Koda lokacin da ake kiran sunan wannan fure, yaji ƙamshin sa mai kyau tuni ... Jasmin (Jasminum) asalin halittar bishiyoyi ne masu tsinkaye daga dangin zaitun. Bai kamata a rikita shi da aikin izgili ba, wanda a Rasha ana kiransa ba daidai ba ne jasmine. Jasmine ya girma kamar shuka ne na ornamental kuma kamar shuka na gida. Shin kana son girma jasmine a gida? To bari mu tsara yadda ake yin sa.
Jasmin officinalis (Jasminum officinale).
Bayanin Jasmine na Botanical
Jasmin - bishiyoyi masu sauƙin ko kafa tare da sauƙi mai sauƙi, sau uku ko pinnate ba tare da ƙa'idodi da manyan furanni na yau da kullun ba. Corolla na furanni fari ne, rawaya ko launin shuɗi daban, mafi yawa tare da madaidaiciyar bututu, ciki akwai 2 stamens tare da gajeren zaren; ovary babba, juya kan ripening a cikin Berry.
Gida na Jasmin Asia, Arab po, Transcaucasia, Arewacin China. A halin yanzu, kusan nau'ikan 200 waɗanda ke girma a cikin ɗamara mai ɗumi na hemispheres, gami da ƙananan rabe-raben ruwa, an haɗa su a cikin halittar Jasmine.
A cikin Caucasus da Crimea, jinsuna biyu sun girma kuma suna girma a cikin daji: Jasmin mai rawaya (Jasminum fruticans), da Jasmin ta gaske ce ko fari (Jasminum officinale).
Nasihun Kula da Cikin Gida na Cikin gida
Zazzabi
Ana kiyaye Jasmin a cikin bazara a zazzabi na yau da kullun. A cikin hunturu, ana jasmine a zazzabi kamar + 8 ... + 10 ° C, aƙalla + 6 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ana kiyaye Jasmin Sambac a zazzabi na + 17 ... + 18 ° C, mafi ƙarancin + 16 ° C, zai fi dacewa ba a fi + 22 ° C ba, a zazzabi mafi girma kana buƙatar kula da babban zafi.
Haske
Jasmine hotofi ne, don ci gaba mai kyau da fure yana buƙatar kyakkyawan haske, tare da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye a lokacin bazara a lokacin zafi na rana. Jasmine tana girma sosai a windows windows ba tare da yin aski ba.
Watse
A cikin bazara da bazara, yalwatacce, kasar gona ya kamata ya zama dan kadan m koyaushe. A cikin hunturu, watering ya fi matsakaici. Jasmin ba ta yarda da bushewa daga cikin matsalar ƙurar ƙasa ba, amma ya kamata a guji ɓataccen ruwa a cikin tushen. Ruwa don shayar da jasmine ya zama mai ƙarfi a kowane lokaci na shekara kuma koyaushe yana da laushi. Zai fi kyau amfani da tsaftataccen ruwa ko ruwan shansa.
Takin taki a lokacin cin gaban aiki daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta - sau daya a mako, tare da taki na ruwa don ciyawar furanni na gida (takin gargajiya).
Jasmin officinalis (Jasminum officinale).
Jin zafi
A lokacin rani, a yayyafa ruwan jasmine tare da ruwa mai taushi.
Juyawa
An dasa Jasmin a cikin bazara, a cikin Maris. An sake dasa ƙananan tsire-tsire a cikin kowace shekara, tsofaffi a cikin shekaru 2-3. Asa: 1 ɓangare na yumɓun yumbu, ɓangaren 1 na ganye da kuma 1 ɓangaren yashi - don tsire-tsire matasa. Don tsohuwar tsirrai - an ɗauke tataccen yumbu-ƙasa a cikin sassa 2.
Turawa
Jasmines bazai jure wa pruning ba. A cikin bazara, kafin farkon haɓaka mai sauri, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yanke muhimmanci sosai, zai iya zama 1/3 har ma da rabin tsawon harbe. Irin wannan pruning yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar ƙarin rassan gefen, a ƙarshen abin da fure zai biyo baya. Domin tsawanta furanni a lokacin rani, tsunkule tsintsaye, barin barin nau'i biyu na ganye akan harbe.
Yaduwar cikin gida jasmin
Jasmines ta fara haihuwa a lokacin bazara da bazara. A cikin bazara, bara na lignified harbe da suka rage bayan an yi amfani da trimming kamar cuttings, kuma a lokacin rani, ana amfani da harbe kore don dasawa.
A cikin halayen guda biyu, ana shuka tsiron girbi a cikin substrate wanda ya kunshi daidai sassan wanka yashi da peat, an rufe shi da gilashin ko kunshin filastik, kuma ana kula da yawan zafin jiki a ƙasa da + 20 ° C.
A wasu nau'in, ana kafa tushen sosai a hankali, saboda haka yana da kyau a bi da tsintsiyar tare da heteroauxin ko analogues. Tushen daskararre (bayan kimanin kwanaki 20-25) ana shuka su cikin tukwane tare da faɗin 7 cm. Ana amfani da wani acid, wanda ya kunshi ƙasa mai ganye, ƙasa mai ɗorewa, peat da yashi (2: 2: 2: 1). Nan gaba, ana dasa shuki matasa a kowace shekara, mafi yawan manya - bayan shekaru 2-3.
Iri cikin gida Jasmin
Jasmin kasheffinalis (Jasminum officinale) - itacen zaitun tare da tsatsa mai tushe, ganyayyaki cirrus da farin furanni, an tattara guda 5-6 a tseren tsere. Furanni masu ƙananan - kimanin 2.5 cm a diamita, amma mai ƙanshi sosai. Yana blooms duk lokacin rani. Yana farawa tun yana girma.
Jasmin multiflora (Jasminum polyanthum) - itacen inabin da ke da tushe mai ƙonewa, ganyayyakin cirrus, mai kama da kallon da ya gabata. Furen ya kasance ruwan hoda, kuma furanni masu furen fure farare ne, aka tattara guda 15-20 kowane a tseren tsere. Yana fure a cikin bazara. Fulawa yana farawa tun yana ƙarami.
Jasmin sambac (Jasminum sambac) - itacen inabi ko hawan daji, tare da lignified pubescent mai tushe. Ganyayyaki suna akasin haka, bare ko dan kadann sitiriji, m ko tsallake, har zuwa 10 cm tsayi. Inflorescence wani goga ne na manyan fure furanni 3-5.
Jasmin kaddara (Jasminum primulinum) - Abubuwan da ke rarrabewa suna daure da tallafi. Ganyen yana da duhu kore, mai tsananin elongated kuma ya nuna a ƙarshen, an tsara shi a cikin uku. Furanni masu launin rawaya, mara kamshi, fure a bazara ko bazara.
Jasminyawa mai dumbin yawa (Jasminum polyanthum).
Jasmin Sambac (Jasminum sambac).
Jasmin primrose (Jasminum primulinum).
M Properties na Jasmin
Don dalilai na magani, ana amfani da duk sassan aikin jasmine officinalis. Ana amfani da ganyaye azaman ƙulli don rage lactation; a cikin nau'ikan damfara, ana shafa su ga cututtukan fata. Ana amfani da tushen daskararru don ciwon kai, rashin bacci, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru da raɗaɗi da ke da alaƙa da karaya.
An wajabta Jasmin kafin tiyata - a cikin maganin gargajiya na Gabas, akwai hujjoji cewa guda na tushen 2-3 cm tsayi, an cire shi tare da ruwan inabi, yana haifar da asarar ciwo na rana guda, 5 cm tsayi - tsawon kwanaki 2, da dai sauransu.
Ana ƙara furanni masu kamshi a cikin shayi. Jasmin mai mahimmanci magani ne mai ƙarfi, yana ƙarfafa tsarin juyayi, yana kawar da ji da damuwa. Masana ilimin likitancin Jafananci sun kammala cewa ƙanshin ruwan Jasmin yana da ƙarfi fiye da kofi.
Ana amfani da man Jasmin a cikin masana'antar ƙanshin ƙanshin, ana amfani dashi don maganin wanka, an shirya shi don shafawa daga shi don ciwon tsoka, kuma an ƙara shi cikin man tausa. Rassan da reshe suna zuwa kwandunan saƙa da yin shambura. Manyan itace-Jasasshen fure ne ake nomawa don dalilai na masana'antu a cikin ƙasashe da yawa na duniya. Dukkanin ainihin jasmines kyawawan ƙudan zuma ne.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Jasmine mafi sau da yawa ta shafi jan gizo-gizo mite (a bushe iska, ganye da kuma mai tushe ana braided da cobwebs), whiteflies (fari da launin shuɗi bayyana a kan bangon ganye).
Ana iya taimakon shuka ta ta hanyar soapy da ruwa, wanka mai ɗumi da fesawa tare da Actellic (1-2 ml a kowace lita na ruwa) kowace kwana uku.
Jasmine za ta yi ado da kyau ta ciki kuma ta ba da ƙanshin da ba za a iya mantawa da ita ba. Namo shi ba zai haifar da matsala da yawa ba, gwada shi! Kuma idan kun rigaya girma jasmine a gida, raba wannan ƙwarewar a cikin bayanan ga labarin. Za mu yi godiya sosai.
