Fasali na girma masara

Masara an yi girma ba kawai don manufar samun 'ya'yan itatuwa masu wadataccen abinci ba. Itataccen mai girma, wanda ya kai mita uku a tsayi, kayan ado ne na gaske. Babban abu shine sanin da bin ka'idodin fasahar kere kere.

Zabi wani wuri don ƙasa

Lokacin zabar shafi don masara mai girma, ya kamata a ba da fifiko ga wuraren da ke da kariya daga iska. A kasar gona ya zama haske, matsakaici m. Ana wadatar dasu da farko tare da ma'adinai, takin gargajiya. Kafin dasa masara akan nauyi, ƙasa mai ruɓi, an toka su, ƙazamar ruwa da kuma samar da magudanar ruwa. Wurin zama na al'ada dole ne a canza shi kowace shekara 3. Masu haɓaka masara na iya zama dankali, kabeji, legumes, tumatir. Ta yi kyau sosai tare da zucchini da kabewa.

Ba za ku iya shuka masara kai tsaye bayan gero ba. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar kwaro don gama gari - asu na masara.

Shiri na tsaba don shuka

Zabi na iri yana bukatar kulawa ta musamman. Yawancin aiki zai dogara da wannan. Don shuka ɗaukar manyan hatsi, wanda babu wata 'lalacewa. Sannan ana gwada su don haɓakawa, sanya mintuna 5 a cikin maganin gishiri na 5%. Don dasa, hatsi kawai aka zaunar da su sun dace.

Mataki na gaba shine suturar iri, wanda ya wajaba don kare cututtuka. Mintuna 7, an sanya hatsi cikin bayani na musamman. Zai iya zama maganin kashe kwari, hydrogen peroxide. Mafi yawan lambu amfani da rauni potassium permanganate bayani don pickling. Zai yuwu ya lalata ƙwayar hatsi ta hanyar gudanar da aikin hydrothermal - bi da bi, ana narke shi a cikin zafi (har zuwa 50 ° C) ko a cikin ruwan sanyi. Dukkanin aikin yana wuce minti 20.

Preparationasa shiri

Tun daga faɗuwar, sun fara shirya wani wuri don dasa masara. Tona ƙasa zuwa zurfin 30 cm yayin da suke gabatar da taki iri ɗaya, takin ko peat a cikin nauyin 8 kilo 1 a kowace m.

Tsarin gargajiya na masara suna ba da gudummawa ga ci gabanta, suna taimakawa wajen ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasa. Don haɓaka juriya daga tsirrai zuwa fari, ana ƙara takin zamani mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyin zinc da molybdenum. A cikin bazara, kafin shuka iri, ana kula da ƙasa tare da herbicides waɗanda ke lalata ciyayi. Daga nan sai su haƙa shi, suna wadatar da shi da takaddun takaddun da ke haifar da haɓaka. Suna yin takin potash (20 g a 1 m²) da takin nitrogen (25 g a 1 m²). M kasa za a calcified ta amfani da 3 kilogiram na lemun tsami ga kowane 10 m².

Fasahar shuka

Dasa tsaba ana aiwatar da su ne a cikin shiri, tare da maganin kashe kwari da wadatar abinci tare da kasar gona. Lokaci don shuka ya bambanta daga yanki. A cikin unguwannin bayan gari na Moscow, ana iya dasa masara tun daga 25 Mayu Soilasa ta kamata ta yi zafi har zuwa 10⁰С da sama. Masara itace tsire-tsire na thermophilic kuma yana haƙuri da kowane yanayin zafin jiki mai zafi sosai.

An yi alama a kan gado, yana nuna wuraren ramuka masu zuwa, tazara tsakanin wanda ya kamata ya zama akalla cm 70. Kowane zurfin shine cm 9. A wannan yanayin, tsarin tushen haɓaka ba zai tsoma baki tare da tsire-tsire masu maƙwabta ba. An sanya tsaba a nesa na 30 cm daga juna.

Ana shuka masara a gadaje da yawa dake kusa da nan. Wannan yana samar da ingantacciyar hanyar share fage.

Hakanan ana amfani da hanyar saukar da ƙasa. An sanya tsaba guda 4 a cikin rami na daban, zurfin wanda yake kusan cm 12. Har zuwa 400 g na kwayoyin an zuba a ƙasa. Bayan dasa shuki da tsaba a saman, suna mulched da peat. Yawan shuka masara ya banbanta da iri, hanyar shuka, girman iri. A matsakaita, ana buƙatar kilogram 20 na hatsi a kowace hectare.

'Yayan itace

A cikin yankuna na arewacin, inda bazara ta zo latti, ana noma masara ta amfani da shuka. Shuka tsaba ne da za'ayi a dakin da zazzabi a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. An dasa hatsi ɗaya ko biyu a cikin kofuna waɗanda peat cike da substrate zuwa zurfin of 3 cm Ana zuba saman yashi 1 cm a saman. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 20 daga lokacin da aka shuka iri, ana iya dasa shuki zuwa cikin ƙasa buɗe. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ka mai da hankali ga tsarin zazzabi. Juyin mulki yana gudana ne kawai lokacin da aka tsayar da tsaftataccen yanayi. Don karewa daga yanayin sanyi, kowane tsire-tsire za a iya rufe shi da wuyan wuya daga kwalban filastik, wanda ke ba da sakamako na greenhouse.

Siffofin Kulawa

Masara yayi saurin girma bayan kumburin farko ya bayyana akan shuka. A farkon farkon fure, girma ya kai 12 cm kowace rana. Sannan saurin girma ya tsaya, kuma dukkanin rundunoni suna sadaukar da kai ga samuwar kunnuwa. Mafi yawa ga masara, dasa da kuma kulawa a cikin filin budewa ana yin su a cikin hanyar kamar sauran amfanin gona na gona. Don kula da amfanin gona yana buƙatar:

Watse. Duk da gaskiyar cewa shuka tana da tsayayyar fari, fari za'a iya samun ingantaccen girbi na 'ya'yan itace kawai ta hanyar samar da danshi. Ana buƙatar wadataccen ruwa a lokaci na ganye 9, na gaba - a lokacin fure, to, lokacin hatsi.
Yanawa. Domin ƙarin Tushen ya bayyana a cikin shuka, ƙasa a tsakanin layuka ya kamata a kwance bayan kowace ruwa ko ruwan sama. A karo na farko ana yin wannan kafin fitowar seedlings. A wannan yanayin, ana aiwatar da loosening zuwa zurfin ba fiye da 4 cm ba, don kada ku lalata tsaba.
Manyan miya. Noma masara a cikin kasar ba zai yuwu ba tare da gabatarwar lokaci na hadi. Na farko ana aiwatar da shi tare da cikakken bayani na Lignohumate. Ana bred a cikin kudi of 2 tablespoons a kowace lita 10 na ruwa. An ƙara lita ɗaya na mafita a cikin shuka ɗaya. Lokacin da farayu na farko suka bayyana, ana aiwatar da miya na gaba. An shirya maganin don shi - 15 g na ammonium nitrate, 20 g na potassium, 40 g na superphosphate suna diluted a cikin 10 l na ruwa. A lokacin sarrafa cobs, ana yin takin ta hanyar amfani da takin zamani - maganin korin -ola.

Fasahar noman masara tana da halaye na kanta. Tall mai tushe ya girma a yankin da iska ke buƙatar kewayawa. Kari akan haka, ya zama dole a cire matakai masu tasowa, a daina barin kunnuwa sama da uku a dunkule daya.

Sanin duk ƙwaƙƙwaran yadda ake shuka masara a cikin ɗakunan rani, tare da iyakar ƙoƙari da kulawa, zaku iya samun kyakkyawan amfanin gona mai daɗi, m, 'ya'yan itatuwa mara kyau na yau da kullun.