Feijoa

Da yawa suna la'akari feijoa 'Ya'yan itacen ƙwaya iri ɗaya ne, misali, kiwi, abarba ko ayaba. Koyaya, duk da wannan, wannan tsire-tsire ya daɗe yana girma kamar fure mai fure. Kuma ana yin wannan ba kawai ta hanyar masu girbin fure ba waɗanda ke da kwarewa sosai a bayansu, har ma da masu farawa. Kuma ko da yin la’akari da duk halin da yake ciki, girma feijoa abu ne mai sauƙi, alal misali, kamar lemun tsami ko pomegranate.

Feijoa, menene?

Menene feijoa? A cikin daji, ana iya samun wannan shuka a Kudancin Amurka. Don haka, mutanen Turai suka fara gano shi a cikin Brazil. A yau tana girma a cikin Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Crimea, Turkmenistan, da dai sauransu. Wannan shuka ana kiranta Akka Sellova (Zellova).

'Ya'yan itacen Feijoa suna da amfani sosai ga jikin ɗan adam. Don haka, ana amfani da su sau da yawa don hanawa ko magance cututtukan thyroid, da kuma atherosclerosis. Wannan shine komai, saboda suna dauke da adadin aidin.

Jin daɗin feijoa ya zama sabon abu. Ya yi kama da gooseberries, strawberries da abarba, don haka idan kun ci su gaba ɗaya. Amma kowane mutum yana ɗanɗano dandano na waɗannan fruitsa fruitsan marmari a cikin nasu hanyar. Idan an kula da tsire-tsire yadda yakamata, to lokacin da ya zama balaga, wataƙila kuna iya samun kilo kilo na 'ya'yan itace a kowane lokaci harma da ƙari. Myrtle shine mafi kusancin feijoa, wanda kuma zai iya girma a gida.

Kulawar Gida

Yanayin Zazzabi

Yawancin lambu sun ce a cikin hunturu wannan shuka yana buƙatar samar da rage zafin jiki na digiri 12-14. Wanne ne ainihin gaskiya, saboda feijoa yana da lokacin hutawa a wannan lokacin. Hakanan akwai ra'ayi cewa wannan shuka zai iya samun cikakkiyar girma da haɓaka idan a lokacin rani zazzabi a cikin ɗakin da yake a ciki yana tsakanin digiri 18-20. Koyaya, wannan ba gaskiya bane. Idan an shayar da shuka yadda yakamata kuma a jika, zai ji daɗaɗa sosai ko da a cikin ƙarfin digiri talatin. Amma ya fi kyau idan zai yiwu a hana dumama iska a cikin ɗakin har zuwa wannan. Hakanan a lokacin rani, ana shawarar feijoa don motsawa zuwa titin ko baranda.

Haske

Wannan tsire-tsire yana da matukar son haske sabili da haka wajibi ne a zaɓi wuri don shi inda zai isa. Ya kamata a tuna cewa kai tsaye haskoki na zafi zafi rana, ya yi haƙuri musamman talauci, don haka ya kamata ka m da shuka daga gare su. A cikin yanayin yayin da babu haske na halitta kaɗan a cikin ɗakin, zaku iya amfani da fitilun fitilu don haskakawa.

Yadda ake shayar da ruwa, da ciyar da abubuwa masu taushi

Ya kamata a shayar da Feijoa yalwa kuma sau da yawa isa, amma wannan kawai lokacin bazara-bazara ne. A lokacin dormant a cikin hunturu, ya kamata a rage yawan ruwa sosai.

Wannan inji yana buƙatar madaidaiciyar miya. Kuma yana buƙatar cikakken takin zamani. Tabbas, zaku iya amfani da takaddun takaddun abinci don ciyarwa, amma ya fi kyau a raba bangaren hadi ta hanyar (phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium taki). Ya kamata a ciyar da itaciyar a madadin su da makwanni biyu.

Misali:

Kamar yadda taki nitrogen, zaka iya amfani da tsintsin tsuntsaye, maida hankali wanda zai zama 1:15, ko zaka iya ɗaukar mullein (kuma yakamata ya zama 1:10).
Ana iya amfani da superphosphate azaman phosphate taki. Don wannan, 1 tsp. an saka wannan abu a cikin lita 1. nunannun ruwa. Bayan mafita ta zama mai ɗumi, ana zuba lita na ruwa da aka tafasa a ciki.
Ash ash itace cikakke kamar tukunyar tumatir. A saboda wannan, 1 tbsp. l ash gauraye da 1 lita. ruwa kuma bar mafita infused for 7 kwana.

Wajibi ne a ciyar da tsire kawai bayan an shayar da shi.

Game da lamarin yayin da a cikin dakin da feijoa yake da ƙarancin zafi, ana aiwatar da aikin moistening (spraying) koyaushe. Wannan ya shafi musamman lokacin sanyi, lokacin da shuka ba hunturu, amma yana cikin ɗakin dumi. Idan an canja shuka zuwa iska mai kyau a lokacin rani, to, zaku iya fesa shi kawai idan ya cancanta, ko kuma a hankali. Amma a cikin kowane hali, spraying kawai amfanin wannan shuka.

Yadda ake dasawa

Canza feijoa ba mai sauki bane. Gaskiyar ita ce reshenta mai rikitarwa ne mai raunin gani kuma suna iya rabuwa da duk taɓawar taɓawa. Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga waɗancan tsire-tsire waɗanda suka tsufa kuma suna da rassa da yawa.

Ya kamata a sake dasa ƙananan tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a shekara, a cikin bazara. Bayan ya girma, ko kuma hakane, ya kai shekaru uku, ana iya juyawa dashi a duk 'yan shekaru (a shekaru 2 ko 3).

Lokacin sake maye gurbin, ba lallai ba ne don cire tsohuwar ƙasa gaba ɗaya kuma tsaftace tsarin tushen. Kuna iya yin sauƙin sassauƙa. Koyaya, idan man da ke tsiro ko shuka yana da cuta, to tsabtace tushen za ta zama dole. Yayin dasa feijoa, kar a tono shi a cikin kasar.

Mafi dacewa don dasawa shine cakuda ƙasa da ke kunshe da ganye da ciyawar ƙasa, peat, yashi da humus, waɗanda yakamata a haɗu da su daidai gwargwado.

Siffofin Yaduwa

Domin yaduwar wannan tsiron m, zaku iya amfani da hanyoyi da yawa. Don haka, mafi yawan lokuta ana girma daga tsaba ko kuma yaduwa ta hanyar yan itace. Koyaya, akwai wata hanyar da ake mantawa da ita sau da yawa. Za a iya yada Feijoa ta hanyar harbi kuma ana iya yin hakan a sauƙaƙe. Zai fi kyau a aiwatar da irin wannan hanyar yayin dasawa. Wannan duk, saboda shuka yana girma sosai da sauri, kuma bayan ba lokaci mai yawa ba, yana samar da tushen harbe mai yawa, wanda gogaggen masu girka fure ya ba da shawara don cirewa. Kuma zaka iya yin wannan yayin dasawa. Shuka abu za'a iya samu ta hanyar cire haɓakar haɓakar tsiro daga mahaifiyar.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Mafi wahala a cikin wannan hanyar haifuwa ita ce bincika kayan shuka, sai dai, ba shakka, kuna da tsire-tsire na mahaifa. Amma sauran, wannan grafting hanya ba zai zama da wuya a gare ku.

Don haka dole ne ya zama tilas ya zama tilas ya zama rabin, kuma tsayinsa ya kai daga santimita 8 zuwa 10. Yankunan da aka karɓa daga tsakiyar tsakiyar kambi zai kasance mafi haɓaka da ƙarfi. Babu shakka duk ganye ya kamata a cire, sai dai ma'auratan da ke gefen saman.

Cakuda yashi (m-grained) da humus, waɗanda aka ɗauka a cikin rabo 1: 1, cikakke ne ga dasa shuki. Kar a manta da bakara wannan hadin da ake amfani da shi a duniya kafin a cire su. Lokacin dasawa, 1/3 na ƙananan ya kamata su tashi sama da ƙasa. Sabili da haka yana ɗaukar tushen mafi kyawu sosai, an dasa shuki tare da wani babban gangara ba.

Kafin dasa shuki, an bada shawarar shirya shi. Don yin wannan, dole ne a sanya shi a cikin mafita na tushen mai kara kuzari (alal misali, heteroauxin, rootin, da dai sauransu), kuma a can ya kamata ya kasance daga 16 zuwa 17 hours. Kuma bayan dasawa tare da wannan bayani, zaku iya shayar da shuka. Bayan haka, bayan dasa shuki, yakamata a rufe matakalar da hula daga jakar filastik ko kuma gilashin gilashi.

An shirya cutukan ne na musamman a cikin kaka, lokacin da shuka ta daina yin girma. Domin akwai ancesan abubuwa kaɗan waɗanda zasu iya zama da wahala a cire tushen.

Karancin haske. Feijoa yana son haske sosai, sabili da haka zai buƙaci hasken baya.
Ina matukar bukata babban zafi, tsakanin 90%. Don yin wannan, ya zama dole, a duk lokacin da ya yiwu, don sanyaya kara tare da ruwan dumi, ruwan da yake zazzage ta amfani da bindiga da aka fesa.
Dankin zai buƙaci samar da babban iska zazzabi. Rooting yana faruwa mafi kyau a yanayin zafi daga 26 zuwa 28 digiri.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, tushen yana faruwa bayan makonni 4. Amma a wasu yanayi, wannan yakan faru ne bayan makonni 8. Itatuwa wanda aka girma daga yankan, idan an kula dashi da kyau, zai ɗauki fruitsa fruitsan farko a shekara ta uku ko ta huɗu na rayuwa.

Yadda za a yadu da iri

Zai yuwu a shuka feijoa daga zuriya, amma wannan tsari ne mai tsayi da wahala. Don haka, da farko kuna buƙatar nemo tsaba masu inganci. Abinda yake shine kawai sabbin tsaba wadanda basu wuce shekara 1 da haihuwa ba sun dace da shuka. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau ku tattara su kanku daga cikakke (ba overripe) feijoa 'ya'yan itace. Bayan wannan, ya kamata a wanke tsaba kuma a bushe tsawon kwana biyar.

Sannan kuna buƙatar shirya cakuda yumbu don dasa. Don yin wannan, ya kamata ku haɗu da yashi, ƙasa mai shimfiɗa, da peat a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 2. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa wanda aka shirya kuma yafa masa saman tare da cakuda ƙasa ɗaya (lokacin farin ciki na babban Layer ya kamata ya zama rabin santimita).

Watering ya kamata a za'ayi sosai a hankali. Gaskiyar ita ce akwai haɗarin wanke tsaba, ko kuma akasin haka, zurfafa su, wanda a kowane hali ya kamata a yarda. An ba da shawarar cewa da farko ku rufe ƙasa tare da takaddar tace takamaiman (zaku iya maye gurbin ta da tawul ɗin takarda), sannan ku shayar da ita. Kuma ya fi kyau don ba da ruwa ta amfani da sprayer.

Shuka tsaba mafi kyau a yi a watan Fabrairu, amma kuma yana yiwuwa a cikin watanni bazara (akwai waɗanda suka shuka tsaba cikin nasara a lokacin rani). Idan an shuka iri a cikin hunturu, to, seedlings zai bayyana bayan kimanin makonni 4. Kuma waɗanda aka shuka a cikin lokacin dumi za su yi yawo cikin kimanin makwanni biyu. Koyaya, girbi na farko daga irin tsire-tsire zaka iya tattarawa babu sama da shekaru 5 ko 6.

Karin kwari

Brown garkuwar karya. Kuna iya kawar da wannan kwaro ta amfani da karbofos. 5 grams na wannan magani ne diluted a cikin 1 lita. ruwa. Dole ne a bi da shuka a kalla sau biyu tare da hutu na kwanaki 7.

Red gizo-gizo mite. Idan kun fesa feijoa sau da yawa kuma ku kula da babban zafi, to tabbas wannan alamar ba zata fara ba.

Mahimmin maki a girma

Idan ka yanke shawarar haɓaka feijoa a gida, to, kuna buƙatar sanin mahimman lambobi waɗanda zasu taimaka wajen guje wa kurakurai da ba a bayyana ba.

Da fari dai, ba duk nau'in feijoa bane, lokacin da girma a gida, na iya gamsar daku da girbi. Gaskiyar ita ce saboda wannan shuka dole ne ya kasance mai-pollinating. Idan ba haka ba, to lallai ne kuyi girma biyu lokaci guda (don tsabtacewa). Sabili da haka, lokacin sayen, lallai ne zaba zazzabin feijoa na pollinating. Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan sune irin su: Crimean da wuri, Kulizh, da Nikitsky mai ƙanshi.

Abu na biyu, idan kana son tara ingantaccen irin shuka daga tsirrai, to lallai ne ka mance da bayyanar. A wannan yanayin, pruning ne kawai contraindicated a gare shi. Shi ke nan, saboda furanni suna bayyana a rassan gefen, kuma saboda pruning, za'a iya rage adadin su sosai. Ya kamata a yanka Feijoa sau ɗaya kawai. Lokacin da shuka ya girma zuwa 20-30 santimita, to lallai ne a yanke shi zuwa kashi 1/3. Wannan yana taimakawa don haɓaka haɓakar rassan kwarangwal a gefe. Don haka zaka iya ɗaure fi.