɗa ƙasa a kan mai tushe na shuka don hana ta juya daga ƙasa.
Bilkisu ta fito, yaduwar su a fili - wannan gwajin lambun ne, lokacin da sha'awar gwada wani abu daban, kuma kada a gamsu da fararen kabeji na gargajiya. Ya dace da lambu waɗanda ba zasu noma kayan lambu akan sikelin masana'antu ba.
Namowar Brussels na toho daga shuka zuwa girbi babu banbanci da irin irin farin kabeji
A cikin karamin yanki, yana da sauƙi don kula da tsabta, cire ciyawa, ba da ruwa, ciyar idan ya cancanta, da kuma fesa kwari tare da infusions na barkono mai zafi, tafarnuwa, da fi na tumatir. Don adana danshi da friability na ƙasa, ya kamata a shimfiɗa yanki na kayan mulching a ƙarƙashin tsire-tsire (ciyawar ciyawar ciyawa, manyan ganye, zaku iya sa ƙarshen gefen ganyen kabeji da kanta). A farkon matakan bunƙasa kabeji, jiyya tare da shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi abu ne wanda aka yarda, wanda zai sami lokaci don wucewa lokacin lalacewa kafin ya fashe.
Bilkisu ta fure: asirin zuwa girma mai sauki ne
Kalli darasi game da tsirowar Brussels a ƙasa a cikin bidiyo:
Brussels fito: asirin girma
Wannan abin da aka fi so daga fsan wasan Turai, al'ada ce tare da dogon girbi, tana ba ku damar dafa abinci daga kayan lambu da aka harba na watanni da yawa. Don samun sakamakon da za ku iya yin alfahari da shi, yaduwar balagowar Brussels a gida ya kamata a za'ayi tare da sanin wasu ƙananan dabarun:
- Wannan nau'ikan yana da tsari mai ƙarfi, ƙaƙƙarfan tsari, sabili da haka yana buƙatar isasshen sarari kewaye da shi. Tare da gadaje masu rikitarwa, shading yana ba da yawan amfanin ƙasa kaɗan, haɓaka mafi muni. Sabili da haka, mataki na 60-70 cm tsakanin kofen zai fi kyau a kula idan kana da isasshen ƙasa. Idan an tanadi ƙaramin fatar don wannan nau'in kabeji, zai fi kyau shuka tsire-tsire da yawa waɗanda aka zaɓa bisa ga halayen varietal kuma ku sami sakamako mai kyau fiye da ƙoƙarin dacewa da tsirar tsiro guda biyu akan mita ɗaya wanda zai dace kawai don dasawa.
- Yana samun nasarar haɓaka bayan amfanin gona (karas, dankali), yana son siderates, albasa, da kayan kamshi a cikin magabata.
- Bai kamata a dasa furannin Brussels ba inda duk wani wakilan dangi mai giciye ya girma lokacin bazara.
- Dole ne a haƙa ƙasa sosai a cikin faɗuwa tare da ƙarin takaddun takin mai magani, ash da lemun tsami, sannan a sauƙaƙe a cikin bazara. Iyakance ya cancanci daraja, saboda "baƙon Brussels" yana ƙaunar alli, kuma tsari yana ɓoye ƙasa, yana ƙara ƙwayar potassium da phosphorus, kuma yana ƙaruwa da tasirin takin mai magani.
- Kayan lambu ba ya buƙatar tsaunin dutse. Matsakaicin abin da za a buƙaci shi ne ɗan kwance ƙasa, saboda ko da a tushe daga tushe kananan kabeji shugabannin an zuba.
- A ƙarshen nau'in, bayan sun kirga kwanakin kwanaki 30 kafin girbi, sai suka zana alamun girma, suka sare ganyen gwagwarmayar don hanzarta yin tsiro.
Fasali na girma Bilkisu na fure, tattarawa da adanawa:
- lambu na ci gaba, musamman a wuraren da ke da iska mai ɗorewa, suna kafa goyan baya don hana faɗuwar kayan lambu
- idan ganye shirya wani wurin da abin da aka makala na scabies fara zama launin rawaya, kuma 'ya'yan itace da kansu an rufe shi da kakin zuma mai laushi - zaku iya bikin nasara, lokaci yayi da za'a girbi.
- Ana girbe girbi tare da farawa, yana farawa da mafi ƙarancin ƙananan ƙwayoyin, yana samar da ƙarin girma da abinci mai gina jiki na babba
- kar a jinkirta lokacin girbi, jira kabeji ya yi girma - sakamakon zafin zai haifar da daɗin dandano
- a ƙarshen kakar, an cire ganyen apical, an yanke ganyayen Brussels sprouts. Ana iya adanar su ba tare da ɗaukar gobies a nannade cikin fim ɗin filastik a zazzabi kusa da 1 C ba don wasu watanni.
- Dug tare da tushen tsire-tsire a cikin bazara ana iya dasa shi don yayi girma a cikin greenhouse, saboda cikin nasara yanayin ciyayi. Ta wannan hanyar, yana da sauƙi don mika lokacin fruiting kuma samun kabeji lafiya don morean ƙarin makonni.
Muna ba ku damar koyon dabaru da sirrin girma Bilkisu waɗanda ke fitowa daga sake duba bidiyo:
