Perennials low-girma Chionodoxa (Chionodoxa) wakilai ne na halittar Scylla na dangin Liliaceae. Zuwa yau, an san nau'ikan nau'ikan 6 na irin wannan shuka. A dabi'a, ana iya haɗuwa dasu a tsibirin Crete da a Asiaaramar Asiya. Sunan wannan shuka ya ƙunshi kalmomin Helenanci 2, waɗanda suka fassara a matsayin "dusar ƙanƙara" da "ɗaukaka, girman kai." Mutane na kiransa “danshi dusar ƙanƙara”, ko kuma “dusar ƙanƙara”. Kyakkyawan daji na chionodoxes tare da furanni masu ƙauna suna girma lokaci guda tare da dusar ƙanƙan da dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin da murfin dusar ƙanƙara bai gama ɓacewa daga ƙasa ba.
Fasali na Chionodox
Chionodoxes tsire-tsire ne mai fitila. A lokaci guda, wando biyu na farantin ganye na fararen koren launi mai duhu da ke girma tare da shinge, an daɗaɗa su kuma suna lanceolate sosai, kuma tsawonsu ya kai daga santimita 8 zuwa 12. Sako-sako da ke kwance a jikin farfajiya sun hada da furanni masu launin shudi shida da aka yi da shuɗi, ruwan hoda, fari ko launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itacen akwati ne mai ruwa, kuma a ciki akwai tsaba. Abubuwan kwararan fitila waɗanda ba a barin su sun kai tsawon kusan 30 mm, kuma a ko'ina - kimanin 17 mm. Fuskokinsu an rufe su da flakes na launi mai haske. Wadannan kwararan fitila an tsara su ne don hawan keke na shekara 2.
Ginin hionodox na waje
Wani lokaci don shuka
An bada shawarar dasa kwararan fitila chionodox a cikin fili a farkon sati na kaka bayan samuwar tushen dogo yana karewa a gindinsu. Don dasawa, zaku iya zaɓar duka yanki mai amfani da fitila, da kasancewa cikin ƙaramin inuwa. Idan kun dasa kwararan fitila a waɗancan wuraren da murfin dusar ƙanƙara ya fara narkewa da farko, to irin waɗannan hionodoxes zasu bambanta da farkon farkon furanni. Idan furanni suka girma a kan wani wuri mai inuwa, to, za su yi fure daga baya, girma a wuri mai kyau, amma furersu zai daɗe.
Shuke-shuke da ke ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi sun dace da dasa irin furanni. Gaskiyar ita ce, a lokacin fure na wannan shuka akan bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi babu cikakken ganye, wanda zai iya ɗaukar hasken rana ya zama dole ga chionodoxes don haɓaka al'ada da fure. Wadannan tsire-tsire da ke cikin lambun ana bada shawarar yin haɓaka kusa da irin kayan furannin fure kamar: primrose, hellebore, hyacinths, crocuses, cannons, fararen furanni, adonis da dwarf irises.
Dokokin saukarwa
Asan da ta dace ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, yalwa, matsakaici m, da ɗan alkaline ko tsaka tsaki. Waɗannan furanni suna ba da amsar sosai ga kasancewar ƙasa a cikin ƙasa ba ƙasa mai yawa ba, wanda ya ƙunshi gutsuttsarin bishiyar bishiyoyi da ganyayen da suka lalace.
Ya kamata a dasa wannan fure a cikin ƙasa buɗe kamar yadda sauran albarkatun gona keɓaɓɓu. Zurfin dasa, gami da nisa tsakanin kwararan fitila, ya dogara da girman kayan dasawa. Dole ne a zurfafa manyan kwararan fitila zuwa zurfin kusan 60-80 mm, yayin da a jere tsakanin su, ya kamata a lura da nisa na santimita 8-10. Ba manya manyan kwararan fitila da aka dasa zuwa zurfin 40-60 mm, da nisa tsakanin su ya zama mm 60-80.
Kula da chionodox a cikin lambu
Hionodoxes daga dukkan kayan fure sune mafi unpreentious da undemanding a cikin kulawa, don haka ko da fara lambu zai iya girma su. Watering da tsire-tsire ne kawai idan lokacin hunturu lokacin ba dusar ƙanƙara ba, da kuma bazara - m. Bayan an shayar da furanni, ya wajaba don sassauta farfajiyar ƙasa a kusa da su, yayin share ciyawar ciyawa. Yayyafa farfajiyar maƙarƙashiyar tare da wani yanki na ciyawa (bushe peat ko humus) sannan kuma za a rage adadin weeding, loosening da watering sosai.
Hakanan, wadannan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar riguna masu kyau da dasawa, kuma ya kamata a fesa chionodoxes tare da hanyoyi na musamman daga cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa, idan akwai irin wannan buƙatar. Don keɓance yaduwar wannan al'ada ta shuka-kai, yakamata a yanke duk gwaje-gwajen a kai a kai kafin su sami lokacin farawa.
Yadda ake ruwa da ciyarwa
Idan akwai bushewar lokaci mai tsawo, to, chionodoxes na buƙatar samar da tsari da kuma wadataccen shawo mai yawa. Wajibi ne a shayar da tsirrai da sanyin safiya, yayin ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa ba zubukan ruwa su bayyana akan furanni ba. Ana amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa ba sanyi.
Irin wannan shuka yana ciyar da takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun. Misali, zaku iya ɗaukar Nitroammofosku, an gabatar dashi cikin ƙasa a farkon bazara, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga fure mai tsayi da yawa. Idan takin yana da girma, to lallai ne a rarraba su a saman shafin, kuma bayan haka an sassauta ƙasa, saboda wannan zai hanzarta inganta ci gaban abinci mai gina jiki a cikin tsarin tushen shuka.
Yadda ake watsa da yayatawa
Abu mafi sauƙi ne kuma mafi sauri don yada irin wannan shuka ta yara waɗanda suke buƙatar rabuwa da shuka na iyaye. Domin shekara 1, yara 2-4 suna girma a cikin daji ɗaya.
A wuri guda ba tare da dasawa ba, chionodoxes sun sami damar girma na kimanin shekaru 10. Koyaya, masanan lambu sun ba da shawarar cewa sau ɗaya kowace shekara 5 ko 6, an cire nests daga ƙasa, rarraba da dasa. Kwararan fitila ya kamata a haƙa daga tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen Yuli, a wannan lokacin da ɓangaren m na daji ya kamata ya juya rawaya da bushe. Kwararan fitila ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na watan Agusta ko kuma a farkon kwanakin watan Satumba; an adana nests a cikin duhu, bushe da sanyi (digiri 15 zuwa 17) kafin dasa shuki. Bayan an cire gida daga ƙasa, ba a ba da shawarar rabuwa da yara daga ita ba, saboda mafi ƙanƙanin su na iya mutuwa kafin sauka. Zai fi kyau a yi rabo daga gida kafin dasa shuki da kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa.
Idan chionodoxes sun riga sun girma a kan rukunin yanar gizonku, to girma su daga tsaba ba lallai ba ne, tunda waɗannan furanni suna haifarwa sosai ta hanyar shukawa. A kan tsaba akwai halittar jiki wanda tururuwa take yi wa ado kawai. Sabili da haka, suna ɗaukar tsaba kuma suna ɗaukar su zuwa nesa mai kyau. Shuke-shuke da aka yi girma daga tsaba a karo na farko fara Bloom bayan shekaru 2 ko 3.
Cin nasara
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka yi fure, zasu buƙaci cire duk kiban. Ba a taɓa ganye ba, an yanke shi ne kawai bayan wilting (a cikin rabin na biyu na Yuli). Wannan fure sosai yana iya tsayawa sanyi. Amma idan ya girma a cikin yankinku na buɗe, to a ƙarshen kaka kuna buƙatar jefa farfajiyarsa tare da rassan fir danshi ko kuma lokacin farin ciki ganye na ganye. A cikin yankuna masu sauƙin yanayi, inji ba ya buƙatar tsari a kowane yanayi.
Cutar da kwari
Chionodox al'ada ce ta bulbous, sabili da haka tana iya kamuwa da cututtuka irin su sclerotiniosis, septoria, launin toka, fusariosis da achelenchoid. Wadannan cututtukan, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna lalata kwan fitila da kanta, wanda ke ɓoye daga idanun mai lambu da ƙasa, kuma an shuka shuka, kawai ya san lokacin da daji ya juya launin toka, ya ɓoye kuma ba abin da za a iya canzawa. Dangane da wannan, kafin dasa shuki, daskarar da albasarta ya zama tilas, saboda wannan, ana amfani da maganin Fundazole. Hakanan, don prophylaxis, wanda bai isa ya ƙyale ruwan ya yi tururi a cikin ƙasa ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da bayyanar rot ɗin a jikin kwararan fitila, don haka kuna buƙatar shayar da furanni kaɗan.
Babban haɗarin dukkanin kwari ga wannan al'ada shine larvae na tushen makiyaya kashin, har ma da rodents. Suna kuma iya cutar da kwan fitila. Don kawar da ticks, ya kamata a fesa daji tare da acaricide (Actara, Akarin, Actellik, Agravertin, da dai sauransu). Kuma zaku iya share yankin ku na moles da berayen ta hanyar yada barran maciyar a wurare da yawa.
Nauyoyi da nau'ikan chionodoxes tare da hotuna da sunaye
A cikin yanayin, akwai nau'ikan chionodoxes 6, duk da haka, lambu suna girma 3 kawai daga gare su, da kuma nau'ikan halittu iri daban-daban da nau'ikan da aka samo daga waɗannan nau'in ta shayarwa.
Chionodox Forbes (Chionodoxa forbesii), ko Chionodox Tmolus (Chionodoxa tmolusi)
A cikin daji, wannan nau'in ya girma a kudancin Turkiya. Tsawon daji ya kai kimanin 0.25 m. A farjin yana ɗaukar hoto mara nauyi, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 15 na ruwan hoda ko fararen launi. Wannan tsire-tsire ba sa kafa tsaba, amma kwararan fitila sun cika da yara kowane yanayi. Noma tun 1976. Yawancin al'adu:
- Alba - launin furanni launin fari-dusar fari;
- Blue jain - perianth a cikin wannan shuka suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi;
- Pink jain - furanni na wannan nau'in ana fentin su a cikin launi mai laushi-lavender.
Chionodox Lucilia (Chionodoxa luciliae), ko kuma babban chionodox (Chionodoxa gigantea)
Wannan nau'in ya samu sunan ta da girmamawa ga Lucille Boissier. An samo shi cikin yanayi a cikin tsaunukan Asiya .arami. Tsawon daji yakai kimanin 0.2 m. Fuskokin ganye na irin wannan shuka ana girka su, layi a sifa. Abun da ya shafi inflorescences ya hada da furanni 10, a cikin inci ya kai kimanin milimita 30, ana fentin su da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, kuma makogwaronsu fari. Cigaba tun a shekarar 1764. Mafi mashahuri iri a tsakanin lambu sune:
- Fari. Tsawon daji bai wuce santimita 10 ba. Furanni suna fentin fari kuma dansandan su shine milimita 25. A cikin tseren tsere guda ɗaya, akwai kusan furanni 3 ko 4.
- Ruwan hoda. Furanni masu ruwan hoda masu launin shuɗi tare da ɗan ƙaramin launin shuɗi. A cikin al'adun gargajiya, nau'ikan wannan nau'in - hionodoxa Rose Sarauniya (aka Rosie Sarauniya ko Pink Sarauniya) sanannen shahara ne: a cikin wannan shuka ana fentin furanni a cikin inuwa mai ban sha'awa sosai na ruwan hoda.
- Giant fari. Furanni a saman sun kai milimita 40.
Sioninian Chionodox (Chickodoxa sardensis)
Wurin haihuwa irin wannan Asiya .arami ce. Dajin yana da nau'i-nau'i na fararen ganye. Ofarfin ƙaƙƙarfan shinge ya kai santimita 12; suna ɗaukar inflorescences na kwance, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 10 na launin shuɗi mai zurfi, ya kai 20 mm ko'ina. An noma ta tun daga 1885. Akwai nau'ikan lambun, launin furanni wanda zai iya zama ruwan hoda ko fari.
Har yanzu masu shayarwa sun kasance suna samun sabbin nau'ikan irin su chwarodox dwarf, ko Cretan, chionodox da Ms. Lock. Koyaya, jinsunan kansu ba su fara shuka su ba daga lambu. Mai shayarwa V. Khondyrev, ta amfani da nau'ikan wannan tsiro, ya sami damar ƙirƙirar jerin abubuwa masu yawa: Watercolor, Artemis, Absolute, Atlantis, Andromeda, Aphrodite da Arctic. Abubuwan gado da aka kirkira ta hanyar wucewa ganye sau biyu da Chinesodoxes na Forbes suma sun shahara tsakanin yan lambu.Wannan ana kiransu chionoscyls: tsayin bushes bai wuce santimita 10 ba, ana tattara kananan furanni masu launin shudi a cikin manyan launuka.
