A herbaceous perennial shuka Physostegia (Physostegia) wakilin cikin iyali Labiaceae ko Lamiaceae. Dangane da bayanan da aka karɓa daga kafofin daban-daban, wannan asalin ya haɗo nau'ikan 3-12. Ana iya samun irin waɗannan tsire-tsire a cikin daji a Arewacin Amurka. Sunan Physostegia ya fito ne daga kalmomin Helenanci 2, waɗanda suka fassara a matsayin "kumfa" da "murfi", wanda ke da alaƙa da kofin fure yana da sifar kumbura. Saboda wannan fasalin na shuka, ana kuma kiranta "maƙaryacin maciji na ƙarya". 'Yan lambu suna noma nau'in daya ne kawai - da yarinyar Physostegia.
Abubuwan Physostegia
Irin wannan ba sosai m perennial shuka a matsayin physostegia zai iya samar da lokacin farin ciki labule. Tsawon tetrahedral mai ƙarfi mai kafaɗa mai tushe na iya bambanta daga 0.6 zuwa 1.2 m. Wurin zama a gefen faranti mai haɗawa tare da lanceolate ko siffar da aka yi amfani da ita suna da gurɓataccen gefen. Tsawon lokacin karuwar inflorescences yakai kimanin 0.3 m; sun kunshi furanni bilobate, wadanda yawanci bisexual ne, amma kuma marasa daidaituwa. Launin furanni fari fari ne, shunayya, ruwan hoda, ko kuma lilac. Kamshin da ke fitowa daga garesu yana taimakawa wajen jan kudan zuma zuwa gonar. Itace tayi fure a tsakiyar lokacin bazara, kuma itace kawai a watan Satumba. Fruitan itacen ƙaramin goro ne.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, physostegia a cikin gonar ana shuka shi a cikin ba manya-manyan kungiyoyi kusa da waƙoƙin ba. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka wannan shuka tare da kewaye na gonar tare da shingen falin, an cika shi ta wuraren tafkuna ko maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, har ila yau ana girma a cikin mahaɗa. Irin wannan fure ana bada shawarar dasa shi tare da echinacea, thuja, juniper, phlox, dahlias da dwarf spruce. Tsirrai da shuka kwayar halitta suna cikin ikon kowa da kowa.
Girma na physiostegia daga tsaba
Shuka
Tsarin Physostegia ana shuka shi sosai. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana shuka su a cikin ƙasa bude nan da nan bayan girbi. Irin wannan fure yana da ikon yada kansa da kansa. Tare da babban marmarin, yana yiwuwa a yi girma physostegia ta hanyar shuka, musamman idan kana son samun sabon iri-iri. Shuka tsaba don shuka yana gudana a cikin Maris. Ya kamata a canja amfanin gona zuwa gonar kore.
Shuka seedlings
Na farko za a iya ganin seedlings na farko kwanaki 14 bayan shuka. Kuna buƙatar kulawa da ƙwayar irin wannan fure a daidai kamar yadda shuka kusan kowane shuka na shuka. Watering ne yake aikata kawai bayan saman Layer na substrate ta kafe. A yayin da ɓawon burodi ya bayyana a kan cakuda ƙasa, to lallai zai zama dole a kwance shi a hankali. Seedlings bukatar kariya daga daftarin kuma kai tsaye haskoki na rana.
Zaba
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suna da farantin ganye na gaske na biyu, zasu buƙaci ɗaukar su. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire masu yada ya kamata ya zama daga 7 zuwa 10 santimita. Makonni biyu kafin ranar da aka shirya dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ya kamata ka yi tasirin su. Don yin wannan, dole ne a canza jigilar seedlings zuwa kullun zuwa titi, a hankali kara tsawon lokacin zaman su a cikin sabon iska har sai an daidaita shi da sabon yanayin.
Dasa physiostegia a bude take
Wani lokaci zuwa ƙasa
Physostegia seedlings ana dasa shi zuwa cikin ƙasa bude a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu ko na farko - a watan Yuni. Irin wannan fure ba shi da ma'ana ga yanayin girma. A wannan batun, don saukowarsa, zaku iya zaɓar duka mai amfani da hasken da yanki mai inuwa. A kasar gona ya zama m, sako-sako da kuma cikakken tare da humus. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa yana iya riƙe ruwa da kyau. Loamy, yashi ƙasa loamy ko chernozem yayi kyau.
Yadda ake shuka
Tsakanin tsire-tsire ya lura da nisa daga santimita 25-30. Physostegia yana da rhizome mai saurin girma, wanda zai iya watsa sauran furanni daga shafin. Don kauce wa wannan, dole ne a yi wani tsari na hanawa yayin sauka. Don haka, ana iya shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin kwantena, wanda zai iyakance haɓakar rhizomesrsu, alal misali, zaku iya amfani da wani tsohuwar bututun ko guga ba tare da tushe ba. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a haƙa ƙarfin gwargwadon iko wanda daga saman ƙasansa zuwa farfajiyar shafin akwai tsararren ƙasa 20-50 mm lokacin farin ciki. Hakanan a mafi yawan lokuta ana yin shinge da aka yi da ƙarfe, silin, filastik ko katako kusa da kewaye na flowerbed, yayin da zanen gado yana buƙatar binne shi a cikin ƙasa ta 0.3-0.4 m.
Kula da physiostegia a cikin lambun
Domin physostegia don yayi girma da kuma ci gaba, dole ne a shayar da shi bisa tsari, bayan wannan hanya, ana kwance farfajiyar kasar tare tare da cire ciyawar. Shafin yakamata a rufe shi da wani yanki na ciyawa, samar da shuka da kayan miya da suka dace, da kuma kariya daga kwari da cututtuka da kuma shirin hunturu.
Wannan fure ne mai yawan gaske hygrophilous. A wannan batun, a lokacin bushewa dole ne a shayar da shi a kan kari. A yayin taron cewa ana ruwa a hankali a lokacin bazara, physiostegia na iya yin ba tare da an sha ruwa ba. Kuna buƙatar cire ciyawa da sassauta farfajiyar ƙasa bayan kowace ruwan sama ko ruwa. Don sauƙaƙe kulawar physiostegia, ana bada shawara don cika farfajiyar maƙarƙashiya tare da ciyawar ciyawa (humus ko peat), a wannan yanayin, yawan weeding, loosening da watering za a rage sosai.
Idan ƙasa ta cika da abinci mai gina jiki, to ana shirya ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sau 1 kawai a kowace kakar kuma ana amfani da takin ma'adinai mai ruwa-ruwa don wannan. Dole ne a sanya riguna masu kyau a cikin tare da ruwa. An bada shawara don ciyar da irin wannan shuka kafin fure.
Physostegia Sake bugun
Wannan fure za'a iya yada shi ba kawai ta hanyar tsaba ba, har ma da hanyar ciyayi, wato: rarraba rhizome ko daji, layering, kazalika da yan itace. An bada shawara don raba daji a cikin bazara (kafin shuka fure) ko a ƙarshen lokacin bazara (a ƙarshen fure). Koyaya, wasu yan lambu sun raba daji kai tsaye lokacin fure kuma delensa ya ɗauki tushe sosai, amma a wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a yanke duk inflorescences daga shuka. Cire daji daga ƙasa ka yanke sashinta. An cigaba da shi zuwa sassa da yawa. Delenki ya kamata a dasa su a cikin kamar yadda shuka.
A cikin makonni na bazara na farko, zaku iya ƙoƙarin yadu da physiostegia ta yanke. Ana yin girbin girke-girken ne kafin shuka tsintsiya, yayin da tsayin su ya zama daga 10 zuwa 12 santimita. Kowane rike yakamata ya sami nau'i biyu na buds. Don tushen tushe, ana shuka su a cikin yashi mai laushi, wanda akwatin ko akwati ya cika. Dole a cire kwandon a wuri mai inuwa. Yankunan zasuyi hunturu a cikin daki mai sanyi, kuma da farkon lokacin bazara zasu buƙaci tura su zuwa gado. Zai yuwu ku dasa shuki a cikin m wuri kawai bayan wani shekara 1.
A wata isasshen nesa daga mahaifa mai shuka, yan itace tare da rosettes suna girma, yayin hana furanni girma a cikin unguwar ba ya faruwa. Ya kamata a haƙa su kuma dasa shi cikin wani wuri mai inuwa. Kafin a sauya jigilar jigilar jigilar kayayyaki zuwa wani wuri na dindindin, dole ne a girma su har shekara 1
A cikin kaka, rhizomes sun kasu. Raba fari trimmings ƙasar a kan m wuri. Suna tushen sosai, amma yana ɗaukar lokaci kaɗan fiye da tushen yadudduka. Ka tuna cewa lokacin yada physiostegia ta hanyar rarraba daji, rhizome ko layering, kasar gona kusa da tsire-tsire ya kamata ya kasance mai laushi akai-akai, amma ba m.
Juyawa
A shekara ta biyu ko ta uku na rayuwa, physostegia ya sami bayyanar mafi inganci. Ba tare da dasawa ba, ana iya girma ba zai wuce shekaru 5 ba. Sannan an cire bushes daga ƙasa, aka rarrabu aka dasa shi a sababbin wurare. Canza physostegia kuma kula dashi a wannan lokacin ya zama iri ɗaya daidai lokacin da ake fara saukowa. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yawan ruwa, kuma gogaggen lambu kuma suna bayar da shawarar nan da nan cika farfajiyar maƙarƙashiya tare da ciyawa.
Cutar da kwari
Irin wannan shuka yana da matukar juriya ga cututtuka da kwari. Koyaya, aphids na iya zama wani lokacin akan daji. Don hallaka irin wannan ƙwayar cuta mai cutarwa, ya kamata ku fesa bushes tare da Biotlin, Antitlin, Actellik ko wata ƙwayar da aka tsara don magance irin waɗannan kwari.
Idan ruwa ya tsaurara tsare a cikin ƙasa, to, inji na iya haifar da cutar fungal. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a fesa shi da fungicide da wuri-wuri.
Physostegia bayan fure
Tarin iri
A cikin kofuna waɗanda ke kasan bracts manyan tsaba ne na fata mai launi iri. A cikin iska mai ƙarfi za su iya faɗo kan shafin. Ana aiwatar da tarin zuriya daga kwanakin ƙarshe na watan Agusta har zuwa farkon Oktoba. Sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a bushe tsaba, saboda wannan suna buƙatar shimfiɗa shi a cikin ɗakara da iska mai kyau tare da ƙarancin zafi. Ana iya adana tsaba mai bushe.
Yadda ake shirya domin hunturu
A yankuna da kasashen da ke da sauyin yanayi mai sauƙin yanayi da kuma dumin ruwan sanyi, alal misali, Moldova, Ukraine, ɓangaren kudancin Rasha, ba za ku iya ɓoye physiostegia na hunturu ba, tunda tana da juriya mai tsananin sanyi. Koyaya, idan ana shuka wannan tsiro a cikin yankin mai tsananin sanyi, to, dole ne a shirya shi don lokacin hunturu. Da farko kuna buƙatar datsa harbe dajin zuwa girman 20 zuwa 50 millimita sama da ƙasa. Bayan wannan, shafin ya kamata a rufe shi da wani farin ciki Layer na sawdust, peat, bushe ganye, idan ake so, bushes kuma za a iya rufe rassan spruce.
Iri da nau'ikan physiostegia tare da hotuna da sunaye
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata a farkon labarin, 'yan lambu suna shuka nau'in 1 na irin wannan shuka - Budurwa Physostegia, gami da nau'ikanta da iri. Cikakken bayanin wannan nau'in zaka iya samo shi a sama. Iri da iri-iri waɗanda suka fi shahara tare da lambu:
- Alba. Bushes ya kai tsayin mita 0.8. A apical mai yawa inflorescences kunshi manyan furanni da wani farin launi.
- Variegata. Wannan nau’i ne na nau'ikan tsari. A tsayi, bushes zai iya kaiwa kimanin 0.9 mita, suna da harbe-harbe waɗanda ke da tsayayyun matsuguni. Wani farin kan iyaka yana wucewa gefen gefen ruwan ciyawar ganye. Launin furanni yana da ruwan hoda mai zurfi.
- Lokacin rani. Tsawon tsirrai ya kai kimanin 0.9 m. Launi na faranti ganye ne kore. Dusar kankara-fari furanni wani ɓangare ne na yanayin ƙyalƙyali.
- Lokacin rani. Motsin furanni masu tsayi sun kai kimanin 0.9 m. Launin furanni launin ruwan hoda mai zurfi ne, kuma ganyen kore ne.
- Vivid. Tsawon daji bai wuce m karfe 0.6 ba .. Launin furanni launin ruwan hoda mai haske ne, kuma ganye mai launin kore ne.
- Yankin Bouquet. Tsawon tsirrai na iya kaiwa har zuwa mita 1. A fentin furanni a cikin launi mai kyau na lilac, kuma ganyayen kore ne.
- Sarauniya ruwan hoda. Tsawon daji yakai kimanin 0.7 m .. furanni ruwan hoda sune ɓangarorin inflorescences masu kwalliya.
