“Kamfanin gona na AELITA” zai taimaka sosai wajen fahimtar waɗannan sharuɗɗan kuma amsa tambayoyin akai-akai na 'yan lambu da muke girmamawa.
A yau, a cikin shagunan da wuraren shakatawa na biranenku da biranenku, an gabatar da babban adadin iri na albarkatu daban-daban. A cikin irin wannan yalwa, yana da wuya yawancin yin zaɓin da ya dace. Haka kuma, mafi yawa kuma sau da yawa, ana samun kalmar m "parthenocarpic" akan kunshin tare da tsaba. Don fahimtar wannan, bari mu fara fahimtar ainihin ma'anar parthenocarpy ...
Don haka SAFIYA - budurcin hadi, budurwar 'ya'yan itaba. 'Ya'yan itãcen Parthenocarpic suna da tsaba ba tare da kwaya ba. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire ana nuna su da nau'in fure na mace, wato, ba su da furanni na namiji, furanni marasa komai. Kuma galibi bayan kalmar "karasawa"kalmar" pollinated "an rubuta shi a cikin baka, amma wannan ba gaskiya bane. Zai zama mafi daidai -"baya bukatar pollination".
Parthenocarpy ya bambanta da cin gashin kansa a cikin haduwar da tayi da kuma ci gaban tayin yana faruwa ba tare da halartar pollen ba. Kuma wannan shi ne ɗayan manyan fa'idodin albarkatun gona na parthenocarpic, tunda ɗayan manyan matsalolin ga dukkanin lambu shine rashin isasshen adadin ƙwayar pollinating. Bugu da kari, a cikin sanyi sanyi yanayin ruwa kwari pollinators ne m, don haka 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a kan tsire-tsire na kudan zuma pollinated iri ne wani lokacin talauci daura. Bugu da ƙari, alal misali, a cikin cucumbers na parthenocarpic, an kafa 'ya'yan itaciya iri ɗaya da launi, gaba ɗaya ba tare da haushi ba, waɗanda ba sa juya launin rawaya (tun da ba sa buƙatar ɗaukar ƙwayar), an adana su na dogon lokaci kuma ba a lalata yayin sufuri.
Idan muka ci gaba da magana game da cucumbers, to, akwai sauran ra'ayi maras kyau cewa an yi amfani da cucumbers da keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta don girma a cikin greenhouse. Kuma wannan ba gaskiya bane. Masu shayarwa na zamani sun shayar da kayan aikin gona wanda ya dace daidai da girma a cikin gidaje da kuma ƙasa buɗe. Kuna iya karanta game da wannan a cikin bayanin da hybrids a kan jakar iri. Yanzu akwai da yawa irin wannan hybrids. An haɓaka cakulan tare da kaddarorin duniya waɗanda suka dace da salting, pickling, kuma, ba shakka, don amfani sabo.
Yanzu game da hybrids. Tsarin zamani na farko ya tsara F1an samu ta hanyar wucewa layi biyu ko fiye. Wannan dogon aiki ne mai wahala. Aikin zubar da ruwa shine koyaushe ake yi da hannu. Don samun tsaba na girke-girke, furannin ɗayan layin iyaye ana jefa su - suna hana ƙyallen su a daidai lokacin rushewar fure tare da sanya su da pollen na layi na biyu. A sakamakon irin wannan tsallake-tsallake, ana samun tsire-tsire masu mahimmancin ƙarfi, samarwa mai yawa da kuma wasu sauran kaddarorin masu amfani. Wannan ƙetare tsari ne na halitta gaba ɗaya, wanda a yanayi yake faruwa koyaushe. Da zarar wani lokaci, mutum ya fara lura cewa lokacin da ake yin wasu iri tare da wasu, tsara yakan zama mai amfani da wadatarwa. Kuma tuni izuwa fara aiwatar da wannan tsari. Don haka zaɓi aka haife.
Don haka, hybridization tsari ne na halitta, kuma parthenocarpy alama ce ta tsirrai na tsirrai.
Akwai kuma wata tambayar da aka sake tambaya akai - shin nau'in halittun parthenocarpic suna da alaƙa da haɓaka ƙoshin halittu? Amsar ita ce a'a!
Abin takaici, a cikin rashin cikakken bayani, menene GMO, mutane suna da rashin fahimta game da wannan kalma, kuma wasu suna tunanin cewa parthenocarpy da hybrids sune sakamakon GMOs. Amma wannan ba cikakken gaskiya bane!
Tun da kwanan nan wannan ba kawai tambayar da aka saba nema ba, amma har ma batun tattaunawa mai zafi a cikin dukkanin kafofin watsa labarai, ya kamata ku fahimci wannan. Gyarawa Gene shine canjin wucin gadi na kayan tsirrai ta hanyar injiniyan kwayoyin, wanda a ciki ne aka gabatar da hanyar kwayoyin halitta daga wata hanya ta kere kere a cikin kayan tsirrai. A dabi'a, waɗannan gyare-gyare ba zasu iya faruwa ta halitta ba.
Haka ne, a yanayi, canjin yanayin halittar dan adam na iya fitowa lokaci-lokaci a tsirrai, amma kuma, wadannan rikice-rikice ne na halitta iri daya a cikin tsirrai guda. Bayan karɓar GMOs, ana gabatar da kwayar halittar daga jikin baƙon ɗan adam a cikin asalin tsirrai ko dabba. Wato, a zahiri wannan 'baƙon' gene ba zai iya shiga cikin tsiro ba, wanda ke nufin cewa wannan tsari ne na ainihi. Kuma tunda wannan ba kawai wucin gadi bane, amma kuma tsari mai tsada, ana amfani dashi ne kawai a al'adun da suka samar da adadi mai yawa, ana lissafta su a dubun tan, don dawo da farashin. Saboda haka, a zahiri, nau'ikan GMO a duniya suna da yawa, kaɗan. To, menene game da iri iri da kuma hybrids, wanda a mafi kyau ana sayar da su a cikin dubun kilo kuma babu.
A cikin Turai da Amurka, duk GMOs - samfurori suna yin rajista na wajibi. Ana buƙatar tushen asalin da iri don nuna cewa yana samar da samfurin GMO. Idan kuwa bai yi ba, to idan an gano jabu, asalin ya kashe kuɗi da yawa akan biyan tara da diyya. A kasarmu, an hana shigo da samfuran GMO gaba daya, saboda haka, lokacin da ake yin rijistar dangin masarautar a cikin Rajistar Jiha, kowannensu yana yin nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na tilas don kasancewar abubuwan gine-gine na kasashen waje. Don haka, a cikin ƙasar, rajistar GMOs ba zai yiwu ba, ba tare da ambaton yiwuwar farashi ba.
Game da parthenocarpy, dole ne a faɗi cewa wannan cikakken tsari ne na halitta game da samuwar 'ya'yan itace ba tare da yin fure ba. Wannan halayyar tana nan a cikin jinsunan sama da ɗari kuma sun bayyana a tsire-tsire tun da daɗewa, kafin mutum ya koyi ƙirar al'adun waje. Ga juyin halitta, wannan sifar shine, "mara kyau", tunda babban aikin shuka shine a samu tsaba kuma a ci gaba da "asalinsa". Kuma, kamar yadda kuka sani, 'ya'yan itatuwa na parthenocarpic basu da tsaba. Don haka, lokacin da irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suka fito a cikin yanayin halitta, kawai ba su haifar da zuriya ba. Wani mutum ya lura da wannan alamar, ya fahimci wa kansa fa'idodin nasa kuma ya sami hanyoyin gyara shi da yaduwar irin waɗannan tsire-tsire. Don haka, parthenocarpy ba shine sakamakon maye gurbi na GMO ba, amma alama ce ta al'ada ta tsirrai, wanda, sakamakon hanyoyin zaɓe masu sauƙi, an daidaita shi a cikin shuka.
Muna muku fatan alkhairi lafiya da girbin nasara !!!
Kuna iya samun cikakkun bayanai game da iri da kuma nau'ikan dabbobi, da adreshin shagunan adana a garin ku: www.ailita.ru
Muna cikin hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa: VKontakte, Instagram.
