A karkashin wannan kwarin gandun daji a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, zaku iya ganin alamun fararen ciyayi na bishiyoyi masu fure, a saman wannana mai haske ja, rawaya da ruwan lemo mai haushi - waɗannan sune guzmania. Tsire-tsire masu suna A. Guzman, sanannen matafiyi da masanin kimiya na ƙabila daga Spain, sun zauna a kan ƙasa mai kyau a ƙarƙashin rawanin tsirrai, suna yin rayuwa irin na epiphytes, hawan tushen da rassa, ana samun su a kan gangara mai buɗewa.
Gusmania, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da abarba, sun kasance daga dangin Bromeliad.
Tsakanin kansu, tsire-tsire sun bambanta da girman, launi na ganye da salon rayuwa. Haka kuma, a tsakanin nau'ikan 120-130 na wadannan tsirrai masu tsiro, akwai da yawa iri da masu noman fure suka zaba don kiyayewa da kuma kiwo a gida.
Mene ne siffofin fure? Menene guzmania ya kawo gidan, kuma menene ya jawo hankalin masu noman furanni a duk duniya da ke ciki?
Siffofi da kuma abubuwan ban mamaki na shuka na guzmania
Abin sha'awa, a cikin Rasha da wasu ƙasashe da yawa, an fi sanin tsire a ƙarƙashin sunan da ba daidai ba. Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin Latin an rubuta sunan asalin Kudancin Amurka a matsayin Guzmania. Idan kayi la'akari da lafazin lakabin sunan masanin kimiyyar kasar Sipaniya, to, sunan asalin al'ada shine gusmania. Amma tsakanin masu shuka furanni, kuma a yawancin bayanan rubuce-rubucen, ana kiran asalin halittar fure na cikin gida na guzmania.
Amsar tambayar game da kyawun shuka tayi mai sauqi. Tabbas, masoya na aikin lambu na gida da farko suna kula da sultan mai haske wanda aka kafa a saman kanti. Yawancin lambu yan farawa sunyi kuskure cewa wannan furen fure ne na guzmania. A zahiri, wannan ba inflorescence bane, amma kawai an canza ɗanɗanar foli - ƙwanƙwasa mai haske, wanda aka tsara don jawo hankalin hankalin ƙwayoyin kwari. Irin wannan na'urar a cikin shuka ya bayyana saboda gaskiyar cewa furanni na ainihi ƙananan ƙanana ne kuma kusan ganuwa.
Babu shakka, a cikin shekarun mil na rayuwa, jinsunan gusmania sun sami kansu sau da yawa a ƙarshen mutuwa, ba tare da pollination ba. Don a ɗaure tsaba, kowane tsire-tsire na guzmania ya fara dabaru. Wasu nau'ikan suna yin furanni masu fure, waɗanda kusan ba sa buɗewa, kuma pollen ɗin ya fashe a cikin toho kuma, tare da faɗuwa bisa kan kwaro, yana kammala aikin pollination.
Abin takaici, fure a rayuwar guzmania abu daya ne. A mafi yawan nau'in wilting, bayan pollination na bracts, tsohuwar rosette ta mutu.
Growingara yawan shahararrun furanni na cikin gida na guzmania ya haifar da ɗakunan kulawa don yin tunani game da fadada kewayon waɗannan tsirran tsire-tsire. A yau, lambu suna da ikon sarrafa su da kuma nau'ikan gargajiya ba kawai tare da alkyabbar sultans ba, har ma tare da ruwan hoda, burgundy, orange da fiɗa na rawaya. Hakanan ya hada da launuka masu launuka iri daban-daban wadanda suke hade da launi mai launi akan foliage tare da launuka masu launin fari ko ruwan hoda.
Yawancin ganye na ganye da ke girma a karkace suna da matukar ado, amma irin wannan tsarin shuka guzmania ba shi da kyau, amma takamaiman ne ta hanyar larura.
Epiphytes da ke zaune a kan tushen da kuma bishiyoyi na bishiyoyi, tare da taimakon mashigar da ke kama da kankara, ba wai kawai tattara danshi ba, wanda kai tsaye ke zuwa tushen, amma kuma suna ciyar da kansu. Tare da ruwa, barbashi na sharan gona suna zuwa ka'idodin ganyayyaki da asalinsu a cikin hanyar:
- ƙananan kwari;
- guda na kyawawan ganye
- haushi;
- karamin adadin ƙasa wanda iska ta kwashe.
Tunda ƙananan ganye sun fi tsayi fiye da na sama, ana tattara danshi daga matsakaicin iyakar nisa daga tsakiyar mashigar. Wannan shine sabon salo mai ban mamaki na guzmania, barin shuka tare da ƙananan asalin kuma a cikin yanayin kusan gama babu ƙasa mai gina jiki don samun nasarar girma da fure. Tabbas, epiphytes baya buƙatar tsarin tushen karfi, amma guzmania ya "fito" tare da aikace-aikacen asali don tushen sa.
Kasancewa a gefen hasken bishiyar bishiyar ko kuma a wasu yanayi mara kyau na ci gaban, tsirrai na iya motsawa a hankali kuma 'yan santimita kawai zuwa inda zai fi kyau.
Darajar guzmania da tasirin ta ga yanayin cikin gidan
Waɗanda ke da shuka da kawai suka bayyana suna da sha'awar guzmania kanta da abin da wannan fure take nufi. Idan ya zo ga tsirrai na tsibi-tsibi, ba a kan sami almara ko alamu a cikin adabin da ke da alaƙa da kaddarorin ko tarihin wata al'ada. Da kyau, abu ɗaya ne kawai sananne: a cikin ƙasa na shuka, an san guzmania a matsayin alama ce ta ƙarfin namiji kuma, kasancewa kusa da wakilin ƙarfin jima'i, yana ƙarfafa aiki sosai. Abin baƙin ciki, babu wasu labaru masu ba da labari game da gusmania, amma nazarin halittu yana nazarin tasirin tsire-tsire akan ɗan adam zai iya faɗi abubuwa da yawa game da wannan fure na gida.
Al'adar da ganye mai kauri mai zurfi da katsewa mai ƙwanƙwasa daɗaɗɗa a saman wata kyakkyawar ado ce ta gida da ofis, da kuma tsabtataccen iska.
Mutane za su ji sakamako mai kyau a kan kuzari da sautin ko'ina, amma a gida, irin wannan tasirin yana sananne sosai. A matsayin fure na cikin gida, guzmania zai taimaka wajen kawar da baƙin ciki mai wahala, inganta bacci kuma yana da amfani mai amfani ga yanayin janar na jiki. Ba wai kawai bayyanar tsirrai masu ƙarfi suna da tasiri ga yanayin tunanin mutum da ingancin bacci ba, yana kwantar da ku kuma ya ba ku aikin aiki. Sha'awar "fure" na guzmania yana ba da gudummawar gudummawar kuzari da kuma haɓaka damar iyawa.
