Dankali ita ce amfanin gona da ke cinye abinci a cikin ƙasa. Wannan shi ne saboda rauni mai rauni na tushen tsarin shuka da kuma ƙashin sa mai ƙima sosai. Bugu da kari, bayan mun girbe, kasar gona ta lalace kuma ba ta da adadin abubuwan gina jiki da ake bukata. Dole ne su sake komawa ƙasa tare da sabon dasawa, in ba haka ba amfanin gona na gaba zai zama mafi muni. Hanyar ingantacciyar hanyar kara yawan kayan aiki shine aikace-aikacen takin zamani. Amma kuskuren yawancin lambu novice masu yawa shine takin lokacin fure dankali ko ciyawar su, kodayake a wannan lokacin tsirrai masu mahimmanci da ma'adanai ba zasu shuka su ba. Zai fi mahimmanci don zaɓin takin da ya dace don dankali lokacin dasa shuki a cikin rami, tunda amfanin gona da ingancinsa kai tsaye sun dogara da wannan. Dankali irin na Kadinal, Desnitsa, Bezhitsky, Lira, Zhukovsky an san su a matsayin mafi inganci da wadata a Rasha. Yanzu zaka iya sayan nau'ikan takin takin zamani a shirye-shiryen masana'antu, amma wasu yan lambu sunyi la'akari da ciyarwa, wanda aka shirya a gida, ba zai zama mai wadatarwa da tattalin arziƙi ba.
Abin da takin mai magani yake buƙata dankalin turawa lokacin dasa
Yawancin takin mai magani sun shafi rijiyoyin
Dankali wata al'ada ce da ke son ciyarwar da wahala. Yawancin lokaci suna haɗuwa da nitroammophoskos da azofoska, wato, abubuwan gina jiki daban-daban. A gefe guda, ana iya amfani da superphosphate. A cikin abubuwa na musamman, alal misali, a ƙarƙashin sunan Kemira Dankali, duk abubuwan da suka zama dole sai an haɗa su da kyau. Amma wannan abun da ke ciki yana da tsada mai tsada.
Mafi kyawun takin zamani don dankali shine kwayoyin. Ya ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki da wannan shuka ke buƙata. Waɗannan sun haɗa da abubuwan ganowa a cikin nau'i na cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, boron. Hakanan a cikin takin gargajiya akwai alli, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen. Wadannan abubuwa ana iya saukad da su cikin tushen dankali. Sakamakon haka, kasar gona a hankali take tara humus kuma ta samo kayan abinci masu mahimmanci ga tsirrai.
Kwayoyin halitta na iya raunana tasirin tasirin mai guba kan haɓakar dankali, har ma da ƙasan salim. Lokacin da aka lalata shi, carbon dioxide yana tarawa a cikin iska mai iska, wanda yake da tasiri a kan ci gaban lafiyar lafiyar 'yar ƙwaya. Shahararrun kayan suttura na gargajiya sune kankara, humus, takin zamani, sharar gida, kwararar tsuntsu.
Mafi saurin tasiri kan ci gaban dankalin turawa ana bayar da shi ta hanyar kwararayen kaza, wanda aka mai da hankali sosai. Amma sabo, ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi ba, saboda wannan zai haifar da ƙonewar tsire-tsire.
Kayan tsintsiya dole ne a gasa shi da ruwa a gwargwado na 1:15. Hakanan, dole ne a kiyaye jiko a kalla kwanaki 2 dumi. Don shayar da daji guda, ana buƙatar kimanin 1 lita na jiko.
Don tubers, ana buƙatar potassium a matsayin ƙarin ma'adinai. Ana iya amfani da ash ash don wannan. Yana da mahimmanci musamman ga dankali, saboda ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa da aka gano, alli, potassium da phosphorus. Wadannan abubuwan sunadarai suna da mahimmanci don cikakken ci gaban tubers.
Ya danganta da yawan amfanin gona na kasar gona, ana lissafta yawan aikin takin lokacin dasa shuki. Yana da mahimmanci kada a ƙara taki mai yawa, saboda yawan su zai haifar da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa, lalata a cikin dandano dankali da ƙarancin digonta. Bugu da kari, wannan zai kasance tare da fito da karfi mai karfi.
Tubers suna matukar son potassium, amma dole ne a yi amfani dashi sosai, tunda ana samo wannan sinadari a ɗumbin yawa a cikin ƙasa. Kamfani da takin mai magani a cikin bazara yakamata a aiwatar da tsaurin kai a yawan kwastomomin da aka ba da shawarar su. Kawai a wannan yanayin, phosphorus da nitrogen zasu sha sosai.
Mafi kyawun takin mai magani da yadda ake amfani dasu
A mafi yawan lokuta ana saka miya a cikin rami, tunda tushen dankali yawanci yakan haɗu a cikin farfajiyar ƙasa. Duk da karamin yanki na abincin shuka, nan da nan takin ya tafi inda yakamata.
Kwayoyin halitta
Kada kuyi amfani da taki na doki a adadi mai yawa na dankali
Ciyawar a cikin ramuka ba za a iya cika ta ba, saboda wannan zai haifar da saurin tsire-tsire mai saurin gaske. Ana amfani dashi kawai a cikin nau'in humus, amma akwai kuma haɗarin cutar cutar dankalin turawa - scab. Bugu da kari, yin amfani da kwayoyin halitta mai wuce haddi na iya haifar da bayyanar voids a cikin tushen kayan amfanin gona. Wannan yana nufin cewa 'ya'yan itãcen dankalin Turawa zasu yi girma da sauri fiye da ƙoshin ciki.
Dole a jefa taki a cikin rijiyoyin kai tsaye lokacin dasa. A lokaci guda, yana da matukar muhimmanci a ƙara haɗa kwayoyin, daidai da lura da sashi da hanyar. Kafin dasa, ana yarda kowane kilogiram ya yi amfani da kilogiram 1 na urea da ammonium nitrate. Kafin digging bazara, kafin shirya ramuka don sassan ɗari 1, ana ƙara nitrophoska 5 kilogiram da nitroammophoska 3 kg.
Ma'adinai
Idan pH na ƙasa ya kasance daga 6.0 ko sama, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da gari dolomite
Hada ma'adinai don dankali ya zama daidai gwargwado kuma zai iya biyan duk bukatun shuka. Gabatar da ma'adanai cikin duniya ba tare da wata matsala ba zai haifar da cikawar sa tare da abubuwan gina jiki da ake bukata. Saboda haka, takin ma'adinai ya kamata a haɗe tare da kwayoyin.
An ƙara takin ma'adinai a rijiyar lokacin dasa, wanda shine hanya mafi arziƙi da ma'ana. A kan kasa mai yashi, kafin dasa shuki dankali, wajibi ne don watsa magnesium sulfate ko gari dolomite a duk yankin. Ba za ku iya barin abinci mai ƙari a ɓangaren babba ba, tunda a ƙarshen dankalin turawa ne tubers zai kasance a ƙasa ya juya kore. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa Tushen galibi suna kusa da manyan riguna waɗanda ke ciyar da su. Tare da rashin ruwa mai kyau da ƙasa mara kyau, matsaloli masu kama da yawa suna faruwa.
A halin yanzu, a cikin fasaha na aikin gona, masu amfani da kwari tare da abin da aka haɗa da takin zamani ana amfani dasu ko'ina. Suna cikin sauri da dacewa da takin ƙasa, har zuwa zurfin da ake so.
Cikakken takin zamani na dankali
Cikakken takin zamani na dankali bai dace da duk yanayin ba
Hanya mafi sauki don ciyar da dankali ita ce amfani da cakuda ma'adinai mai cakuda. Baya ga ciyarwa ta musamman, ana amfani da shirye-shirye na duniya gaba ɗaya, ana sayar da su tare da umarnin don amfani.
An tsara jerin takin zamani na Fasco musamman don dankali. Ana samunsa cikin tsari mai inganci ko ruwa. Irin waɗannan takin mai magani suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu mahimmanci, misali, potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen. Bugu da kari, suna da sashin kwayoyin. Kafin amfani dashi, ana amfani da maganin da ruwa tare da amfani dashi a duk tsawon lokacin haɓaka na al'ada.
Sanannen sanannen mai haɓaka takin ƙasa don dankali shine Fertica. Wannan takin yana ɗaukar nau'in granules da ke narkewa cikin ruwa. Shiryayyen bayani ana shayar da tsire-tsire. A cikin wannan kayan aiki akwai kawai ma'adinai. Hadaddun abubuwa ne masu mahimmancin abubuwan ganowa: potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da miya babba a bushe bushe. A wannan yanayin, granules an haɗe shi da ƙasa.
KompleMetKartofel yana cikin rukuni na takaddun takin zamani. Ya ƙunshi abun da ke ciki wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwan abubuwan ganowa, phosphorus da potassium. Babban dalilin wannan takin shine girke-girken girke-girke na 'ya'yan itace. Hakanan an yi niyya don kayan miya na saman foliar.
Godiya ga amfani da takin mai magani, yana yiwuwa a kawar da raunin microelements kuma kunna ayyukan haɓaka. Bugu da kari, yana inganta tuberization, stolon girma, yana kara karfin daukar hoto da kuma yawan aiki gaba daya.
Nitrogen
Aikace-aikacen ana aiwatar dashi gwargwadon shawarar da aka bayar akan shirya takin
Takin Nitrogen, kamar urea, zai taimaka matuka wajen samun kyakkyawan girbi a nan gaba. Tare da aikace-aikacensu na daidai, zaku iya samun bushes mai ƙarfi da ƙwallaye masu girma.
Amfani da nitrate nitrate yawanci ana amfani dashi azaman karin nitrogen ga tsire-tsire. Samun inzifar phosphorus zuwa ga dankalin turawa, bushes ana samunsa ta hanyar amfani da biyu ko ammoniated superphosphate. Don ciyar da dankali da potassium, ana amfani da gishiri potassium ko potassium chloride.
Ana buƙatar takin mai magani na Nitrogen yawanci a lokacin ciyawar tsire-tsire. Tare da karuwa a cikin adadin takin mai magani, abinci mai gina jiki ya shiga cikin ganyayyaki, kuma ba tushen amfanin gona ba. A sakamakon haka, a cikin kaka zaka iya samun bushes dankalin turawa mai ƙarfi, amma girbi mara kyau.
Ciyar da dankali mai kyau a lokacin dasa shuki zai baka damar samun girbi mai kyau. A wannan yanayin, dankalin turawa zai sami kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa da tsawon rayuwa.
