Ganyen tsiro mai tsiro na herbaceous mikaniya (Mikania) tana da dangantaka kai tsaye ga dangin Compositae. Ya zo daga Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
A gida, masu noman fure suna yin irin shuka iri ɗaya kawai - uku-nuna (Mikania ternata). Wannan tsire-tsire na herbaceous shine perennial. A cikin samfuran matasa, harbe suna madaidaiciya, amma tare da shekaru sun zama matsuguni. An girma a matsayin shuka na ampel, don wannan suna amfani da kwanduna na musamman, kuma zaku iya kunsa mai tushe akan tallafin. Fihiran faranti-hadaddun faranti sun kunshi rhombic kashi biyar. Ganyen ganye a saman shine mafi girma, saboda haka tsayinsa yakai santimita 5. Kuma ganye 2, waɗanda ke tsakiyar, suna da tsawon santimita 2.5-3, da ƙananan 2 na ƙasa - 1.5-2 santimita. Farfajiyar faranti na ganye ne mai karammuttwa kuma akwai recesses tare da gefuna, an fentin petioles a launi mai launin shuɗi. Fuskokin gabannin yana da launin koren duhu mai duhu kuma akwai jan veins waɗanda ke gudana tare da jijiya, kuma gefen da ba daidai ba yana da shunayya.
Kulawar Gida
Haske
Yana buƙatar haske mai haske, amma a lokaci guda ya kamata ya shimfiɗa. Hakanan, shuka yana buƙatar haskoki kai tsaye na yamma ko rana. A cikin hunturu, hasken wuta ya kamata ya kasance mai haske.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Mafi yawan zafin jiki mafi dacewa don girma shine matsakaici. Don haka, a lokacin bazara ya kamata ya kasance daga digiri 18 zuwa 20, kuma a cikin hunturu - kimanin digiri 14-15. A lokaci guda, tabbatar cewa dakin ba shi da sanyi fiye da digiri 12. Yana buƙatar samun iska mai tsari.
Haushi
Irin wannan shuka kawai yana buƙatar zafi mai ƙarfi, amma yana da daraja a tuna cewa ba shi yiwuwa a jika ɗanɗano daga mai toya. Saukad da tattara akan saman ganye bayan fesawa suna taimakawa bayyanar aibobi, wanda hakan ke haifar da bayyanar fure. Don haɓaka yanayin iska da kula da kwalliyar shuka, kuna buƙatar zuba yumɓu mai yumɓu a cikin babban katako ko saka sphagnum kuma ku zuba ruwa mai yawa ba. A lokaci guda, tabbatar cewa kasan tukunyar bata shiga cikin ruwa ba.
Yadda ake ruwa
A lokacin rani, yawan ruwa wajibi ne, yayin da tabbatar da cewa kasar gona a koyaushe dan kadan moistened (ba rigar). Koyaya, yakamata a sami matsewar ruwa a cikin ƙasa. A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar ruwa kaɗan. Don haka, ana yin ruwa kawai bayan ƙasa a cikin tukunya ya bushe sosai. Amma a lokaci guda, ka tabbata cewa babu cikakken bushewa daga cikin laimar ƙasa.
Manyan miya
Ana yin riguna da yawa a cikin bazara da bazara 1 lokaci cikin makonni biyu. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin zamani mai ruwa mai ma'ana, saboda ya ƙunshi phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium a cikin adadin. Don takin, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar mafita mafi rauni mafi sau 2 ko sau 3 daga wanda aka ba da shawarar akan kunshin.
Siffofin Juyawa
Juyawa yana gudana ne a cikin bazara. Matasa samfurori suna fuskantar wannan hanya sau ɗaya a shekara, kuma manya - sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2 ko 3. Don shirya cakuda ƙasa, kuna buƙatar haɗa takardar da ƙasa turf, da yashi da peat a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1. Hakanan ya dace da siyan ƙasa baki ɗaya don tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin ado. Kar a manta yin kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa a kasan tanki.
Siffofin Yaduwa
Zaku iya yaduwar cutukan apical. A cikin bazara, yanke da apical cuttings. Sannan ana magance shi da wakili mai karfafawa, sannan kuma a dasa shi a kananan tukwane don dasa tushe. Dole ne a rufe kwantena da gilashin ko fim kuma a saka a wuri mai dumi (kimanin digiri 20). Kowace rana yakamata ku cire tsari don ɗan lokaci don samun iska. Ya kamata a ɗanɗaɗa ɗan ƙasa a koyaushe.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Thrips da jan gizo-gizo mites iya rayuwa a kan shuka. Kuma zai iya yin rashin lafiya tare da mildewy fari da fari rot.
Powdery mildew - wani farin-launin toka mai launin toka mai siffa mai rufi a saman ganye. A tabe hankali ya zama ya zama babba ya zama mai launin ruwan kasa. Ganyayyaki ya ja ya mutu. Wannan cuta mafi yawan lokuta tana bayyana a cikin ɗakuna da babban zafi, tare da zazzabi game da digiri 18-20 kuma tare da iska mai tsauri. Don kawar da wannan cutar, ya zama dole don aiwatar da magani tare da maganin kashe-kashe, maganin rigakafi (maganin penicillin + streptomycin 100 rafuna / ml). Bayan kwanaki 5-7, kuna buƙatar sake sarrafa fure.
Grey rot - irin wannan cuta fi son zafi da sanyin sanyi. A farfajiya na kamuwa da sassan furen, mai aibobi, siffofin ash-m launin toka. Abubuwan launin ruwan ƙasa suna bayyana a saman harbe da ganye ko kuma gefen faranti ganye fara launin ruwan kasa. Don kawar da irin wannan rot yana buƙatar samun iska mai tsari, haske mai haske da kuma kwance ɗakin. Bi da tare da mafita na tusheazole ko topsin-M.
Red gizo-gizo mite - shafin yanar gizo mai santsi ya bayyana tsakanin faranti, kuma aibobi shimfiɗa na farin zahiri sun bayyana akan farjin su. Irin wannan kwaro ya fi son zafi kaɗan. Ana buƙatar magani tare da maganin kashe kwari na gargajiya (Fufanon, Fitoverm, Actellik).
Thrips - wannan kwari ya fi son bushewa da iska mai daɗi. A ƙarshen farantin ganye, bunƙasa yana sanya yawancin ikon mallaka, yayin da ɗigon ɗigon haske yana fitowa a gefen gaba. A hankali, gaban gefen ganye ya sami launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da tintaccen azurfa. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar magani tare da ɗayan kwari mai zuwa: decis, intavir, phytoverm ko actellic.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
- Platinum Leafy yana fadada kuma harbe yayi yazuwa - rashin ingantaccen haske.
- Ofarshen ganyen ya zama bakin ciki da kuma samun launin ruwan ɗanɗano - karancin zafi.
- Canza juji ya zubad da dunƙule - ambaliya, kwararar ruwa a cikin ƙasa.
