Karin kwari a shekara suna haifar da mummunar lalacewar gonar dankali a gonakin dankali da filayen gonaki. A sakamakon irin wannan shan kashi, ba kawai m sassa na tsirrai da asalinsu sha wahala, amma kuma yawan aiki rage-rage. Insectswararrun kwari da larvae wintering a cikin ƙasa, tubers, da tarkace na shuka sun zama irin barazanar jinkiri ga mai lambu. Don amfanin gona ya kasance mai girma a kaikaice kuma mai inganci, ana buƙatar tsarin matakan da nufin magance ɓarnar da ke gudana na dankalin turawa da ƙwayayen a ƙasa. Karanta labarinmu na gaba: Cutar Dankali - Hoto, Bayanai da magani!
Gwanin ƙwaro
Bishiyoyi masu launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da tsawon santimita kuma sun bambanta ta hanyar raɗaɗɗa a kan chitin sanannu ne ga masu noman dankalin Turawa kuma suna wakiltar babban haɗari a yankuna da yawa na ƙasar. Mutane manya, kuma musamman larvae, na iya rusa ɗamarar da matasa gaba ɗaya. Idan, lokacin da wannan kwaro ya bayyana, ba a sarrafa dankalin turawa, ana iya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa da rabi.
Kwayoyin cuta suna cutar da cutar mafi girma a lokacin samuwar tarin fuka, a yayin da furanni da furanni suka bayyana akan bushes. Sanin wanzuwar sinadarai masu inganci, kamar Taboo don sarrafa dankali, yawancin mazauna bazara har yanzu ba su daina wasu hanyoyin magance leanyen dankalin turawa da busasshen kwari ba. Daga cikin wadannan matakan:
- wargaza qwai na kwari, tarin larvae da manya;
- ban ruwa na seedlings da girma bushes tare da shuka infusions dangane celandine, tansy, Basil, currant;
- hadin gwiwa tare da al'adun da ke caccaka kwari, alal misali, Legri ko coriander.
Inganci kariya daga kwari zai zama sau uku lura da saukake tare da Kwamandan, Iskra, Mospilan, Aktara ko wasu kwayoyi.
Babban abu shine cewa kwanaki 20 kafin tono amfanin gona, ba a amfani da magunguna.
Magungunan ƙwayar halitta, alal misali, Boverin, Fitoverm da Agrovertin, suna nuna tasirin su a cikin kwanakin 5-7 kuma suna da tasiri musamman a kan manyan kwari na dankalin turawa, larvae.
Wireworms - kwari da dankalin turawa
Hard, har zuwa tsawon 3 cm tsayi tsayi na lardin nutcracker beetles ciyar a kan m harbe harbe, Tushen da tubers. Alkama na da masaniyar sha'awa, sabili da haka, lokacin da aka samo waɗannan kwari na dankalin turawa, yaƙar su dole ne a fara da cire wannan ciyawar. Tubers shafi wireworm suna streaked da shanyewar jiki, sau da yawa shafi rot, nematodes da cututtuka da dankalin turawa.
Kuna iya kare amfanin gona daga kwaro mai haɗari tare da taimakon:
- takin mai dauke da ammonia;
- liming kasa don rage acidity;
- amfanin gona na tsirrai;
- akai-akai loosening na kasar gona da lalata ciyawa
- presowing magani tare da kwari ko amfani da sunadarai, misali, Taboo don sarrafa dankali a lokacin dasa.
Insecticidal miya na dasa kayan da magani tare da Taboo furrows yana taimakawa kare tsirrai don kwanaki 45.
Bugu da kari, miyagun ƙwayoyi suna aiki akan Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro, aphids da cicadas. A wannan yanayin, kaddarorin masu kariya suna gudana har zuwa kwanaki 35.
Cicadas
A waje kama da aphids ko fleas, wadannan kwari na dankalin turawa fi fi ciyar a kan juices shuka da kuma haddasa mummunar lalacewar dasa:
- Da farko, ana kirkirar aibobi a wurin yin tari, daga nan kuma kyallen takunkumin da ya lalace daga cikin daji ya mutu gaba daya.
- Yankunan da aka lalace sun zama hanya don shigarwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayoyin murɗa da tushen wasu cututtukan.
- Kwayoyin cutar kansu suna ɗauke da haɗari ga cututtukan bacci, gami da shafi.
Don kare tsire-tsire daga tsire-tsire na circadian, zai zama da amfani a yi amfani da ƙwayoyin Kruiser da Taboo don sarrafa dankali tun ma kafin su shiga ƙasa. Kuma da taimakon Karate Zeon, zaku iya lalata tsiron circadian kusa da tsire-tsire na dankalin turawa.
Dankali dankali - kwaro na ganye
Daban-daban nau'in fleas kuma ana rarraba su a duniya. Irin ƙwaro na lesan Adam, har zuwa tsawon 3 mm, sune kwari na dankalin turawa. Kuma na bakin ciki, tare da nau'i-nau'i na kafafu guda biyu suna haɓakawa a kan tushen, a cikin shekaru masu dacewa don kwari, na iya haifar da asarar bushes lafiya kuma mafi yawan amfanin gona. Late dasa na tubers da bushe, yanayin zafi yana ba da gudummawa ga shan kashi.
Ana iya lura da halayen kasancewar ƙwararrun fleas ta hanyar sifofin halayyar da ramuka a kan ganyen.
Baya ga Tabu, ana iya amfani da phosphamide tare da maida hankali akan 0.2% a matsayin hanyar kariya da sarrafa kwaro dankalin turawa a kowace ranakun 10. An kama tsofaffi a kan tarkunan manne. Kuma a kan ƙananan tsire-tsire na rani, yana da tasiri don fesa jiko na chamomile ko ƙurar taba mai hade da itacen ash.
Dankali nematodes: alamun rashin nasara da matakan sarrafawa
Kusan ba zai yiwu a ga idanun idanu na microscopic tare da idanunku ba. Amma burburin kasancewar ƙwaryar dankalin turawa ta zinare a cikin hoto kuma tare da ido tsirara a bayyane suke bayyane. Waɗannan cysts kwaro masu kama da hatsi, guguwar ƙwayar shuka. A cikin wannan nau'in, kwaro na hibernates kuma zai iya zama mai yiwuwa don akalla shekaru 10. Bushes da lalatattun nematsi suna wulakanta su, suna kan lalacewa a baya. Alamar halayyar kamuwa da cutar nematode ta ƙasa ita ce rawayawar ƙananan ganye akan bushesan dankalin Turawa. Idan irin wannan shuka ya tsage, mutum zai iya lura da fibrous Tushen tare da ƙananan tubers. Kuma wani lokacin dankali ba ya kafa kwata.
Idan plantings shafi kara dankalin turawa, tushe nematode, alamun kasancewar ta a kan tubers suna kama da aibobi launin toka waɗanda ke tsiro da kuma fashewa a kan lokaci. Ganda a karkashin fata da abin ya shafa ya samo launin ruwan kasa, bayyanar sako, kuma a kan iyakar tare da tara yawan ƙwayoyin litattafan almara na kwari da kansu ke samu.
Ganyen nematode, wanda ke nakasawa a sashin ƙasa na dankalin turawa, gami da ƙwaya, ƙwaya tsire-tsire, kuma a ƙarshe yana kaiwa ga mutuwarsu. A wuraren shigar tsutsotsin tsutsotsi kuma a cikin wuraren mahimmancin aikin su, galls yana bayyana - thickenings har zuwa 1.5 mm a diamita. Wadannan haɓakar da aka bari a kan tushen da tubers da kwaro dankali, hoto yana nuna yadda suke girma a hankali, haɗuwa da kai ga lalata lalata tubers da gabobin tsire-tsire. Kuma ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi a hankali sauƙaƙe cikin lalata nama.
Nematodes ana sauƙin canjawa zuwa ƙasa tare da kayan dasawa da ƙasa. Tushen kamuwa da cuta na iya zama kayan aikin lambun, takalma har ma da ruwa. Sabili da haka, ana shawarar tubers don a wanke kafin dasa shuki tare da buroshi a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudana, kuma bushes ya shafa ta kwaro bayan tono ya kamata a canja shi a hankali daga ridges kuma ya ƙone. Idan ƙasa ta ƙunshi gall, tushe ko nematodes na zinare, yanki na rarraba kwari yana bayyane a bayyane a cikin shafin yanar gizon.
Domin kauce wa lalacewar da tubers ta tsutsotsi, dasa ne da za'ayi a farkon-wuri, kuma zaɓi ne da aka bai wa mafi farkon ripening iri, wanda ripen kasa da kwanaki 60 - da sake zagayowar ci gaban nematodes.
Kariya da iko da kwari na dankalin turawa, a yanayin saukan nematodes, shine:
- a cikin yin amfani da nau'ikan tsayayya;
- a cikin bin ka’idodin juyar da amfanin gona, wanda ya kunshi canza amfanin gona akalla bayan shekaru 3-4;
- a cikin albarkatu a wuraren girma dankali, legumes, masara da ganyayen perennial waɗanda ke tsarkake ƙasa tsutsotsi-kwari.
- a cikin yin amfani da wakilai masu guba don lura da ƙasa, alal misali, thiazone, carbamide, carbathion ko heterophos.
Dankali ɗaba
Cututtukan fata masu launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka-kwari sune kwari mai kwari da dankali, kuma yaƙin tare da su, kuma mafi dacewa tare da silayen su, yakamata a aiwatar da su kawai. Wadannan kwari ba su da ma'ana kuma ana samun su ko'ina, amma suna ɗauka musamman a cikin kusurwoyin inuwa mai ƙarfi. Eggswanƙwasa ƙwaya, sau da yawa hunturu akan ciyawa alkama, juya zuwa larvae a cikin bazara kuma wuce zuwa dankali da sauran waɗanda suke kwana.
Kuna iya gani a fili yadda kwaro dankalin turawa a cikin hoto, ɓoye tushe a saman tushe, ya shiga ciki, sannan ya shiga cikin tubers da bushes na kusa, yana haifar da lalacewar tsire-tsire da yawa.
Kuna iya yakar matattarar dankalin turawa:
- ta hanyar cire ciyawar hatsi;
- amfani da tarkuna;
- tona asirin kwari da kwari.
Bishiyar asu
Wannan kwaro, wanda yayi kama da hoto na ruhun dankalin turawa, yana tasowa ba wai kawai a cikin lokacin bazara ba. Hakanan yana aiki cikin ajiya a yanayin zafi sama da 10 ° C. A lokacin dumin yanayi, asu dankalin turawa na iya samar da tsararraki har guda takwas, kuma idan manya ba su cutar da amfanin gona, to sai mahautan su lalata duka ƙwayayen da ɓangaren daji.
A wuraren da ake samun alamun ƙwayar dankalin turawa, dole ne:
- Kula da adanar dankali a zazzabi da bai wuce 5 ° C ba;
- amfani kawai kayan dasa kayan lafiya;
- dasa shuki tubers warmed da wuri-wuri;
- don ɗaukaka harbe;
- aiwatar da tono mai zurfi a cikin bazara da kuma a cikin bazara;
- yi yaƙi tare da kai-iri seeding daji Nightshade;
- sama bushes,
- Kafin digging tubers, a yanka kuma a kashe fi.
Kulawa da digo na digo tare da lepidocide yana hana ci gaban kwari. Daga kwari masu dankalin turawa a kan gadaje, sarrafawa tare da sinadarai masu kama da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a yaƙi da ƙwayar ƙwayar dankalin turawa da sauran kwari na dankalin turawa. Ana iya maimaita sarrafawa daga motsi dankalin turawa da scoops a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Wannan zai hana caterpillars daga tushe zuwa tushen sa.
Idan manufar lambu ita ce yawan amfanin ƙasa mai inganci na ƙirar, rigakafin haifuwar dankalin turawa da kwari da yaƙi da su ya zama tilas ne a sami ingantaccen matakan a shafin.
Kuma a nan ba za ku iya yin ba tare da saka idanu na yanayin yanayin tsirrai ba, haka kuma ba tare da samar da yanayi mai kyau ba don ci gaban dankali a kan shuka.
