Astra fure ce da take kama da launuka masu yawa da kuma wani sabon abu mai kama. Waɗannan furanni masu ban sha'awa suna da kyau sosai a bayyanar kuma da wuya ka ga gado na fure, lambun fure ko kuma yankin gida, inda babu asters.
A cikin kayan za mu gaya muku yadda ake girma aster, musamman, na farko-mai siffa, da sauran nau'in fure daga zuriya, kuma zaku ga hotunan wasu samfuran wannan shuka.
Bayanin kwantar da hankali da hoto
Astra tana da kyan gani halin dogon fure da launuka da yawa. A lokaci guda, mutane da yawa suna kiran wannan fure "kaka", saboda tana bayyana duk kyawun ta a lokacin bazara. Wasu nau'ikan asters sun yi fure a cikin watan Mayu kuma suna farin ciki da fure har zuwa watan Nuwamba. Mahimmin fasali na wannan fure sune:
- aster yana nufin dicotyledonous tsire-tsire;
- Yana daga shekara-shekara da shekara-shekara;
- lokacin farin ciki
- tsayin fure - daga 20 zuwa 200 cm;
- furanni masu sauki ne, ninki biyu kuma Semi biyu;
- a cikin yanayi na rayuwa yana zaune a cikin tsaunuka, yanki da kuma yankuna na daji;
- launuka na aster na iya bambanta daga fari zuwa shuɗi mai duhu.
Jimlar ta kasance kusan nau'ikan 600 da nau'ikan 800 wannan shuka. Asters kuma suna da tushen tushen ci gaba. Takardun su kadan ne, suna da manyan hakora da falo m. The mai tushe na shuka suna kafa kuma sessile. Inflorescences sune kwanduna a cikin nau'i na garkuwa ko ƙananan kwanon rufi. A tsakiyar, furanni yawanci ƙananan ne kuma suna da launin shuɗi, kuma a gefunan an yi rera kuma suna iya samun launuka daban-daban. Diamita na kwandon na iya bambanta daga 1 zuwa 15 cm.
Iri na asters
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halitta, siffofin da nau'ikan asters. Don haka, akwai:
- mai siffar zobe;
- mai sauki;
- allura;
- kayan ado;
- mai siffa
- Chrysanthemum-kamar;
- ruwan hoda;
- mai haske da sauransu.
Misali, nau'ikan Versailles suna da fasali, da kuma dodon kamar dodo. Masu Peyon asters galibi suna yin girma daga waɗanda suka fi so su sanya furanni da aka yanka a cikin kayan ado.
Peony aster: hoto, iri da kuma namo
Masu ilimin taurari na Peony suna da sifofinsu na musamman: inflorescence a tsarin yayi kama da peony. Kansa mai tsananin fure mai fure kuma yana da girman inci har zuwa 10 cm, filayen waje suna da fadi da tsayi, wadanda suke ciki kuma gajere ne. Dukkanin su, banda matsanancin, suna zuwa tsakiya, suna ƙirƙirar siffar fure. A daji na iya girma har zuwa 50 cm, mai tushe reshe talauci, don haka kambi-dimbin yawa kambi yana da kyau kiyaye su.
Mafi mashahuri iri:
- Hasumiya
- Uwargida
- Duchess.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan asters, tsire-tsire masu fasali suna girma daga tsaba ta hanyar shuka da shuka a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa.
A Peony Aster: iri mai yaduwa
Don dasa dindindin, kuna buƙatar zaɓi wurin rana wanda ke da kariya daga iska. Astra ba ta son tsayayyar ruwa, saboda haka kar a dasa shi kusa da ruwan karkashin kasa. Shouldasar ta zama mai kyau-drained da abinci mai gina jiki.
Ana iya shuka iri nan da nan a gonar a ƙarshen Afrilu, to, an rufe shi da fim. Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, yakamata a fitar dasu waje. An buɗe su a cikin kwanakin dumi, an cire fim ɗin kusa da lokacin rani. Karin cigaba shine kamar haka:
- kar a manta a hankali a hankali a sassauta kasar kusa da shuka;
- da ruwa aster akan lokaci;
- kafin budada kuma a farkon farkon fure, ana buƙatar ciyar da asters.
Idan kuna son shuka tsaba don shuka, to, tana buƙatar cakuda abinci mai gina jiki. Kuma ana yin shuka ne a cikin watan Maris. Tsaba watsuwa a farfajiya na ƙasa kuma yayyafa tare da ƙasa. Bayan haka an shayar da komai. Roaƙa zai tsiro zuwa zafin jiki na kusan digiri 20, bayan bayyanar su an rage shi.
Makonni biyu kafin lokacin dashi aiwatar da miya da kuma taurara. Na farko makonni 2 na seedlings ya kamata a karkashin tsari.
Madaidaiciya azaman hanyar shuka iri
Mutane da yawa masana, lokacin girma asters domin hanzarta ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar tsaba, yi amfani da hanyar daidaitawa, wato, bambancin alamu na zazzabi.
An dasa kayan shuka a ƙasa, sannan a yayyafa shi da dusar ƙanƙara 1 cm .arƙan da ke narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, iri ya ɗauki tushe, kuma tsarin yana yin kwaikwayon dasa furanni a faɗuwar. Ana sanya akwati tare da 'yan asters da aka shuka a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi na awa nawa, sannan a sake sarrafawa zuwa zafi. Dole ne a aiwatar da wannan sauyin yanayin har sai tsaba ya ciji.
Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, suna buƙatar a dasa su cikin allunan peat daban ko tukwane. Tsarin daidaitawa yana taimakawa haɓaka yawan ƙwayoyin da suka ɗauki tushe bayan dasa.
Yadda za a dasa asters a cikin ƙasa?
Kuna buƙatar girma asters bisa ga ka'idojin da ake buƙata. Misali, don tsirowar shuka, mafi yawan zafin jiki iska ya kamata aƙalla digiri 15. Amma kuna buƙatar ciyar da seedlings sau biyu: karo na farko a watan Mayu, ta amfani da maganin nitrophoska da Agricola, kuma a karo na biyu bayan makonni biyu.
Asters basa son kasa mai laushi sosai. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar shayar da seedlings da wuya da wuya ƙasa ta bushe. Duk lokacin da ya kamata a fitar da seedlings bayan an shayar da shi.
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mara amfani da ke gaban ta taurara. Bayan wannan, shuka ba zai ji tsoron sanyi ba har zuwa digiri 4 a kasa da sifiri. Daga lokacin dasa shuki kuma har ya zama dasawa a cikin kasa mai budewa, kimanin watanni 2 kenan. Idan kun shuka iri a tsakiyar Maris, to, zaku iya dasa shuki a tsakiyar Mayu.
Shuka asters yakamata a cikin haske ba raɓa ƙasa. A cikin wurare masu laima, furanni zai iya shafawa ta hanyar rot. A bu mai kyau a dasa ƙasa mai yashin loamy ko chernozem marasa acidic. Idan ƙasa ba ta da kyau, to, a cikin kaka wajibi ne don takin tare da humus, kuma bayan digging, ƙara abubuwa kamar:
- sulfate ammonium;
- superphosphate;
- potassium gishiri.
Furanni suna son launi sosai, amma suma suna da kyau sosai a wuri mai duhu, idan ire-iren sun makara, to yakamata makircin yayi rana.
Saboda tushen Tushen ba ya lalacewa, dole ne a shayar da su kafin su canzawa zuwa cikin ƙasa har sai ƙasa ta jika ƙasa. Sannan, tare da dunƙule mai ƙura na ƙasa, ana fitar da su daga cikin tanki kuma ana kafe a cikin ƙasa.
Soilasar da aka shirya ya kamata ta zama sako-sako, kuma a sa alama a kan ramuka ko furrows a kai a gaba, ruwa. Bayan dasa shuki asters, yayyafa da busasshiyar ƙasa da keɓaɓɓu don tsire-tsire su tabbata kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Watering seedlings bukatar tushen. Bayan tushen ƙarshe a cikin ƙasa, tsarin kulawa kamar haka:
- 3 kwanaki asters shayar;
- 1 rana kasar gona loosens.
Hanyar shuka iri-iri
Idan kuna zaune a cikin yanayin zafi mai dumi, to, za a iya shuka tsiro na shekara-shekara ba tare da seedlings ba. Tsaba waɗanda suka dasa kai tsaye a kan ƙasa buɗe, a matsayin mai mulkin, Bloom more yalwa da tsayayya da cuta da kyau. Iyakar abin da ya ja baya a wannan yanayin shi ne cewa fure ta fito daga baya.
Ana shuka iri a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen Afrilu, lokacin da ake yin daskarar da ƙasa sosai kuma ba a ɗauke ta da ƙwayar, ko kusa da hunturu. Lokacin da seedlings da farkon ganye na ainihi suka bayyana, ana shuka su, suna barin nesa tsakanin furanni na kusan cm 15. Sannan ana fitar da bakin ciki, idan ya cancanta. Idan kun shuka asters a watan Afrilu a cikin ƙasa, za su yi fure daga baya fiye da seedlings har sati biyu. Kuma dasa tsaba a watan Nuwamba zai yi fure a cikin watan Mayu.
Yadda ake kulawa da taurari
Dangane da kulawa, asters din ba su da yawa. Bukatar kawai kiyaye wadannan sharudda:
- kan lokaci da isa ruwa;
- kar ka manta da su sassauta da sako ƙasa.
- takin.
Ya kamata ka kula da laima ƙasa. Loosening shi wajibi ne bayan ruwa da ruwa sama sosai, saboda yawan danshi ya bushe. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, buƙatar buƙatar shayar da mai yalwa, amma ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.
Domin tushen tsarin furen ya zama al'ada, ya wajaba don girma furanni. Hanya ta yau da kullun tana rage haɗarin cutar.
Asters suna buƙatar yin takin lokacin bazara da kuma lokacin da farkon furanni suka bayyana.
Cutar mai yiwuwa da kwari masu haɗari
Hakanan za'a iya haɓaka asters tare da matsaloli a cikin nau'in cututtuka da mummunan tasiri na kwari.
Misali, jujjuyawar amfanin gona mara daidai na iya tsokani fusarium wilting. Irin wannan cutar tana bayyana yayin fure kuma tana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'in dishargy na shuka da fadowa daga cikin petals. Ya kamata a ƙone furanni masu lalacewa.
Wata cuta mai haɗari ita ce mildew, wanda ke bayyana saboda irin waɗannan dalilai:
- ƙasa mai gina jiki;
- yanayin ba daidai ba;
- lokacin farin ciki dasa.
Yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na launin toka-farin plaque a kan mai tushe da ganye. Kuna iya yaƙi da cutar tare da taimakon "Topaz" da "Sulfaride" shirye-shirye.
Aster na iya cutar da naman gwari, za a iya gane shi da duhun dunƙule mai duhu a cikin ganyayyaki. Suna buƙatar cire su da ƙona su, kuma an kula da shuka tare da Fundazole ko Polychome.
Jaundice wata cuta ce da ake dasa shuki a ciki cike da launin rawaya. Furannin da ke yin rashin lafiya ta wannan hanyar ana cire su cikin gaggawa: ba za a iya bi da su ba.
Don hana launin toka rot kafin aster fure sarrafa ta hanyar jan karfe:
- Ruwan Bordeaux;
- jan karfe na tagulla;
- jan karfe na jan karfe.
Tushen launin toka yana bayyana azaman launin fat-fari. Dole ne a cire wuraren da suka shafa. Cutar na faruwa ne saboda yawan danshi da sinadarin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa.
Karin kwari
Karin kwari ma suna da matukar hadari ga asters. Mafi girman maƙiyan wannan fure sune ganye da mayuka masu ƙwaya, waɗanda ke barin aibobi launin ruwan ƙasa tsakanin jijiyoyin ganye. An cire ganyen, tare da shan kashi mai ƙarfi, an cire tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya.
Ku ci ganyayyaki da kumfa - Sakamakon ayyukan satar kuɗi na satar kuɗi. Dole ne a wanke shuka daga cikin tiyo kuma a bi da jiko tafarnuwa.
A cikin yanayin zafi da bushe, baƙo da ba a so don asters shine ƙurar gizo-gizo. A lokaci guda, suna buƙatar a bi da su da ruwa mai soapy kuma an yayyafa shi da infusions dangane da albasa, tafarnuwa, dandelion, shag da sauran hanyoyi.
Kowa ya san abin da kyawawan furanni suke asters. Zasu iya zama adon lambu, makirci ko na dogon lokaci su tsaya a cikin kayan ado a cikin sarewa. Kuma domin wannan tsirran ya kawo muku jin daɗin ado, kuna buƙatar kulawa da shi yadda ya kamata.
