Halin halittar loosestrife yana wakiltar tsire-tsire, wanda zai iya zama shekara-shekara, perenni ko biennial. Wannan kwayar halittar tana daga cikin dangin Primrose. Irin wannan shuka ana kiranta da loosestrife, saboda ganyayen ta suna da kama da Willow (a Rasha ana kiranta da kowane irin willows). Game da sunan kimiyya, ana kiran waɗannan furanni da Lysimachus, wanda yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin A. Mai girma, ya zama mai mulkin Thrace da sarkin Makidoniya. Shekaru da yawa, masana sunyi kuskuren yin imani da cewa Lysimachus ne ya gano mai daukar ma'aikata. Wannan nau’in halittar ya hada halittu sama da 100. Ana iya samun yawancin nau'ikan a cikin Hemisphere na Arewa, kuma mafi daidai, a Gabas ta Asiya da Arewacin Amurka. A China, akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 70 na irin wannan. Akwai nau'ikan da suka girma a Afirka ta Kudu da Kudancin Amurka. Hakanan, ana iya samun waɗannan furanni a cikin daji a cikin ɓangaren Turai na Rasha, Caucasus da Tsakiyar Asiya.
Fasalin Loosestrife
A herbaceous shuka verbenik na iya zama shekara-shekara, biennial ko perennial. Harbe yana iya zama creeping ko madaidaici, kuma sauƙaƙan fararen ganye na musanyawa sune akasin haka kuma suna zina. Furannin furanni na iya zama wani ɓangare na corymbose ko ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalƙyali, ko kuma su kasance tsintsaye guda ɗaya. An zane su da launin shuɗi, fari ko ruwan hoda mai haske. 'Ya'yan itacen kwali ne na siffa ƙirar siffa.
An dauki Verbeynik dangi ne na al'adun kamar lactarius, primrose, cyclamen da ambilanthus. Wannan inji sanannen ne saboda unpretentiousness kuma, duk da cewa tana da ba bayyananniyar bayyanar ba, ya shahara sosai a tsakanin lambu. Gaskiyar ita ce, irin wannan al'ada ta fure sosai daɗi kuma na dogon lokaci.
Saukowa loosestrife a bude ƙasa
Wani lokaci don shuka
Don haifuwa na loosestrife, ana amfani da jigilar halitta (iri) da tsire-tsire. Shuka tsaba ake yi a cikin ƙasa bude a watan Yuni ko a Satumba (kafin hunturu). Kusan dukkan nau'ikan irin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fi son girma cikin wuri mai inuwa ko inuwa. A lokaci guda, ana bada shawarar loosestrife don dasa shi a cikin penumbra, amma kuma yana iya girma a cikin yanki mai cike da hasken. Za a iya girma a loosestrife purple kawai a wani yanki na buɗe, mai lumfashi.
Siffar Saukowa
Wurin da ya dace don dasa shukar wannan fure yakamata ya kasance da ƙasa mai-abinci mai gina jiki, yayin da ruwan karkashin ƙasa yakamata ya kasance kusa da ƙasa. Ya kamata ku sani cewa ana loontestrife ana yin monetized, loosestrife shine brushworm da loosestrife, idan ana so, za'a iya dasa shi a cikin tafki mai zurfi ba zurfin da bai wuce santimita 10 ba. Abun da ke cikin ƙasa na iya zama kowane, kawai loosestrife ke tsiro talauci akan ƙasa mai yumɓu.
Saukowa da loosestrife ana aiwatar da shi bayan an gama kasar gona da taki ko takin da aka yanka. Dasa kanta ba ta bambanta da dasa wasu tsirrai na lambu ba. Dole ne a sanya tushen tushen shuka a cikin karamin rami wanda aka riga aka hako shi, wanda aka cika shi da ƙasa, dole ne a takaita shi. Furannin da aka dasa furanni suna buƙatar kyakkyawan shayarwa. Lokacin dasa shuki tsakanin bushes, ya kamata a lura da aƙalla aƙalla centimita 50.
Kulawa da Kulawa
Shuka yanayin loosestrife abu ne mai sauki, har ma wani ɗan lambu mai ƙwarewa zai iya jurewa. Idan an dasa fure a kan ƙasa mai rigar, to, ba kwa buƙatar shayar da shi kwata-kwata. Koyaya, tare da tsawan fari, har yanzu wajibi ne don shayar da loosestrife. Ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da shuka a lokacin girma. Koyaya, a ƙarshen kaka, humus ya kamata a ƙara ƙasa.
Verbeynik shine tsire-tsire mai tayar da hankali, yawancin nau'ikan da ake kira ciliated verbose, speckled, or bristle masu launin. Don iyakance ci gaban irin wannan fure, yana da mahimmanci don tono abubuwan dakatarwa a kewayen bushes (filastik ko gungun ƙarfe, ko zaku iya ɗaukar zanen gado da ba dole ba). Idan ba a yi wannan ba, to ba da daɗewa ba loosestrife zai girma cikin gonar.
Lokacin da fure ya ƙare, wajibi ne don yanke duk inflorescences wilted. Cikakkun masu ɗaukar hoto a cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar yanke duk harbe.
Gudun ruwa
Dukkanin jinsunan wannan shuka suna girma a lokuta daban-daban kuma suna da matakai daban-daban na adorativeness. Za'a bayyana wannan a cikin mafi daki-daki a cikin sashin "Manyan nau'ikan da iri".
Juyawa
Domin loosestrife ya girma kuma ya bunkasa a koda yaushe, ana buƙatar jujjuya shi akai-akai. A wuri guda, ana iya girma irin wannan fure na kimanin shekaru 10. Koyaya, kawai 'yan shekaru bayan dasa shuki loosestrife a cikin ƙasa, zai zama daji mai tasowa, wanda zai sami yara da yawa. Dole ne a dasa irin wannan daji. An ba da shawarar yin jigilar loosestrife a farkon lokacin bazara ko a lokacin bazara, lokacin da ganye ya ƙare.
Cutar da kwari
Irin wannan shuka yana da tsayayya sosai ga cututtukan biyu da kwari. Abubuwan aphids ne kawai zasu iya sasanta akan sa, wanda za'a iya kawar dashi tare da taimakon wakili na musamman, misali, Antitlin ko Biotlin.
Kiwo na Loosestrife
An riga an faɗi a sama cewa za a iya yada loosestrife ta hanyar tsaba, yan itace, rarraba daji, har da harbe na basal. Gardenerswararrun lambu da suka fi so su yadu da wannan tsiro ta hanyoyin tsirrai, idan aka kwatanta da na halitta (iri) sun fi abin dogara. Ya kamata kuma a tuna cewa daji girma daga zuriya fara Bloom kawai a cikin shekara ta biyu ko ta uku bayan da seedlings bayyana. Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu ko na farko - a watan Yuni. Koyaya, dole ne a fara dasa iri na tsawon makonni 6, saboda wannan an sanya su a kan shiryayye na firiji, waɗanda aka tsara don kayan lambu. Idan an shirya shuka iri don kaka, to, ba kwa buƙatar shirya tsaba, saboda a cikin ƙasa za su iya shaƙawar yanayin halitta kuma a cikin ƙarshen bazara mai ƙauna ta bazara ya bayyana.
Kuna iya shuka loosestrife ta hanyar shuka. Don yin wannan, dole ne a shuka iri-iri wanda aka riga aka saita, a ko'ina ana rarraba su akan farfajiya na cakuda ƙasa, wanda yakamata ya ƙunshi peat da yashi. Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashin kuma a tsaftace shi a cikin sanyin sanyi (kimanin digiri 15) da kuma wurin da aka cika lafiya. Bayan makonni 1.5-2, harbe na farko ya kamata ya bayyana. Yayan tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi ya kamata a peaked bisa ga kwantena na mutum. Dasa shuki a cikin ciyawar da aka bude ana yin sa ne a watan Yuni, yayin da ya kamata a lura da nisan rabin mita tsakanin tsirrai.
Hakanan, ana iya yaduwar waɗannan furanni ta hanyar rarraba daji. Ana yin wannan hanyar a farkon lokacin bazara ko a lokacin bazara yayin dasawa. Da farko, kuna buƙatar rarrabe yara daga daji da aka haƙa daga ƙasa, sannan raba daji da kanta zuwa sassa da yawa. Ya kamata a lura cewa kowane delenka yakamata ya sami tushen ci gaba da mai tushe. Sannan ana dasa su cikin rijiyoyin da aka riga aka shirya. Blossoming na loosestrife girma daga delenok za'a iya gani a kakar mai zuwa. Kula da delenki ya kamata iri ɗaya da na shuka mai girma.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana amfani da ganyayyaki don yaduwa na asu-eyed loosestrife, tsawon wanda zai iya bambanta daga 0.1 zuwa 0.2 m. Ana girbe girbi a cikin aiwatar da pruning a cikin kaka ko a bazara. Cuttingsarshen ƙasa suna buƙatar nutsar da ruwa. Lokacin da tushen ya zama akan su, dole ne a dasa kayan a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, yayin da zaɓar wani shafi a inuwa m.
Kula da perennial loosestrife bayan fure
An ambata a sama cewa a cikin shuka iri, yana da mahimmanci don yanke duk inflorescences wilted. A cikin kaka, madaidaiciyar jinsin suna buƙatar yanke harbe. Don haka takin ko humus ya kamata a ƙara ƙasa. Duk wani nau'in nau'in loosestrife yana da tsayayya sosai ga sanyi, saboda haka wannan shuka baya buƙatar tsari don hunturu.
Iri da nau'ikan loosestrife tare da hotuna da sunaye
Da ke ƙasa za a yi bayani dalla-dalla irin waɗancan nau'ikan da nau'ikan loosestrife, waɗanda suka fi shahara tsakanin masu lambu.
Loosestrife (Lysimachia vulgaris)
Wannan tsiro mai tsiro a cikin daji ana iya samun sa a Arewacin Afirka da Eurasia, yayin da ya gwammace ya girma kusa da fadama, makiyaya, gandun daji da kuma gefen gaɓar ruwa daban daban. Tsawan tsawan madaidaiciya ya bambanta daga 0,5 zuwa 1 m Rhizome yana creeping. Fuskokin ganye na baki-baki suna da sikirin lanceolate; ana iya yin zina ko akasin haka. A kasan farfajiya akwai ingantaccen abu, kuma babba yana da santsi. Fentin-mai launin kararrawa ana fentin launin rawaya, a gindin murhun akwai wani launi mai launin shuɗi-ja. Furanni sune wani ɓangare na inflorescences apical panicle. Ana lura da ruwa a cikin watan Yuni-Agusta. Wannan nau'in ana daukar tsire-tsire na zuma, baya jin tsoron stagnation na ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Idan ana so, ana iya girma a cikin wani kandami mara zurfin a zurfin da bai wuce santimita 10 ba.
Alnakumar Alnakiriya (Lysimachia nemorum)
Ana samun wannan nau'in a Turai a cikin yanayin halitta. Ya fi son girma a kusa da koguna da tafkunan, yayin da irin wannan shuka ya tashi daga sawun zuwa yankin subalpine. Wannan tsiron mai tsiro mai tsayi ya kai kimanin 0.3 m. Afaƙarin buɗe ido suna da girma da faɗi. A kan dogon furanni suna da furanni rawaya guda ɗaya. Fulawa ya fara a cikin watan Mayu, kuma tsawon lokacin shi sati takwas ne.
Lilac (Lysimachia thyrsiflora), ko kizlyak
Irin wannan fure ya fi son yin girma a cikin ruwa mara kyau, kazalika da gefen bankunan jikin ruwa. A rhizome ne creeping. Shootsaƙƙarfan kafafan harbe har suka kai tsawan kusan 0.6 m. Itace faranti lanceolate faranti mafi yawancin ana shuka shi. Yellowanan furanni masu launin rawaya suna da sanyin hankali saboda gaskiyar cewa suna da tsarukan ɓarna. Wadannan furanni sune wani ɓangare na inflorescences furanni, wanda ya kai kimanin mm 30 a tsayi. Farkon fure yana faruwa a kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu ko na farko - a watan Yuni.
Loosestrife punctata (Lysimachia punctata)
Ana samo shi cikin yanayi a cikin gandun daji na Tsakiya da Yammacin Turai. A ƙarshen doguwar rhizome mai ƙazamar cuta ce, wanda ya kunshi harbe 4-6 na ɓoye. A farfajiya na kafa harbe akwai pubescence. Farantin ganye na sedentary suna da sikirin lanceolate mai fadi. Lemon rawaya furanni suna saman saman shoot, wanda aka raunana shi sosai. Wannan nau'in yana fara yin fure a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Yuni ko na farko - a watan Yuli. Tsawan lokacin fure kamar mako huɗu ne. Don dasa wannan nau'in, ana bada shawara don zaɓar wuraren rana. Mafi mashahuri iri:
- Alexander. Wani farin kan iyaka yana wucewa gefen gefen ruwan ciyawar ganye.
- Fayel Alexander. A cikin ruwan ganye, ƙusoshin launin zinare ya wuce gefen.
Cancelver Bloom (Lysimachia kamaciyar)
Wurin haifuwar wannan nau'in shine China. Irin wannan tsire-tsire rawaya ne - saboda yana da furanni da yawa na launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, a gindin furannin wanda akwai ruwan hoda. Lush succulent foliage yana da wadataccen launi mai launi. Sun koya game da wannan nau'in dan kadan kwanan nan - a 1992, ire-iren wadannan sun shahara:
- Lissy. Spherical inflorescences suna da launin rawaya. Ruwan ganye kore ne.
- Fashewar Rana. Wannan nau'in ya bambanta, a kan faranti masu launin shuɗi masu duhu akwai tsiri na launin shuɗi. Furanni kuma rawaya.
- Ruwan Persian. A kan ba manya manyan duhu ganye fararen faranti, jan veins ake gani. Furanni masu launin rawaya.
- Cakulan Persian. Ganyen suna da shunayya, a cikin kaka ba sa mutu. Furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Lilysri Lily na kwari (Lysimachia clethroides), ko loosestrife
An samo shi a cikin yanayi a kudancin Primorsky Krai. Ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda-fari irin wannan fure yayi kama da na fure mai kwari, amma ba mai kauri bane. Ganyen ciyawa mai tsayi ya kai tsayin kawai 0.2 m, a saman farjinsa akwai fitsari. Flowersanan furanni masu launin dusar ƙanƙara-fari sune ɓangare na ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalƙyali mai girman gaske, wanda ya kai tsawon 0.2 m. Lokacin fure shine kimanin kwanaki 15-20. Wannan nau'in an horar da shi ne tun ƙarshen karni na 20. Mafi mashahuri iri:
- Lady jane. Tsawon daji shine 0.6-0.9 m. Fulawa ya fara a cikin makonnin bazara na ƙarshe.
- Geisha. Daban-daban iri-iri. A gefen faranti na takardar shine iyakar launi na cream.
Loosestrife monetized (Lysimachia nummularia), ko tsabar kudi loosestrife, ko makiyaya loosestrife, ko shayi makiyaya
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana iya samun wannan nau'in a Japan, Turai da Arewacin Amurka. Wannan nau'in ya fi son a girma a cikin tsaunukan Inuwa, a kan ƙarshen fadama, a cikin ciyawar makiyaya, gami da rafuka da koguna daban-daban. Wannan tsararren murfin ƙasa ne. Tsawon zangon kwanciya yakai kimanin 0.3 m. Fararen kayan abinci na filafilai na ƙarancin filaye suna da ɗan ƙaramin tsintsiya da tsayinsa na kimanin 25 mm. Kadarorin furanni biyun suna launin rawaya masu launin shuɗi kuma sun isa diamita na 25 mm. Lokacin da shuka yayi fure, ya dogara da matakin haske. Idan an dasa bushes a cikin yankin da ke da tsabta, to farkon farkon fure zai faru ne a ƙarshen kwanakin Mayu ko Yuni. Wannan nau'in na iya samar da murfi a kan dutsen da kuma shimfiɗaɗɗen ƙasa. Mafi mashahuri iri-iri ne Aurea: launin launi na ruwan wukake na ganye kore-rawaya, wannan tsire-tsire bashi da juriya mai sanyi idan aka kwatanta da manyan nau'in.
M Purple loosestrife (Lysimachia purpurea), ko ciliated loosestrife (Lysimachia ciliata)
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana samun wannan nau'in a Arewacin Amurka. Itaccan mai tsiro mai tsayi ya kai tsayi 0.45 m. Wuraren da aka haɗa filayen ganye suna da launi mai ruwan-inuwa. Loose inflorescences kunshi axillary kananan apical furanni na lemun tsami launi. Wannan nau'in yana fure a watan Agusta, kuma an bada shawara don haɓaka shi a cikin wuraren da ke da kyakkyawan hasken.
Loosestrife ruwan hoda (Lysimachia atropurpurea)
Haihuwar irin wannan shuka ita ce Girka. Tsawon wannan tsararren tsiro na zamani na iya bambanta daga 0.45 zuwa 0.9 m. Haɗin kyawawan launuka masu ƙyalƙyali masu ƙyalli sun haɗa da furanni masu yawa na giya mai duhu, kusan launin baki. A gefen koren ganye na ganye akwai coran corrugation, wanda aka bayyane musamman a cikin matasa bushes. Fulawa ya fara a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Yuli. Mafi mashahuri iri-iri ne Beaujolais: launin furanninta launin shuɗi ne.
Wassestrife makarwa (Lysimachia ephemerum)
An samo shi a cikin daji a kudu maso yammacin Turai. Wannan tsiro mai tsananin sanyi yakan iya girma sosai cikin fadada, kuma a tsayi zai iya kaiwa kimanin 0.9 m. A cikin 'yan makonnin bazara, inflorescences mai ƙyalli wanda ya ƙunshi furanni girma a daji. Nuna tun karni na 19.
Abubuwan da ke cikin mallakar loosestrife: cutarwa da fa'ida
Abubuwan da ke warkarwa na loosestrife
Verbeynik talaka ya bambanta gyaran jiki, farfadowa, warkarwa mai rauni da tasiri hemostatic. Koyaya, magungunan gargajiya basu kula da wannan shuka ba. Haka kuma, a madadin magani, ana amfani da irin wannan fure don zub da ciki da gudawa, sannan kuma don maganin rashin warkarwa da warkarwa raunuka, stomatitis, eczema da thush.
Haɗin wannan shuka ya haɗa da saponins, tannins, rutin, carbohydrates, silicic da ascorbic acid, don haka ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin cututtukan homeopathy.Don lura da ƙurji, ana amfani da ciyayi da furanni masu tsire-tsire, ana bada shawara don amfani da faranti na ganye a sabbin raunuka. Daga tushen da aka bushe, an shirya foda wanda ke da kaddarorin analgesic, haka kuma ikon warkar da ƙonewa da yanke.
Jiko na Loosestrife na iya dakatar da zubar jini a ciki. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haɗa 1 tbsp. freshly Boiled ruwa da 1 babban cokali na bushe foliage. Cakuda da aka cakuda da sassauci dole ne a bugu sau uku a rana har sai abinci don manyan cokali na 1-2.
Ana amfani da tinsestrife tincture don dawo da ƙarfi bayan fama da mummunan ciwo. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haɗa 1 tbsp. vodka da wasu manyan cokali biyu na sabo ganye. An cire jirgin ruwa da aka rufe sosai a cikin duhu har tsawon kwanaki 3-4 don nace. Ana ɗaukar tincture madaidaiciya sau 20 sau 3 ko sau 4 a rana.
Tea kuma an shirya shi daga wannan shuka, wanda ake amfani dashi don jin zafi a kai da sanyi. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haɗa babban cokali 1 na fure mai fure, fure kantin furanni da ciyawar loosestrife. Zuba ruwan hade cikin tabarau na ruwan da aka dafa sabo. Bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan, shayi zai kasance a shirye.
Contraindications
Ba a iya amfani da kuɗin da aka shirya akan loosestrife don maganin thrombosis, veinsose, da kuma ga mutanen da ke da hawan jini, hawan jini ko kuma fama da cututtukan jijiyoyin hannu. Idan yaro yana da tari mai bushewa, to shima haramun ne dashi.
