Fure a cikin gida Oxalis ko Oxalis shine tsire-tsire na perennial ko shrub mallakar dangin Acidaceae. A cikin vivo, yana girma a yankuna mai zafi, wurare masu zafi da kuma wurare masu zafi na duka mahaɗan guda biyu. Acitropical da wurare masu zafi nau'in acidity sune tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa har zuwa 40 cm tsayi tare da mai tushe mai rarrafe. Blooms dangane da jinsin kusan duk shekara zagaye. Furanni masu launin shuɗi ne, fararen fari, ruwan hoda, shunayya, wanda aka tattara cikin laima-dimbin yawa. Fruit - kwalin da sashes, a ciki wanda akwai ƙwaya. Underasan da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine rhizome. Zai iya zama creeping ko lumpy. Dankin yana da dukiyar buɗewa da nada takardu ganye, ya danganta da lokacin. Inflorescences na tsirrai suna nuna halayen su, a cikin dare ko a cikin ruwan sama. Abubuwan da ke tattare da nau'in ciyayi shima yana shafar launin ruwan tabin ganye. Tsarin launi na fure ya bambanta daga launuka masu duhu zuwa duhu furanni masu launin shuɗi. Wannan ciyawar cikin gida ce wacce bata da tsari wanda baya buƙatar yanayi na tsarewa. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, octalis blooms akai-akai kuma suna haske. Don waɗannan halayen, tsire-tsire yana da mashahuri sosai, duka tsakanin masu son ciyayi na gida, da kuma tsakanin masu plantan shuka kwararru.
Lura da irin yadda acid din yake yake yake cikin hotunan dake ƙasa:
Menene dakin acid yayi kama: nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan tsire-tsire tare da hotuna, sunaye da kwatancinsu
A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 900 na wannan ciyayi. Koyaya, ba kowane nau'i da nau'in fure mai tsami ba ne wanda ya dace da girma a gida. Kowannensu yana da halaye da abubuwan rayuwa a cikin yanayin tsarewa. Yawancin nau'ikan da aka lissafa a ƙasa sun dace da namo waje. Mai zuwa jerin nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsami waɗanda suka fi dacewa da haɓakar cikin gida:
Kislitsa Depp (O. deppei).
Iron mai amfani da baƙin ƙarfe (O. adenophylla).
Acid ruwan hoda (O. rosea).
Triangular acid (O. triangularis).
Ingantaccen Oxalis (Oxalis purpurea).
Oxalis vulgaris (Oxalis acetosella).
Oxalis mai amfani.
Shaggy ko acidic oxalis (Oxalis lasiandra).
Oxalis Bowie (Oxalis Bowiei).
Oxygen Ortgisa (Oxalis ortgiesii).
Kislitsa Obtuza (Oxalis obtusa).
Giant Oxalis (Oxalis gigantea).
Carob Oxygen (Oxalis corniculata).
Oxalis ja (Oxalis ja).
Nine mai ginin Oxalis (Oxalis enneaphylla Cav.).
Hedisaric acid (Oxalis hedysaroides).
Oxalis matalauta (Oxalis inops).
Nasturtium acid (Oxalis tropaeoloides).
Duk nau'ikan acidity (tare da hotuna da suna) an taƙaice su a ƙasa:
Kislitsa Depp ko ganye huɗun sun fi yawa a cikin amfanin gona na gida. Wani fasalin nau'in wannan acid shine siffar ganye, mai kama da ganye mai ɗaukar hoto. Farantin ganye yana kunshe da irin wannan kuma yana da tsakiyar da aka bayyana dashi launin ruwan kasa. Itace ya kai girman 35 cm, kuma tsawon ganyayyakin shine 4-5 cm .. An tattara furanni cikin inflorescences har zuwa 2 cm a diamita kuma suna da launi mai launin shuɗi.
Iron Dank - Wannan karamin tsire-tsire ne, wanda ya kai tsawo na cm 10 cm. Launi na faranti ganye launin toka-kore. Ganyayyaki suna da fadi da yawa. Tana da manyan furanni masu launi ruwan hoda mai laushi tare da launuka masu launin shuɗi ko ratsi.
Acikin ruwan hoda - A bayanin shuka ya kamata fara da ambaci da cewa shi ne mai sosai yalwataccen fure iri-iri. Ya kai tsawo na cm 35. Farantin ganye ya ƙunshi ganyayyaki 5-6 na launin kore mai haske. Flowersananan furanni masu launi mai haske mai haske tare da jijiyoyin jini, sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni 5.
Triangular iri-iri tsire-tsire suna da palette mai launi mai fadi. Its inflorescences za a iya fentin da fari, ruwan hoda ko shunayya. Leaf faranti - launin shuɗi mai duhu, ya ƙunshi ganye 3. Wannan nau'in yana kula da ƙananan yanayin zafi da zane.
Octalis Magenta - wani fure mai dauke da faranti mai zagaye. A cikin diamita, ganye zasu iya kai cm 7. An tattara su a cikin kananan safa na 8 guda. Furen an yi fentin cikin ruwan hoda mai haske ko fari.
A cikin duk nau'in fure na Turai na gidan acid, oxalis vulgaris shine mafi mashahuri. An shuka shi ko'ina ko'ina cikin masoya amfanin gona da yawa na gida. Wata ƙaramar shuka ce mai tsini zuwa 10 cm. Takardun ganye na juyawar zuciyar, an rufe ta da gajerun gashi. Furanni suna farare da ruwan hoda mai ratsin ko ruwan hoda.
An bambanta launuka masu launuka masu yawa ta launi na musamman na fure - farin toho mai ɗauke da ratsi ja da rawaya mai launin shuɗi. Yayi kyau sosai, musamman ma bayan an bude inflorescences, lokacin da furanni suka yi fari a ciki kuma masu haske a waje.
Shaggy kirim - yana da tsire-tsire na perennial ba tare da mai tushe ba, suna samar da nodules. Dajin ya kai tsayin cm 30-35. Farantin ganye ya ƙunshi ganye 8-9, waɗanda suke da launin ruwan kasa ko ɗigo-dige daga ƙasa. Furannin an tattara furanni masu launin shuɗi ko jan launi.
Kislitsa Bouvy - bayanin ya kamata ya fara da ambaton cewa wannan shine mafi yawan nau'in fure. Faranti masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi suna haɗe zuwa harbe na bakin ciki har zuwa tsawon cm 25. Furen yana kan dogayen falo kuma ana fentin su cikin inuwa mai ruwan hoda mai haske.
Kislitsa Ortgisa - Shahararren iri ne a cikin amfanin gonar gida. Yana da karamin fure tare da ɗanɗana mai tushe. Takardun Leaf sun kai tsawon 7 cm kuma sun ƙunshi ganye uku. Brown-ja foliage tare da farfajiya farfajiya. Furanni masu launin shuɗi, waɗanda aka tattara cikin inflorescences na 7-10 guda. A diamita, sandunan fure ya kai 1.5 cm.
Octalis Obtuza - Wannan ciyayi ne mai cike da kwari mai girma har zuwa santimita 11. Ganyayyun ganyayyaki suna ɗan ƙara fitowa kuma suna da launi mai haske mai cike da haske. Furanni - bututu suna da filaye 5, an fentin su cikin inuwa ta peach.
Giant iri-iri - tsiro mai tsayi na 2 m. Fuskar Leaf ta ƙunshi ganye uku. Furen fure yana da fure mai rawaya. Ana saukar da rassan dan kadan zuwa gindin, kuma harbe ya yi daidai.
Tasirin carob acid ya kasance a kan nuni na dogon lokaci ba wai kawai daga masu siyayya ba, amma har da masana da yawa. Ganyen mai launi mai launi ceri mai haske-lilac launin ruwan hoda a hade tare da karamin watsar da inflorescences rawaya yana ƙirƙirar shuka mai haske sosai. Tana da iska mai birgewa wacce ke girma da sauri.
Ja iri-iri ya bambanta a cikin babban girman (ya kai girman 40 cm). Farantin ganye yana kunshe da ganyayyaki guda uku. Furen an yi fentin cikin jan ko ruwan hoda.
Nine-ganye m - Wannan karamin tsire-tsire har zuwa 10 cm. Leafy ganye suna pinnate, ana fentin su da launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi. Furanni furanni ne matsakaiciyar launin fari ko ruwan hoda.
Hedisaric acid - Wannan shi ne perennial tsumburai ciyayi. A tsayi ya kai cm 30-35. Harbe yana da launin launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Sau uku takaddara takaddara. Furanni masu launin rawaya, matsakaici a girma.
Kislitsa matalauta - Wannan ciyayi ne mara iyaka tare da doya mai tsayi. Farantin takardar ya ƙunshi zanen gado uku. Furanni suna da yawa, ana fentin su cikin launuka masu ruwan hoda mai duhu tare da tsakiyar rawaya.
Octalis nasturtium - karamin tsiro ne wanda ya kai tsawo na cm 25-30. An zana faranti a cikin inuwar shuɗi mai duhu. Furanni masu launin rawaya ne, masu fure a duk lokacin bazara.
Dubi a hankali hotunan kowane nau'in acid mai tsami don cikakken binciken su:
Amma ga nau'o'in iri-iri, to, shayarwa sunyi aiki tuƙuru. A duk faɗin duniya akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 2,000. Isasan ƙasa taƙaitaccen bayani ne game da mafi yawan gama gari da kuma kamannun furanni masu tsami.
Kislitsa Iron Cross (O. tetraphylla "Iron Cross") - wani iri-iri da aka samo daga Depp ƙwaya. Wani fasalin shine bayyananniyar launin ruwan kasa a tsakiyar farantin takardar. Furanni masu haske ne matsakaici mai matsakaici.
Sa "Pink Mafarki" zuriya ce daga jinsunan ja octalis. Ya bambanta a cikin kodadde ruwan hoda furanni da zagaye sau uku ganye.
Kislitsa "Sarauniya Elizabeth" - Wannan zaɓi ne mai ganye iri-iri. Ya bambanta a cikin nau'i mai furen fure mai fure, waɗanda aka fentin su a cikin hue mai laushi mai haske tare da fure mai launin shuɗi.
"Minutifolia" wata itaciya ce karami ta irin wannan nau'in, tana yin fure a ƙarshen bazara da farkon bazara.
Bambancin "Rubra" shi ne sakamakon zaɓi na nau'in odisarium octalis. Babban fasalin shine launi mai haske mai launi na furanni na shuka.
Duk nau'ikan acid mai tsami an gabatar dasu tare da hoto, a hankali ku dube su:
Shawarwarin kan yadda za a kula da acid na kirim mai tsami a gida
Kafin ka fara kula da acid a gida, ya kamata ka saurari shawarwarin masu girbin fure kuma ka mai da hankali kan wasu abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli:
- Wurin.
- Zazzabi
- Jin zafi.
- Yanayin Watering.
- Taki.
Amma ga wurin, acidity yana buƙatar kyakkyawan haske. Da rashin sa, shuka tayi zagi kuma ta zama mara amfani. Amma hasken rana kai tsaye yana yin zafi ga ganyen fure. Irin wannan zafin rana yana iya haifar da ƙonewa ga tsire mai ƙanshi. Zai fi kyau a sanya tukunyar fure a gefen yamma ko a gefen bangarorin.
Game da kiyaye dakin acid a gida cikin yanayin zafin jiki mai sauki ne. Room zafin jiki na dakin da ake bukata. A lokacin rani, shuka shine mafi kyau don motsawa zuwa gonar ko baranda. Matsakaicin mafi kyau duka lokacin rani shine 18-20 ͦ C, kuma a cikin hunturu bazai ƙasa da 7 ͦ C. Yana fifita sanyi ba, amma yana jure da zafi mai sauƙi.
Don mafi girma mafi kyau, furen yana buƙatar matsakaicin matsakaici. A cikin lokacin zafi, saka pallet tare da pebbles rigar ko aka fesa daga kwalban feshi. Koyaya, shuka ya yi haƙuri fari sosai.
Kafin ka fara kula da fure na cikin gida na acid mai tsami dangane da shayarwa, ka tuna babban abinda - danshi mai yawa a cikin coma a duniya yana cutarwa ga furen. Koda a lokacin bazara, kasar gona yakamata ya bushe kadan. Zai fi kyau ruwa 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 4-5 tare da ƙananan rabo na ruwa mai laushi. A cikin hunturu, lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 7-9 ya isa.
Don cikakkiyar kulawa da acid a gida, yin amfani da takin mai narkewa wajibi ne. Sau ɗaya a wata, ana ciyar da tsire tare da cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai a lokacin daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara zuwa farkon kaka.
Ya danganta da nau'in acid din, za su iya ko ba za su iya samun lokacin hutawa ba. Wasu don hunturu gaba ɗaya sun rage ganye, kuma ana iya adana nodules ɗinsu a cikin jakar sana'a a cikin firiji, wasu na iya yin ado taga sill duk shekara. Sabili da haka, don kulawa da kyau a gida don fure mai tsami, ya zama dole don samar da shuka tare da lokacin hutawa. A lokacin girma, shayarwa na yau da kullun wajibi ne - acid ɗin yana da danshi-ƙauna, ba za a iya overdried.
Yadda za a shuka da kuma juya acid a gida a cikin sabon tukunya
Dasa ɗanɗano, har da cikakken kulawa, sashe ne mai mahimmanci na kulawar da ta dace. Juyayin karamin shuka zai zama buƙatar kowace shekara a bazara. Furen furanni na iya zama mai yuwuwar sabunta ƙasa - 1 lokaci cikin shekaru 2-3. Mafi dacewa da substrate shine humus, ganye da sod ƙasa a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1. Kuna iya shirya ƙasa da kanka ko sayan kayan hade da aka yi da earthen a cikin shagon musamman. Amma tare da samar da albarkatun mai na yankuna, ya zama dole a tsaftace shi da farko, saboda cakuda na iya ƙunsar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba a son su don shuka gida, suna haifar da cututtuka daban-daban na tsarin tushen, gami da launin toka. Don aiwatar da shafewar substrate, ya isa kawai a ɗanɗana shi a cikin tanda ko a cikin tanda.
Kafin dasa gidan acid acid, zabi akwati domin ta. Ana buƙatar tukunya da fadi da zurfi kuma ba zurfi ba, 15-18 cm tsayi, kuma 22-30 cm a diamita .. Yayinda fure take girma, yakamata a zaɓi ƙarfin 3-4 cm a diamita. Abu mai tilas a yayin sake dasa wata shuka yana sanya magudanar magudanar ruwa. Wannan ya zama dole don zubar da yalwar wuce haddi da kuma zagayawa iska ta al'ada. Godiya ga wannan Layer, dunƙarar ƙurar ba zata zama ruwa ba, wanda ke rage haɗarin ayyukan sa-kai. A matsayin magudanar ruwa, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da yumɓu mai yumɓu na matsakaici ko ƙarami.
Mai zuwa ya bayyana dalla-dalla yadda za a shuka ingantacciyar shuka:
- Zuba farin yumbu zuwa 4 cm lokacin farin ciki a cikin sabon tukunya.
- Yi gurɓataccen cakuda ƙasa ko shirye-shiryen girke-girke da aka shirya.
- Zuba Layer tare da kauri na 6 cm a cikin akwati.
- A hankali cire tsire daga tukunyar ba tare da lalata tsarin tushe ba.
- Cire babban abincin, amma kada ka cire tsohuwar ƙammar dunƙule.
- Shuka fure a cikin sabuwar tukunya, tana bacci tare da ƙaramin digiri zuwa ƙarshen gefen ganga.
- Zuba shuka a cikin yalwar ruwa tare da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a ɗakin.
Bidiyon da ke ƙasa ya nuna daki-daki yadda ake watsa matasa ƙwaya a gida. Dubi shi don amincewa da amincin ayyukan ka yayin aiwatar dashi:
Yadda ake girma acidity na cikin gida: yaduwa ta ganye da tubers
Don samun zuriyar ɗanɗanar acid a gida, masu girbi masu tsire-tsire suna amfani da hanyoyi da yawa:
- Yaduwa ta hanyar tsiron ganye.
- Baƙaƙe.
- Hanyar rarrabawa tushen tsarin.
- A tsaba.
Yaduwar fure mai zobo da ganye itace ɗayan hanyoyi mafi sauƙi don samun sababbin tsire-tsire. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zaɓar harbi har zuwa 10 cm tsayi kuma tare da akalla ganye 3. A hankali a yanka shi da wuka mai kaifi ko almakashi. Sanya hannun a cikin gilashin ruwan zafin jiki. Bayan kwanaki 17-20, Tushen har zuwa 5 cm tsayi zai yi girma a kan harbin. Bayan wannan, ya zama dole dasa shuki da aka kafe a cikin abin da ake buƙata ya kuma shayar da shi da kyau. Da farko, dole ne a kiyaye shuka daga rana mai haske, amma yayin da harbi ya girma, ana iya tsawaita lokacin iskar rana.
Yadda ake girma acidity tare da tubers an bayyana su daki-daki. Don nasarar germination, samfurin riga mai girma na fure ya zama dole. Tubers an kafa a kusa da babban tushen shaft, wanda dole ne a rabu a hankali, kuma dasa a cikin wani akwati dabam. Don haka ya isa yayyafa tare da bakin ciki (har zuwa 4 cm) ƙasa mai ƙanshi kuma zuba ruwa mai tsabta a zazzabi a ɗakin. A cikin aiwatar da tushen 'ya mace a farfajiya na duniya matasa ganye na ganye za a fara gani. Dukkanin aikin yana ɗaukar watanni 2-3.
Farfad da acidification ta hanyar rarraba rhizomes da tsaba (tare da bidiyo)
Yaduwa da fure acid na cikin gida ta hanyar rhizome shine hanya mafi gama gari don samar da zuriya masu kore. Ana aiwatar da shi yayin aikin dasa ciyayi a cikin sabon akwati. Don yin wannan, a hankali cire tsire daga tukunyar kuma cire saman duniya. Bayan haka, an yanke wani sashi na shuka tare da tushen tsarin kusa da shi a hankali a yanke shi daga babban fure. An kula da wuraren yankan tare da foda gawayi. Kowane sashi ana shuka shi ne a cikin tukunya daban tare da matattarar magudanar ruwa da substrate na abinci. Bayan haka, ana shayar da furanni da ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin.
Girma dakin acid daga tsaba shine mafi girman hanyar da za'a yaɗa fure. Yana buƙatar shiri na cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki. Madadin ya ƙunshi humus, peat da yashi gauraye a cikin rabo na 4: 4: 1. Bayan shafe ƙasa, sanya shi a cikin tukunya mai fadi. Watsa kayan dasawa a saman farfajiyar ƙasa. Tsabtace kasar gona ta hanyar fesa ruwa mai tsabta-da zazzabi daga kwalban fesa. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse, godiya ga wanda tsaba zasu fara shuka. Don yin wannan, rufe tukunya tare da polyethylene mai yawa ko gilashi.Kada a ajiye kwantena masu tsire-tsire a zazzabi na 17 ͦ C kuma a cikin yanayi mai amfani da hasken rana. Kowace rana ya kamata ku sha iska da greenhouse da dan kadan sanyaya substrate. A cikin kwanaki 10-40, farawa na farko zai bayyana.
Cututtuka da kwari na acidity (tare da hoto)
Daga cikin dukkan kwari, mafi na kowa:
- Aphids.
- Garkuwa.
- Spider mite.
Don kawar da waɗannan kwari, ya zama dole don cire duk sassan da aka shafa na fure. Bayan wanke shuka tare da sabulu mai wanki kuma ku bi da shi tare da actelik bisa ga umarnin.
Kalli hotunan kwaro wanda aka shafa wa fure mai tsami don cikakken bayani:
Daga cikin cututtukan fure na acidic, launin toka da fusariosis na iya faruwa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, irin wannan cututtukan suna haɓaka tare da kiyayewa mara kyau da kula da furen gida. Mafi sau da yawa, yawan wuce haddi da ruwa da kuma hydration na shuka sune babban dalilin aiwatar da ayyukan sa maye. Tare da yin watsi da dogon matsalar, octalis na iya mutuwa. Don ingantaccen magani, kuna buƙatar sabunta fure daga cikin ƙurar ƙurar, yayin kawar da duk sassan da ke cikin tushen tsarin. Bayan dasa shuki a cikin sabon sanduna da rage yawan ruwa.
Kalli hotunan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan acid da abin ya shafa don dubawa gabaɗaya:
Idan kuna da alamu guda ɗaya akan ciyawar gida, fara magani nan da nan.
