Furanni furanni ne mai rai, fure kuma sarauniyar furanni ce. Aroanshinta da nau'o'in nau'ikan inflorescences sun farka a cikinmu duka mafi dacewa da kyau. Da yawa suna son samun fure a cikin yankin su, suna hassada suna kallon sarauniya suna haskakawa da maƙwabta saboda kyawun su, amma suna tsoron “wahala” kuma suna barin begensu a cikin mafarkansu don samun irin wannan kyakkyawa.
A zahiri, a cikin girma wardi, mafi mahimman asirin shine buri da ƙarfin zuciya. Me yakamata ayi la'akari da dasa shuki a fure? Bari mu gano.
Rosa Grace daga David Austin.
Zabi wani wuri da shirya ƙasa don dasa shuki
Don wardi, buɗe, wuraren da ke da kariya daga iska sun gwammace. Kafin dasa, wajibi ne don shirya ƙasa sosai. Isasa tana da kyau a shirye idan tana ƙunshe da isasshen abubuwan gina jiki, humus kuma babu kwari. Kafin fara dasa shuki, wardi an shirya, aka kasu kashi uku, ana shirya kayan dasa abubuwa zuwa maki, kuma an shirya kayan aikin dasa.
Yaushe shuka dasa wardi?
Kuna iya samun kyakkyawan kayan shuka, shirya ƙasa sosai kuma har ma da kula da wardi, amma idan ba a shuka su daidai ba, da inganci da yawan aiki na bushes, ingancin furanni zai kasance ƙasa da ƙasa kamar yadda ake shuka kyau. Babban aikin dasa shine tabbatar da cikakken rayuwa. Lokaci na dasa shuki wardi an ƙaddara shi da yanayin yanayin yankin. Kuna iya dasa wardi a cikin bazara da kaka. Tsarin kaka yana biyan kuɗi lokacin kare tsire-tsire daga sanyi da danshi. Wardi da aka shuka a wannan lokacin suna haɓaka waɗanda suka fi shuka girma a bazara.
Jiƙa tushen wardi a cikin wani bayani na gina jiki.
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa - kafin farkon kullun sanyi - yana tabbatar da tsira tushen rayuwa. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, kwanaki 10-12 bayan dasa shuki a cikin kaka, ƙaramin fararen ƙarami ne suka fara tashi a kan tushen, wanda, kafin farkon sanyi, suna da lokaci don taurara da juya launin ruwan kasa, wato, suna ɗaukar kamannin tushen gashi mai aiki. Ta wannan hanyar, bushes hunturu da kyau, kuma a cikin bazara duka biyu tushen da kuma finar sassa na tsire-tsire fara ci gaba nan da nan. Wani lokaci a kudu da buds na sababbin dasa wardi fara sprout a cikin fall. Wannan bai kamata a firgita ba. A wannan yanayin, ana yin yajin koren fure bayan samuwar ganye na uku. Idan ganyayen na uku bai riga ya kirkiro ba, amma ana ɗaukar sanyi, to, ana girma pinched mai fure don ƙara tushe mai tsayi 5-10 mm ya rage daga gindinsa.
Yawancin lokaci a cikin kaka akwai karin dama don samun kyawawan kayan shuka don wardi. Da yake karɓar shi a ƙarshen Satumba, yana yiwuwa a dasa shi - tare da tsari mai dacewa don hunturu, wardi ba zai shuɗe ba. Samun karban wardi a ƙarshen bazara, yana da kyau a haƙa su don ajiyar lokacin hunturu, alal misali, a cikin yashi mai laushi da yawa (40-50 cm) a cikin ginin ƙasa tare da zazzabi daga 0 zuwa 2an 2 ° 2 С. Kada dakin ya bushe, in ba haka ba ana lokaci-lokaci ana yayyafa shi da ruwa zuwa yanayin zafi na kusan kashi 70-80%.
Kuna iya ajiye abu mai dasa a buɗe a cikin maɓuɓɓugar ko rami a ƙarƙashin wata alfarwa. An shirya maɓuɓɓugan don haka tsakanin ƙasa da tsari akwai rata na 5-10 cm, wanda hanyar iska dole ta wuce. Top tare mahara rufe allon. A cikin sanyi mai sanyi, ganye, allura ko ƙasa ana matse su a kan allunan. Zai ma fi kyau a yi amfani da hanyar adana bushewar iska don kayan girki na hunturu.
Digging ƙasa a wurin dasa wardi.
Sassauya ƙasa.
Tona rami domin dasa shuki daji.
A cikin bazara tare da dasa wardi kada ta yi latti. Daga karfi da dumama na kasar gona da rana, ruwa daga kyallen tsirrai da ake shukawa da sauri yana bushewa kuma tushen sa tushe. Idan seedlings na wardi da ɗan bushe, wato, a kore haushi a kan harbe ne wrinkled, domin wata rana abu yana nutsar cikin ruwa, bayan da aka haƙa a cikin m ƙasa a cikin inuwa kafin dasa.
Idan a lokacin jigilar da seedlings na wardi froze, to, suna sanya a cikin wani kunshin a cikin dakin sanyi don thawing.
Ana sarrafa wardi kafin dasa shuki
Kafin dasa, an yanke mai tushe da tushen domin adadin ragowar harbe sun yi daidai da adadin asalin asalinsu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yayin rami da sufuri wani bangare mai yawa daga tushen asara ya lalace. Rootsaramin Tushen ba zai iya samar da abinci mai gina jiki a farkon taro na ciyayi na ciyayi na sabuwar ciyawar da aka shuka ba. Bayan cire karin harbe, ragowar - uku suna gajarta zuwa 10-12 cm, suna barin raka'o'i biyu ko uku akan kowane ɗayan. Irin wannan pruning zai tabbatar da rayuwa mai kyau na shuka. Sau da yawa ba sa yin wannan, a sakamakon akwai babban hari na shuka.
Mun shuka fure mai lura da matakin.
Dasa wardi
Lokacin dasa shuki akan gona da aka riga aka noma, ko aka dasa ko kuma aka haƙa shi zuwa 50-60 cm, nisan da ke tsakanin layuka an bar shi daidai da girman abubuwan sarrafa kayan gona - 80-100 cm, nisan da ke cikin layin ya danganta da iri, kauri daga daji shine 30-60 cm. Girma an zaɓi dasa rami ko rami domin ya yuwu a sami damar sanya tushen a bakin murɗa.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin wuraren da ba a shuka ba, ana shirya ramuka na 40-50 cm a cikin girman .. Lokacin da aka haƙa irin waɗannan ramuka, saman ƙasa mai gina jiki 25 cm lokacin farin ciki yana dagewa daban daga ƙasa. Sa addan nan kuma kara zuwa babba Layer: takin gargajiya (mafi kyau daga taki mara kyau) - 8 kg a kowace rami dasa, superphosphate - 25 g kowace, potassium taki - 10 g kowace. An ɓace adadin ƙasa yana ɗauka daga ƙananan Layer. Duk wannan Mix da kyau. Coveredasan ramin an rufe shi da taki 10 cm mai ruɓa kuma an tono mashin a bayonet, sannan an rufe shi da ƙasa don sai an samar da wata madaidaiciya daga ƙasa wanda akan sa tushen sa.
Sannan sauran yankuna sun cika, suna girgiza Tushen su sanya su a gona. Don hana iska ta iska kusa da tushen, ƙasa bayan an dasa dan kadan ana haɗa shi, yin ƙaramin rami a kusa da daji don kada ruwa ya gudana yayin ban ruwa. Shayar a cikin kudi na 10 lita a kowace daji. Ranar da za a shuka, wurin da yakamata ya zama ya zama 3-4 cm a bayan kasa. Idan ya juya ya zama ƙasa, to ya kamata a ɗaga daji tare da felu kuma ya kamata a zuba ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa. Idan daji ya kasance sama da alamar, an tsallake shi.
Mun tattake duniya a wani fure mai fure kuma muka shayar da ita.
Bayan kwana biyu ko uku, an kwance kasar gona zuwa zurfin 3 cm kuma an shuka daji tare da ƙasa zuwa matakin yanke harbe, wato, cm 10. Da zaran an fara bunƙasa, an cire ƙasa daga harbe. Har ila yau, dasa shuki, har ganye na al'ada suka hau kansu, yana da amfani a fesa da sassafe ko da yamma kafin faɗuwar rana (wanda ya sa ganye su sami lokacin bushewa).
Mawallafi: Sokolov N.I.
