Sashen: angiosperms (Magnoliophyta).
Fasali: monocotyledonous (Monocotyledones).
Oda: asparagaceous (Asparagales).
Iyali: iris (Iridaceae).
Jinsi: crocus (Crocus).
Duba: Etruscan crocus (C. etruscus).
Etruscan crocus wani ɓarnataccen tsufa ne wanda yake haɓaka mai tsayi zuwa cm 10 10. Dangane da bayanin nasa, crocus yana kama da duk tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na dangin Iris. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gabatar muku da ilmin halitta na haɓaka, aikace-aikace da mahimmancin crocus, za ku gaya muku adadin crocuses na fure, da kuma samar da wata dama don ganin hotunan furannin crocus.
Ganyen suna da fadi, layin layi, har zuwa 0.8 cm mai fadi kuma zuwa 10 cm tsayi. Za a iya samun uku ko hudu daga gare su a kan shuka daya.
Kula da hoton fure furanni - dukansu suna da aure, maza biyu ne, na yau da kullun, ƙwanƙwasa kararrawa, har zuwa tsawon cm 8. Tepals suna da shunayya, a ciki tare da jijiyoyin shuɗi na bakin ciki, a ƙasan an jefa su cikin bututu mai kunkuntar. Stamens da pestle dogaye ne, bakin ciki, lemu mai haske. 'Ya'yan itacen itace madaidaicin silong har zuwa 2.5 cm tsawo tare da wasu ƙananan tsaba masu zagaye.
Etruscan crocus an samo shi ne kawai a Italiya: a tsakiya da kuma kudancin Tuscany, a cikin lardunan Grosseto, Livorno, Pisa da Siena. Yankin yanki na halitta shine kusan kilomita 1202, yawan jama'a ƙanana ne da gasa. Yawancin abubuwan binciken an yi su ne a tsaunin Monte Calvi, Monte Leoni, Monte Amyata da Massa Marittima. Yawan jinsunan suna zaune ne a cikin dazuzzukan daji tare da yawancin itacen oak da ƙwaya a wani tsawan sama da ya kai 600 m sama da matakin teku.
Nawa karkara da yawa
Etruscan crocus yana yaduwa ta iri da kuma ciyayi ta hanyar 'ya'ya mata. Crocuses Bloom daga Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, kwari da kwari. Kwayar ciki ne a karkashin kasa. A watan Mayu - Yuni, lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen suka fashe, karar ta fara budewa da tura shi zuwa farfajiya. Kwalin kwandon, ya zube a qasa ya tsiro kusa da shuka mahaifiyar.
Crocus Saffron
Crocus Saffron yana ɗayan mafi tsufa kuma mafi tsada da kayan yaji, wakiltar bushewar ƙuraje na pistils na dasa crocus (C. sativus). Ya shahara a duk faɗin duniya, amma musamman a cikin Bahar Rum, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Asiya ta Tsakiya. Yawancin filayen kiwo suna cikin Iran, Spain, Turkiya da Girka. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an ƙara saffron mai launin shinkafa a cikin shinkafa, samfuran kullu, miya da giya. Baya ga dandano mai laushi, yana ba da jita-jita mai launi mai rawaya mai daɗi, wanda aka samo shi saboda babban abun da ke tattare da crocetin - wani launi daga ƙungiyar carotenoid.
Ma'anar da aikace-aikacen crocus
Ana amfani da Crocus sosai a ƙirar ƙasa. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna ƙawata gadaje na fure a farkon bazara, lokacin da yawancin sauran tsire-tsire ba suyi fure ba, ko a ƙarshen kaka, lokacin da mutane da yawa sun riga sun yi fure.
A cikin duka akwai nau'ikan sama da 300, mafi yawansu suna dogara ne da crocuses na bazara (C.vernus), crocuses na zinare (C. chrysanthus), rawaya (C. flavus) da mai ruɓi biyu (C. biflorus). Etruscan crocus yana jin daɗin al'ada. Saboda kyakkyawa da kwatankwacinsa, an bashi kyautar lambar yabo ta Firdausi daga Royal Society of Gardeners na Great Britain.
Sunan genus Crocus a helenanci yana nufin "zaren", da kalmar "Saffron" a cikin fassarar kusanci daga Larabci - "rawaya". A zamanin da, Saffron an yi amfani da shi wajen lalata yadudduka masu tsada da takalma. An gabatar dashi ga sarakuna da manyan mutane a matsayin alama ta karfi da arziki.
A cikin tsufa, an dauki Saffron a matsayin aphrodisiac; crocus kuma yana da matukar mahimmanci a cikin cututtukan cututtukan numfashi, raunin narkewa da baƙar fata (baƙar fata).
An cinye shi a ciki an kuma ƙara shi da ruwan wanka.
Kwararan fitila da yardar rai suna cin boars daji. Wata barazanar da ake yiwa shuka ita ce take hakkin mazaunin ɗan adam. A yau, matsayin mafi yawan alumma suna tabbata, amma yana iya yin taɓarɓarewa nan gaba.
Tarihin furen fure
Idan kun yi imani da tsohuwar labari na fure crocus, wannan shine sunan saurayin da ya fada cikin ƙauna tare da nymph Smilaks kuma ya fara biye da ita a kan sheqa, yana rera waƙoƙin baƙin ciki. Ba da daɗewa ba yarinyar ta sami gundura, kuma ta nemi gumaka su kawar da ita daga mai hankali. Crocus ya juya ya zama fure, tsakaninta da harshen harshen wuta ya cika.
