Fitowar bromeliads mafi yawanci ana iya sanin shi ta sashin ganyen, da kuma yanayin wurin zama a cikin jerin abubuwa, da kuma fure. Hectia ya bambanta da sauran takwarorinta na yau da kullun. Tunawa game da abubuwan hatsi iri-iri, sannan na biyu, sannan mazaunan teku, wani lokacin kuma hakan na haifar da associationsan ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari, nan da nan take jan hankalin kanta. Kyakkyawan kyakkyawa na layin da aka tsara da daidaituwa, haɓaka ɗan kwalliya yana haɗe tare da launuka masu ban sha'awa a hechtias. Kuma babban abin mamaki a cikin hanyar sabon abu inflorescences yana ba mu damar sanya hechtia a cikin ɗakunan haske na ɗakuna.
Hectia - mai kama da hatsi da maye gurbin bromeliad houseplant.
Botanical fasali na hechtia
Daga cikin wakilan dangin Bromeliad, matsayin baƙi ba sabon abu bane. Waɗannan tsire-tsire ne na musamman, waɗanda zaku iya haɗuwa da nau'ikan ƙasa biyu da epiphytes, wanda yawanci mamaki tare da fleshy da m ganye tattara a cikin sauƙin ganewa rosettes.
Ko da a kan bango na mafi kyau da kyau fure bromeliads, mai muhimmanci, rare hechtia alama ya zama na kwarai shuka. Ba ta da kyau kawai, amma rosettes tare da kayan ado na musamman. Kuma furanni na hechtias, wanda ke gudanar da cikakkiyar sha'awar ta ko da a cikin ɗakunan rayuwa na yau da kullun, na iya mamaye duka vriesia da sauran gasa a cikin alheri na tsari.
Ba a ba da sunan hechtia don girmamawa ga masanin ilimin botanist ba, amma na jami'in Prussi na Jamus Hecht. Duk da matsayin sabon shuka mai saurin zamani, ana san hechtias tun tsakiyar karni na sha tara. Waɗannan tsirrai ne na New World, musamman na yau da kullun a California, Texas, da Mexico. Ana samun Gechtias a kan firam, da kan gangara, da hamada, da gandun daji, kuma wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire ne a bakin teku.
Ba kamar yawancin bromeliads na cikin gida ba, hechtia wata itaciyar ƙasa ce wacce take alfahari da tsawon rai.
Ganyen hechtia dogaye ne, mai kauri, kauri, mai kauri, an rufe shi da ƙaya da jijiyoyi. Tare da tsawon 60 cm kuma nisa kawai 1-5 cm, ganyayyaki suna da kyau lankwasa a ƙarƙashin nauyinsu. Waararraki mai zurfi da spikes mai yaduwa kawai yana haɓaka tasirin rashin hankali. Isarshen ya kusan nuna bambanci a farfajiya, amma a zahiri an yi ganyen ganyen da ƙananan gashi kuma ba sa iya tsayawa da hulɗa. Tsarin aiki mai yawa na ganye yana ba da izinin hechtia don ƙirƙirar keɓaɓɓen, kusan ƙirar hoto da layin daidaituwa.
Ya fice daga sararin samaniya daga tsakiyar fitarwa, yana maimaita lanƙwaran ganye kusa da ƙirƙirar tsari mai fasali guda. Rosettes na ganye suna da kyan gani, bakin daga waje daya a lokaci guda. Suna kama da jellyfish a cikin ganyayyaki mai lanƙwasa da hatsi a cikin yawa. Duk da gaskiyar cewa rochtestes na hechtia suna da laushi, wannan ra'ayi na yaudarar kai ne: kamar duk bromeliads, a cikin wannan shuka rosettes kuma suna adana ruwa kuma suna ba da izinin shuka su iya magance fari. A tsayi, a cikin manyan tsire-tsire na manya, suna iya shimfiɗa har zuwa 30-40 cm.
Akwai muhawara da yawa game da abin da fasalin hechtia - fure ko rosettes - shine mafi kyawu. Ko da ba blooming hechtia har yanzu da alama m kayan ado da kuma haifar kawai sha'awa. Amma tsire-tsire na fure ana iya sha'awar su.
Hechtias na cikin gida ya tashi a karshen ko a tsakiyar hunturu. Daga tsakiyar kantuna, furanni masu matsakaici, aka tattara a hadaddun spikelet da panicles, suka tashi, mafi yawan lokuta, fararen furanni masu matukar kyau. Sedentary, kawai 5-7 cm tsawo, pistillate furanni da sako-sako da sepals an rufe da fadi da m bracts tare da nuna gefen, tsawon wanda kusan ko yaushe daidai yake da fure kansu. An ba da ladabi na inflorescences ta hanyar sutturar sutura na triangular, kuma yaduwa daban-daban kunnuwa, suna haifar kyawawan layi a cikin inflorescence. A Peduncles bare, a wasu nau'in ba ganye, a cikin wasu masu ganye mai nisa.
Bayan fure a hechtias a cikin yanayi ko a cikin tarin manya, inda zai yiwu a shuka tsirrai na mata da maza daban-daban, akwatunan 'ya'yan itace cylindrical sun fara yin fure kawai har zuwa 7-8 mm a tsayi.
Rosette na ganyen hechtia abu ne mai matukar ban sha'awa na wannan shuka.
Iri hechtias don girma a cikin dakuna
Halin Hectia yana da fa'ida sosai, amma kusan tsire-tsire ne kawai ake samu a yankuna yankuna na Arewa da Kudancin Amurka. A cikin al'adun daki, kawai ana amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan ornamental biyar na wannan shuka.
Guhtemala Guchtia
Guhtemala Guchtia (Hechtia guatemalensis) - babban shuka tare da guntu mai tushe. Rosette na ganye mai kauri da kuma yaɗuwa sosai. Sakamakon yawaita yana haɓaka kunkuntar, sifar layi na ganyayyaki tare da nuna baki. Tare da tsawon zuwa 80 cm a fadin, ganye yana iyakance zuwa matsakaicin 5 cm, amma a cikin ɗakuna irin waɗannan masu girma kusan ba a taɓa samun su ba.
A cikin sansanonin, ganyen duk dunkule ne, amma akasarinsu an kawata su da manyan, m, tare da farin sikeli a kasan dogo. Spikes ne sosai m, godiya ga wani wajen sparse tsari.
Mafi kyawun yanayin wannan nau'in itace launin shuɗi, wanda wani lokacin yakan sanya kwandon shara zuwa abin al'ajabi na launin ruwan kasa. Marassa kyau guraben suna lashe sau uku tare da cirrus panicle inflorescence tashi zuwa mita tsawo. Ana yiwa rassan gandayen ƙasa, a tsawon su zasu iya girma har zuwa 30 cm, hannayen suna da haɗin kai kuma suna da ƙyalli sosai. Wannan nau'in hechtia ana saninsa da ƙananan furanni masu ƙyalƙyali tare da furanni na kyauta, kyawawan lanceolate bracts kuma manya-manyan, kimanin 5 cm tsawon suturar suturar ganye.
Guchtemalian hechtia (Hechtia guatemalensis).
Texas Gekhtiya
Texas Gekhtiya (Hechtia texensis) - kwarjini mai ban sha'awa da kwalliya irin ta rabin-mitsi na fararen falo na bakin ciki da ganyayyaki, wanda yanayinsa yake a waje shine ɗan abin tunawa da dracaena. Thorny thoeds jaddada alamar wannan shuka.
Hechtia na azurfa
Hechtia na azurfa (Hechtia argentea) - ofaya daga cikin kyawawan tsire-tsire irin tsirrai. Kara mai karfi da gauraya tare da tsauraran matakai, wadanda aka tsara, kayan ganyayyaki masu dimbin yawa suna kama da mu'ujiza mai rai. Leavesanannun ganye suna da tsawon sa har zuwa 60 cm ba zai wuce 2 cm ba ballantana, duk da ƙarancin laushin da ke ƙarƙashin nauyinsu, suna jujjuyawa da lanƙwasawa a cikin baka, ƙirƙirar tasirin suttura a cikin soket. Waoƙarin wavy yana ƙarfafa kyakkyawa da layin, kuma ɓoyayyen lafuffuka, rawaya, babba da m, kawai inganta alherin greenery.
Nwonguro na wannan nau'in ya nitse ƙarƙashin nauyin inflorescences. Cikakkun kunnuwa suna jaddadawa ta kyawawan kunn ganye da ke kan nesa mai nisa. Raba spikelet dabam ana shirya daban, an jera su sosai daga juna, ana liƙe shi da kayataccen suturar ganye, m bracts da ƙananan furanni.
Hechtia tillandside
Hechtia tillandside (Hechtia tillandsioides) - Wani abu mai ban mamaki, kusan ba farat ɗaya ba tare da launi mai haske mai haske na launin ganye mai haske wanda ke cikin yadudduka da rodote masu santsi. Peduncles suna da girma sosai, an yi masa kambi tare da spikelets na inflorescences tare da ƙananan furanni ruwan hoda. Daya daga cikin mafi yawan jinsunan hechtias.
Hechtia na Texas (Hechtia texensis).
Hechtia na azurfa (Hechtia argentea).
Hechtia tillandside (Hechtia tillandsioides).
Hechtia glomerate
Hechtia glomerate (Hechtia duniya) - manya-manyan kallo tare da kwanciya, tashi a gefunan ganyayyaki, samar da wata koren haske, mai fasali, kyakkyawan waje.
Hechtia glomerate (Hechtia glomerata).
Yanayi don girma hectias na cikin gida
Hectias ba safai ake girma a cikin ɗakuna ba, saboda tsoron karfin su. Amma fewan tsire-tsire suna jure bushewar iska da zafi fiye da wannan bromeliad. Hectia yana da ikon daidaitawa zuwa yanayin haske daban. A zahiri, kawai lokacin wahala a cikin namo shi ne lokacin sanyi.
Kuskuren hectia an kuskuren ɗaukar tsire-tsire mai amfani. Sakamakon girman wuraren kantuna, galibi ana fallasa shi a cikin keɓancewa mai ban sha'awa. Amma a zahiri, hechtia yayi kyau sosai a cikin gaurayen tsire-tsire ko a cikin tarin da ke cikin rukuni.
Ana iya amfani dashi don terrariums da florariums, hada tare da kowane babban nasara. Tare da taimakon hechtia, zaku iya shirya kusurwar lambun hunturu ko kuma wani lambu na dutsen musamman a ciki. Zai fi kyau a haɗu da hechtia tare da succulents da exotics, kuma ba tare da tsire-tsire na cikin gida na gargajiya ba.
Haske da sanya wuri
Gekhtii - mahaɗan rana. Haske na tsakar rana ya tsananta a kansu, amma safiya ko yamma tana da amfani mai amfani ga ganyen ado. An nuna kyakkyawan furanni na hechtia a cikin yaduwa, haske mai laushi. Idan an sa hechtia rani a cikin iska mai tsami, to, an fallasa shuka a wuri mai zafi.
Mafi kyawun wuri don hechtia a cikin falo yana da dacewa da la'akari da taga sill na gabashin. Wannan al'ada ba ta rasa adorativeness na foliage ko da a cikin m inuwa, kuma idan aikin ba su cimma fure, to hechtia za a iya girma ba kawai a kan windowsill.
Zazzabi da iska
A cikin dukkan matakan tsirrai masu aiki, hechtias sun fi so su girma cikin zafi. Zafin iska daga +25 digiri ne ingantaccen yanayi don ganyayyakin wannan tsiro.
Yana da mahimmanci sosai ga hechtia don tabbatar da ingantaccen kiyayewa yayin dormancy. A lokacin hunturu, yakamata a kula da tsire-tsire mai sanyi, a zazzabi na +8 zuwa +12 digiri Celsius. Saukad da digiri +5 na dogon lokaci bai kamata a kyale ba, amma kada su yi hunturu a cikin dumin hechtia.
Daya daga cikin mahimman mahimmancin lokacin haihuwar hechtias ƙaunar sabo ne. A shuka yana buƙatar m ko akai-akai iska. Yana jin tsoron kowane yanayi mai tsauri kuma a cikin watanni masu zafi yana iya motsawa zuwa tsaftataccen iska.
Hectia a hankali yana canja wurin bushe.
Kulawar hectaria a gida
Wannan shine ɗayan mafi sauƙi don shuka tsirrai bromeliad. Kulawa da Hechtia an rage zuwa kayan miya da ban ruwa;
Watering da zafi
A cikin lokaci na aiki girma, ana shayar da hechtias sosai. Shuka ba ta son kwararar ruwa, amma ba ta tsoron fari. Watering ne da za'ayi da na gargajiya hanya - a kan substrate, barin kasar gona ta bushe tsakanin wadannan hanyoyin. Yawancin lokaci ana shayar da wannan shuka sau 1 cikin kwanaki 7.
A lokacin bazara, zaku iya cika rami a cikin kanti. A lokacin dormancy, ana shayar da shuka yadda yakamata, a hanya ta gargajiya, kuma ba a cikin rami ba, da barin ƙasa ta bushe gabaɗaya kafin shayarwa ta gaba. Hectias yayi girma cikin tukwane tare da ban ruwa atomatik.
Don hectia, yana da mahimmanci don amfani da ingantaccen, ingantaccen, ruwa mai taushi kuma don guje wa manyan bambancin zazzabi tsakanin ruwan ban ruwa da mai.
Duk da matsayin da ake shukawar mai saurin lalacewa da kuma moody, hechtia ba kwata-kwata tana bukatar zafi. Jinsunan da aka girma a cikin ɗakuna ba sa cikin jinsin daji kuma a zahiri suna girma da kyau a cikin yanayin bushewa. Gekhtiya yana jure yanayin zafi sosai, bazai daɗaɗa shuka tsiron ba koda kuwa yanayin yayi kama da yanayin yayi zafi da bushe. Duk wani rigar yana cutar da ganuwa amma mahimmanci mahimmanci akan ganyen shuka.
Hectia baya son hulɗa tare da ganye, don haka ko da ƙurar ƙwaya na iya zama matsala ga wannan shuka. Zai fi kyau a share ko kuma share datti, amma a busa shi daga kantuna.
Ciyar da takin zamani
Ga hechtias, tsawon lokacin da ake fara aikin miya kawai yana iyakace ne kawai lokacin da ake ci gaban ganye. Shuke-shuke suna ciyarwa daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba. Don hechtia, ciyarwa 1 a cikin makonni 3-4 ya isa. Don tsire-tsire, ana amfani da takin mai magani ne kawai a cikin nau'in ruwa. Matasa hechtia amsa da kyau ga rauni foliar ciyar.
Lokacin zabar takin zamani don hechtia, zaku iya neman gaurayawan na musamman don bromeliads ko amfani da takin zamani mai rikitarwa.
Yankan da samar da hechtias
A cikin wannan bromeliad pruning, an cire farfajiyar bayan inflorescences wither. Ana yin yankan da wuka mai kaifi, gwargwadon matsayin soket din ya ba da izini.
Dasawa da canza ruwa don hechtia
Ana gudanar da aikin hectia ba kowace shekara ba, amma kamar yadda yake girma. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka tsirar da shuka sau 1 a cikin shekaru 2, a lokacin bazara.
Hectia, ko da a cikin ɗakin al'ada, baya rasa fifikon ƙasa. Wannan tsire-tsire yana son ƙasa mai gina jiki tare da rubutun haske. Don hechtias, ƙasa ana ɗaukarsa kyakkyawa, ya ƙunshi yashi, takarda da ƙasa mai turɓaya a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2 tare da ƙara kayan abinci don kauce wa compaction - perlite, tsakuwa, lãka. Kuna iya shuka shuka a cikin maɓallin musamman don succulents, bromeliads ko ƙasa mai yashi-peat.
Gekhtiya yafi dacewa da karfin iko. Wannan ba epiphyte bane, wanda ke buƙatar ɗaukar kwantena mai ɗimbin matsakaici. Tsarin tushen hechtia mai ƙarfi ana bambanta ta duka haɓaka mai saurin girma da kuma saka jeri, don haka ko da manyan tubs ko tukwane za a iya zaba don wannan al'ada, yana mai da hankali kan girman tushen tsarin. Da ya fi girma iya karfin, da saurin hechtia ke tsiro kuma ya fi girma a hanunsa.
Lokacin dasawa hechtias, babban Layer na magudanar ruwa dole ne a dage farawa a kasan tankuna, wanda ya kamata ya mamaye kusan kashi ɗaya cikin uku na tsayin tanki. Lokacin dasawa, dole ne a kula da shuka a hankali. Dole ne a kula da kariya ta hannu daga tarkacen hechtia.
Ganyen hechtia na iya samun launuka iri-iri.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli a cikin namo hechtias
Hectia yana nuna tsayayyen juriya daga kwari da cututtuka. Sai kawai mummunan rikicewa daga kulawa da aka ba da shawarar da kuma kamuwa da cuta na albarkatun gona na makwabta suna haifar da shan kashi da ƙwayoyin kwari ko sikelin kwari. Ko da don jujjuya, ƙwayar ta fi kwanciyar hankali fiye da sauran bromeliads, ba da damar gyara halin ta hanyar gyara ban ruwa, da farko ta amsa ga bushewar, kuma kawai sai - mutuwar kyallen takarda.
Hectia kiwo
Wannan bromeliad mai ban mamaki yana da sauƙin yaduwa. Kamar kowane bromeliads, hechtia yana samar da rosettes gefen, wanda ya isa ya raba lokacin dasawa daga tsohuwar shuka. Ba lallai ba ne a shuka tsire-tsire na 'ya mace har sai sun girma zuwa uku bisa uku na tsararren mama. Zai fi kyau a raba yara ba da hannu ba, amma ta wuka mai kaifi tare da sarrafa sarewa da gawayi. Ana shuka tsire-tsire ne kawai bayan yanka ya bushe sosai, kwanaki 2 bayan yanke.
Idan ana so, zaku iya samun wannan tsirar daga zuriya, kodayake, galibi ana samun sayayya. Za'ayi shuka a cikin bazara, a cikin cakuda substrate tare da yashi, a sama, kawai dan kadan rufe ƙasa. Yanayin zafi, watsawar warwatse, dumin haske da haƙuri sune abubuwa guda huɗu waɗanda ba tare da ba zaku iya girma hechtia daga tsire-tsire ba.
