Daga cikin katako, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a ƙirar manyan yankuna, itacen oak yana da matsayi na musamman. Duk wani itacen oak, tsire-tsire ne wanda ke jan hankalin ido nan da nan. Amma ko da a tsakanin 'yan uwan, dutsen itacen oak yana da alama musamman sadaka. Manyan masu girma dabam, kyakkyawa mai ban sha'awa na duka akwati da kambi, kayan tarihi na daɗaɗaɗɗen tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa sun bambanta shi daga manyan amfanin gona na itace. Wannan giant ɗin yana girma ba shekarun da suka gabata ba, amma ƙarni, kuma bayan shekara ɗari biyar zai iya yin ado da shirye-shiryenku har ma da shekaru 10 bayan dasa shi.
Rock Oak. Ono Leonora EnkingTsohon kyakkyawa na dutsen itacen oak
M, ko wales itacen oak (Yankin murabba), mun kuma sani a ƙarƙashin sunan Sagittarius itacen oak - inji shine almara kuma an lasafta shi da amfanin gona mai daɗin gaske. A cikin yanayin, yana samar da gauraye masu tsiro daban-daban da kuma itacen oak, sigar haɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa ce ta filayen Scandinavia da filayen Ingila, ana samun su a cikin dukkan reshen Turai na Rasha. Wannan katuwar, wanda ake ganin kamanninsa a matsayin marhabin da na gargajiya. Zai yi wuya a hango wani filin shakatawa mai cikakken tsari ba tare da itacen oak na dutse ba, amma wannan bai hana shi ci gaba da matsayin wata itaciya mai mahimmanci na gonar ba. Tabbas, yana da matukar wahala a sami itace daidai a yanayin yanayi. A yanayi, dutse mai kariya yana da kariya: saboda gaskiyar cewa dabbobi suna cinye shi, tsirrai ba sa haifarwa ta hanyar shuka-kai kuma yana buƙatar a saje shi a cikin gandun daji ko firiji don fadada kewayonsa.
Dutsen oaks suna da ƙarfi, manyan bishiyoyi, suna kaiwa matsakaicin tsawo na mita 30. A cikin kananan bishiyoyi, kambi yana da mamaki na yau da kullun, siriri, tsallake. Amma itacen oak cikin hanzari ya bayyana ainihin halayensa, canza tsauraran sharudda don zagaye-ƙyalli, mai marmari, kambi mara nauyi, wanda ba za a iya kiran shi ba kamar hoto. Tare da shekaru, an bayyana kututturen, rassan sun tashi mafi girma, a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren, kuma a shekaru masu yawa - yawanci a tsakiyar rassan. Wannan itacen itacen oak da alama yana '' sarari sarari '' don ya fi dacewa ya huta a ƙarƙashinsa. A hankali, zaitun-mai launin ruwan ƙasa mai santsi ya zama an rufe shi da bakin ciki, ba kamar fasa mai zurfi kamar na itacen oak ba. Dutsen itacen oak mai dutse yana sa wannan itacen ya zama mai sauƙin ganewa. Samun 12 cm tsayi, ganye mai zurfi, obovate ganye ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i na 5-9 na lobes, mafi yawan lokuta duka fiye da m yatsa. mafi tsayi ruwan wukake suna tsakiyar tsakiyar farantin. Ganyayyaki zauna a kan yanke tare da tsawon 2 to 3 cm, tushe ba notched, amma taso keya ko weji-dimbin yawa.
Katunan furanni na itacen oak. Li Lliam RooneyAmma babban bambanci tsakanin itacen oak da itacen oak na har yanzu yana cikin fure da tsari na itacen fari. 'Yan kunne tare da furanni masu bayyana, sannan' yan acorns ba su zauna akan itace ba, amma akan “gajerun kafafu” ko ma twigs. Wannan itace itacen oak fure a watan Mayu da Yuni, batawa haske a cikin haske kore-rawaya na inflorescences. Fruitsa fruitsan asali na asali - na almara na almara - ba su da ban sha'awa, duk da cewa mun saba da mu. A kan rassa, da alama suna ɓoye ɓoyayyu.
Siffofin ado da nau'ikan itacen oak
Duk da kyakkyawa da gindin tushe, a yau kuma ana jan hankali zuwa nau'ikan kayan ado da nau'ikan itacen oak:
- nau'in kuka na Pendula, wanda rassan da ke jujjuyawa suna ba da izuwa gaɓar katako;
- wani nau'in itacen oak da ke da daɗi na dutse mai ban sha'awa da ke da duhu tare da ganye mai duhu wanda aka rufe da tsarin farin;
- nau'in zinari na aurea, wanda launin rawaya na yara matasa ya mamaye duk lokacin bazara "yana nuna" a cikin lambun (sannan launi ya canza zuwa kore mai duhu);
- ana aure kamar-dutse na itacen oak purpurea, wanda a ciki kwayayen ganye ana zana launin shuɗi, amma a wannan karon mai launin ja-ja, amma sai ya zama duhu kore;
- na musamman cikin kyawawan ganyayyaki, wani nau'in laciniata mai tsage-tsalle tare da kunkuntar, lobes mai zurfi waɗanda ba sa hayewa, amma tare da ruwan ganye;
- har ma da asalin itacen olong na dutse mai zurfin gaske tare da ƙananan lobes uku kawai akan farantin ganye;
- da medlar-kamar nau'i na mespilifolia, a cikin abin da verdure da gaske yayi kama da ganyen medlar.
Misalin-medon kamar dutse na itacen oak (Quercus petraea mespilifolia). © Jean-Pol GRANDMONTKamar kusan kowane itacen oak, dutse yana da siffofin halitta na farko da na ƙarshe waɗanda zasu iya yin fure a watan Afrilu kuma a watan Mayu kaɗai, waɗanda suka bambanta da yanayin ciyayi. Siffofin ado suna da kammalu kamar na ƙattai na duniya.
Amfani da dutsen itacen oak a cikin aikin lambu na ado
Rock Oak - regal, mai girma da kuma kyakkyawan giant. Kuma kamar kowane wakilin babban bishiyoyi na arboreal, tare da shekaru, ba wai kawai ya tashi zuwa tsayi ba, har ma yana ƙara ƙara yawan gangar jikin da faɗin kambi, bai dace da ƙananan lambuna ba. Tare da banda guda ɗaya - siffar pendula da sanyawa azaman babban itacen iyali a kusurwar makircin. Tasirin wannan itacen mai marmari a gonar yana da tsafi kawai: tsohuwar bishiyoyi ta zama, yayin da suke nuna yanayin su. Suna jawo hankulan idanu, kuma duk da girman girman su, basu ɓoye sarari ba, amma suna ba da girma, zurfi, faɗaɗawa, da kuma jaddada yanayin mai launi. Suna da alama sun mai da gonar su zama babbar filin shakatawa ko gandun daji, ta hanyar mu'ujiza suna canza zanen wurin.
Rock Oak cikakke ne:
- ƙirƙirar malls;
- azaman “itacen iyali” guda ɗaya;
- ƙirƙirar manyan tsararru da ƙungiyoyi;
- a matsayin bishiyar bango;
- ƙirƙirar babban wurin nishaɗi a cikin inuwa a manyan yankuna;
- azaman mahimman mahimmancin gine-gine a manyan wurare.
Dutsen oaks ɗaya ne daga cikin mafi kyawun arboreal don rawar itacen itace, ƙirƙirar yankin nishaɗi mai cike da walƙiya. Wantsaya daga cikin yana son zama a ƙarƙashin tsohuwar itacen oak na irin wannan; suna da kyau don ƙirƙirar benci masu kewaye da ke kewaye da gangar jikin.
Rock Oak (Quercus petraea). © Justin DavisYanayin Roka Oak
Abu ne mai wahala ka sami itace kamar mara fasali da daidaitawa kamar ta itacen oak. Yana da ikon yin girma a kusan kowane yanayi, kodayake koyaushe ya kai ga mafi kyawun kyakkyawarsa akan matsakaici mai-matsakaici ko bushewa, matsakaici-mai gina jiki ko ƙasa mai saurin gaske, wanda ya ba shi damar hanzarta girma a cikin matashi. Yana da hoto hoto mai ban tsoro.
Rock Oak Shuka
Lokacin dasa dutsen itacen oak, kuna buƙatar la'akari da cewa zai kasance da sauri ya mamaye duk yankin da aka ba shi. Tushen tushen yana girma da farko kuma a cikin 'yan shekaru itacen oak zai kama ƙasa da take buƙata na ɗaruruwan shekaru na namo. Ganin cewa kambi zai yi girma shekaru da yawa.
Youngeraramin da seedling, da mafi tsananin kana bukatar ka zaɓi lokaci na dasa. Yana da kyau don dasa samfuran matasa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin itacen oak da wuri-wuri a cikin bazara, wanda ya sa karɓa da tushen tsarin ya ƙare tun kafin a fara kumbura da ganyayyaki. Kafin dasawa a cikin tsire-tsire sama da shekaru 2, tsararran da aka samo daga tsaba suna rage tushen tsakiyar zuwa 15-20 cm daga wurin da aka shuka (har ma a shekara ta biyu, ragowar har yanzu suna bayyane). Don shekara-shekara seedlings da grafted oaks, rage ba a da za'ayi. Ba tare da takaitawa ba, za a iya tura itacen oak zuwa sabon wuri kawai tare da cikakken adana tsarin tushen
Oak ana shuka shi cikin ramuka daidai da girman tushen tsarin. A kan m kasa, da lokacin farin ciki malalewa Layer (amma ba fiye da 20 cm) dole ne a dage farawa a kasan da rami saukowa. Tushen wuyan itacen oak ya kamata ya kasance daidai da ƙasa (yin la'akari da hazo).
M itacen oak a cikin fall. © GabyRock Oak Kula
A zahiri, ƙananan tsire-tsire ne kawai, kuma musamman kawai kaffarar itace da seedlings, suna buƙatar kulawa. Yana da kyau don kare matasa plantings daga weeds da kuma gudanar da wani aikin ba da ruwa ban ruwa yayin fari. Idan ba tare da irin wannan kulawa ba, sprouts din za su haɗu a hankali. Wata daya da rabi kafin daidaitaccen kwanakin ganyen ganye ya faɗi, har ma da bishilan itacen oak mai rauni, an dakatar da hana ruwa, saboda tsire-tsire bazai shirya sosai ba don hunturu. Don hanzarta ci gaba, mutum zai iya samar da riguna 1 na sama tare da cikakken takin ma'adinai a shekara, amma yawanci ba a buƙatar su don itacen oak har ma da ƙuruciya. Bayan shekaru 3-4, itacen oaks baya ruwa kuma baya ciyarwa, amfani da ƙwanƙwasa ciyawa, mulching ko dasa murfin ƙasa ana amfani da shi azaman matakan motsa jiki.
Rock Oak Wintering
Wannan nau'in itacen oak ana ɗaukar ƙananan Hardy fiye da na yau da kullun, amma wannan bayanin ya shafi matasa harbe kawai. A cikin farkon shekaru biyu na namo a yankuna tare da matsanancin winters, yana da kyau don kare itacen oak akalla tare da earthenware da mulching, yana daidaita zafin jiki. Single seedlings ne mafi kyau ana kariya a farkon winters tare da wani kayan abu ko spruce rassan. Oaks zama musamman Hardy tare da shekaru.
Rock Oak Bar. Len Glenn MacLeodKwaro da Cututtuka
Duk da yanayin dabi'ar sa, Oak baya cikin itacen da ya ci gaba. Treesaƙaman bishiyoyi kan sha wahala sauƙaƙe sosai a mildew. Oaks na mutane suna iya zama da jijiyoyin wuya, cututtukan kansa, cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, daɗaɗɗa, amma yawancin lokuta ana samun wadatattun leda a cikin itacen oak - a cikin ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi-kamar 1 cm a diamita suna haɓaka kamar berries, ɓoye ɓarnar lardi ko kwari. Lokacin da alamun cutar suka bayyana, yana da kyau a fara spraying tare da kwari da cututtukan fungicides nan da nan.
Rock Oak Kiwo
Wannan itacen oak kuma ana iya girma daga tsaba. Suna riƙe da sa'afin har sai lokacin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, kar a yi haƙuri da ajiya a cikin ɗakuna kuma a cikin yanayin bushewa. Pre-jiyya an rage zuwa bushe da tsaba a cikin mako guda bayan tarin da ajiya a cikin m sanyi yanayi. Kafin seeding, kuna buƙatar bincika acorns. A waje, ba shi yiwuwa a gano ingancin su. Don bincika, an buɗe itacen oyo da yawa, suna bincika ko akwai raye, rawaya ko ja-mai ciki. Zaku iya bincika tsawan dutsen itacen oak ta narke cikin ruwa (tsoffin itacen ɓoye suna tasowa). Don sauƙaƙe tsarin, lokaci-lokaci yi amfani da hanyar tattara germinating acorns nan da nan bayan an tattara dusar ƙanƙara, wanda zai ba ku damar samun tabbataccen tsaba. A wannan yanayin, zai fi kyau dasa shuki acorns nan da nan, kuma ba don kiyaye su cikin yanayin zafi da sanyin sanyi ba.
Rock itacen oak da aka haɓaka a kan reshe. An jeanlouis-romandAna iya shuka iri na itacen oak ko dai ba da daɗewa ba bayan girbi, ko kuma a adana su a cikin yashi mai laushi har sai an dasa shuki (a zazzabi na kusan digiri 0 ko sama kaɗan). Zai fi kyau yin shuka a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa (germination har zuwa 90%), zurfafawa daga 5-6 cm don dasa kaka da 2-3 cm a cikin bazara da tabbatar da danshi na harhaɗa har zuwa lokacin shuka. A cikin kaka shuka na sabo acorns, dasa ne da za'ayi a gaban farkon frosts kuma koyaushe a gaban dusar ƙanƙara. Spring - nan da nan bayan narkar da dusar ƙanƙara da narkewar ƙasa. Dutse itacen oak mai kyau an fi sanya shi a cikin furrows a nesa na 20-25 cm tsakanin layuka, yana shimfidawa ba sau da yawa, tare da nisan kusan 7-10 cm tsakanin tsaba. Ana matse ciyawar a cikin ƙasa, an rufe shi da ƙasa daga sama ba tare da haɗa kuɗi ba. Ba lallai ba ne don jin tsoron rashin alamun alamun girma: na farko, tushen tushe mai ƙarfi yana haɓakawa a cikin itacen oak, kuma kawai sai - tushe. Saboda haka, aiwatar da shuka yana ɗaukar sama da wata daya, kuma yana iya shimfiɗa tsawon lokacin da yawa. Za'a iya canja wurin harbe har zuwa wani wuri na dindindin tun yana ɗan shekara ɗaya, amma yana da kyau a girma a kan dogo har zuwa shekara ta biyu, a canza shi zuwa makarantu na shekara guda don samun ƙarin tushen m sannan kuma a dasa a kan wurin dindindin.
Kuna iya yaduwar dutsen itacen oak da itace. Bayan jiyya tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka a cikin yanayin yanayin kore, babu tushen? na kowane iri, amma tsire-tsire suna haɓaka da sauri fiye da waɗanda aka samo daga tsaba.
