A ambaton Heather, mazaunan Scotland, Norway da sauran ƙasashen Arewacin Turai suna wakiltar ƙananan bishiyoyi masu shekaru 15 zuwa 50 cm masu tsayi tare da harbe da yawa waɗanda aka dasa tare da ganyen scaly da ƙananan furanni kararrawa masu launi ko ruwan launi na lilac.
Heather na daji - alama ce ta jimiri da sa'a
A karkashin yanayin yanayi na yanayi mai-zafi, Heather gama gari yana tsiro akan manyan filaye da kuma gobarar daji, a kan kujerun peat da kuma tsaunin dutse. A inji shi ne musamman unpretentious.
Har zuwa shekaru 40-50 na iya wanzu a wuri guda kuma ana iya samun sa koda sauran albarkatun gona na zamani kawai ba za su iya rayuwa ba: a cikin fadama ruwa da ƙarancin yashi na gandun daji.
Speciesarancin haɓaka mai ƙarancin heather daji suna ƙawata furen fure a cikin tundra. Don unpretentiousness da resilience, da Norwegians a cikin tarihi tunawa girmama heather tare da girmamawa ta zama alama ce na kasar, amma a cikin gidajen Aljannar Turai mazaunin tuddai da iska hurawa fara bayyana ne kawai a cikin karni na XVIII. A Rasha, inda ake samun nau'ikan nau'ikan 50 na wannan dangi a cikin tsirrai masu girma-daji, lambun Heather ya bayyana ne shekaru ashirin da suka wuce kan asalin Lambunan Botanical a Moscow.
A Scotland, sun faɗi game da mutumin da ya yi sa'a cewa ya faru da fararen furannin Heather.
Tabbas, a cikin sararin wurare masu zurfi, waɗanda sune alamun gargajiya na ƙasar, fararen farin heather ba shi yiwuwa a gani. Amma a yau, lokacin da shuka ya tayar da sha'awa sosai daga wurin lambu, ba sabon abu bane ba kawai ke shishigi tare da tassels na farin karrarawa, amma iri tare da rasberi, violet, yellowish da orange mai sauƙi, da furanni biyu.
Heather lambu da kuma kusa ra'ayoyi
A cikin shekaru 200 da suka gabata, masu shayarwa sun sami nau'ikan kyawawan ɗaruruwan kayan ado na Heather, waɗanda za a iya rarrabe su bisa ka'idoji zuwa ƙananan, matsakaici da tsayi tsirrai. Haka kuma, ban da su, mafi kusancin wakilan dangin Heather, alal misali, Erica da Ledum, irin bishiyoyin bishiyoyi kamar lingonberries, kurciya da shudi, da kuma rhododendrons, ana yin amfani da su sosai wajen siyar wuri.
Mafi kusa ga heather gama gari sune nau'ikan nau'ikan Erica, waɗanda a yanayi suke zaune daga tekun Atlantika na Amurka zuwa ƙasashen arewacin Afirka. Ana iya ganin dumamen zafi a cikin yankin Asiya, Caucasus da Alps.
Idan harbe daga gandun daji da heather na fure ba su yi tsayi sama da 70 cm ba, to, wasu nau'ikan erica, alal misali, itace, haƙiƙan itace, har zuwa tsawon mita 5-7.
Wani banbanci tsakanin Erica da Heather shi ne ƙananan ganye mai siffa allura da kofuna waɗanda furanni. Heather na gaskiya daga jinsin da ya danganta ya banbanta ba kawai ga bayyanar ba, har ma da lokacin bayyanar buds. Lokacin da Heather blooms, mafi yawan ornamental plantings a gonar sun riga sun kammala girma kakar kuma shirya don hunturu. A tsakiyar layi, kawai a cikin rabin na biyu na bazara, kuma mafi sau a watan Agusta, furanni sun bayyana a kan bushes, wanda, dangane da iri-iri, na iya riƙe har sai an kafa murfin dusar ƙanƙara.
A cikin ƙasashe da dama na Turai da kuma a Amurka, heather lambu al'ada ce da take birgewa. Itatuwan baya rasa tasiri na ado kuma yana jure yanayin sanyi mai zafi tare da yanayin zafi har zuwa +8 ° C.
Bayan an gama ciyawar, Heather ta kasance mai haske kuma, watakila, kawai itace adon lambun. A cikin nau'ikan da yawa, harbe masu launuka tare da duk launuka na bakan gizo, da rawaya, burgundy, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko na azurfa na Heather a bayyane yake a cikin yankin da aka zubar dashi a ƙarshen kaka.
Yaduwa da dasa na ado da heather daji
Kuna iya yaduwar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan terry, burgundy ko farin heather da 'ya'yan tsiro, da ciyawa:
- tare da taimakon ganyen da aka kafe a lokacin rani ko damina, tsawon watanni 1-1.5 a cikin yashi mai haske yana ba da tsarin tushen da ya dace da dasa;
- ta hanyar kewaya daga manyan harbe na gandun daji ko heather na Heather.
Don samun kayan dasa a daidai lokacin hulɗa da ƙasa, an yanke reshe, a bi da shi tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka, pinned kuma yafa masa ƙasa mai gina jiki. Ta hanyar kaka, wani matashi na Heather ya shirya don dasawa.
'Ya'yan ƙwayoyin cuta na Varietal Heather, wanda tsarin tushen sa yana cikin akwati tare da ƙasa na peat, da sauri kai tushen.
Shawarwarin kwararru kan haifuwa da dasa:
- Idan ba a sake dasa bushes na gonar heather har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba ba, zai fi kyau jinkirta canja wuri zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa a watan Afrilu.
- Don daji, ya fi kyau zaɓi yanki mai haske da aka kiyaye shi daga iska.
- Tun da Heather ya girma tare da shekaru, an bar nisan 40 zuwa 50 cm daga wata shuka zuwa wani.
- Zurfin ramin saukowar Heather bai wuce 25-30 cm ba, amma ya fi dacewa a sanya shi ƙanƙanta, kusan 40 cm, don yada tushen.
- A kasan shirya magudanar ruwa.
- Lokacin da cika rami, yana da mahimmanci kada a zurfafa tushen wuya.
Shirya ƙasa don dasa shuki heather na ado
Amma babban aikin majinin, wanda ya shirya dasa shuki na heather na ado a wurin, shine shiri na kasar gona. Duk da rashin daidaituwar al'adar, a yawancin halaye na ƙwarewar girma heather ya kasa. Sanadin mutuwa sau da yawa ya ta'allaka ne da cewa duka daji da ornamental heather zaune a cikin symbiosis tare da m ƙasa fungi cewa samar da wani whitish Bloom ko formations a kan tushen da shuka. Idan mycelium daga cikin naman gwari ya mutu ko gaba daya ba ya nan a cikin gonar gona, dajin ya raunana kuma yana iya mutu.
Don haka, ba tare da ɗaukar matakan gaggawa ba, mai kula da lambu ba ya jira lokacin da Heather ta yi fure a yankin:
- Don kula da mahimmancin aiki na mycorrhiza, ƙasa acid tare da matakin pH na raka'a 4 zuwa 5 ana buƙatar, ƙasa don acid na wucin gadi wanda 40 gami na sulfur na lambu, boric ko citric acid ana ƙara su a kowace murabba'in mita.
- Cakuda kasar gona yana da sassan biyu na peat, wani sashi na yashi da kuma girman sikari na allurai ko ciyayi.
- A matsayinka na taki a lokacin shuka, zaka iya ƙara hadadden ma'adinan, ba tare da alli da kwayoyin ba.
Idan akwai tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace a kusa da shi, yana da amfani don ƙara ƙasa mai yashi daga ƙarƙashin irin wannan ciyayi zuwa cakuda don dasa Heather na ado.
Kulawar Heather Garden
Don kula da matakin danshi a cikin kasar gona, don hana dumamarsa, haka kuma ya hana ciyayi su tashi tsaye, mulch na kasar gona mai zurfi a cikin bushes yana da kyau ga ciyawar kasar. Idan sprouts na ciyayi ciyawa duk da haka ya bayyana, don kada su lalata tushen tushen gonar heather, shi ne mafi alh tori ga sako kawai da hannuwanku. A gaban Hauwa'u na sahunnun buds, ana iya haduwa da Heather tare da takaddun hadaddun takin a cikin nauyin 10-15 na kowace shuka.
Don kiyaye acidity na ƙasa kuma don hana chlorine da alli, wanda ke da haɗari ga mycorrhiza, samun zuwa tushen, ruwan sama, tacewa da ruwan acidified ana amfani dashi don ban ruwa, wanda shine 3-4 grams na citric, boric ko oxalic acid an ƙara a cikin guga 10.
A cikin shekaru biyu na farko na rayuwa, heather na ado baya buƙatar girbe shi; a kan manyan bushes a cikin bazara, ba kawai an yanke inflorescences na shekarar da ta gabata ba, har ma da sauran ɓangaren wannan reshe na itace, har da daskararre da bushe harbe.
Idan yayin dasa shuki dukkan fasalulluhin wannan al'adar mai ban sha'awa ana yin la’akari da ita, an zaɓi iri iri domin yin la’akari da lokacin fure, juriya sanyi da haɓaka, sannan ƙarshen kaka, lokacin da tatattarwar Heather, zata kasance mafi haske lokacin shekara a gonar. Tsarin dindindin mai dorewa da taurin kai zai nuna kansa cikin dukkan ɗaukakarsa, kuma duk ƙoƙarin mai lambun tabbas zai biya.
